10. No echo (to hear) in a minute.

11. All the details (to know) to the scientists when the expedition is over.

12. A new island (to find).

13. Our ship (to send) to explore that area.

14. Very often Philip Сагу (to laugh at) because of his crippled leg.

15. The story "Luncheon" (to write) by Somerset Maugham.

Exercise 6. Replace by passive constructions. Example: I caught a big fish.

A big fish was caught by me.

1. The hunter killed a wolf.

2. Everybody objected to his proposal.

3. The ship "Vityaz" found the greatest depth in the Paci­fic in 1953.

4. Are you sure that we can rely on these figures?

5. I am afraid that they will not arrive at an agreement.

6. You must not interfere with them.

7. Everybody looked at him when he entered the room.

8. They must comment on that event.

9. You must listen to the lecturer very attentively.

10. Many famous scientists attended this conference last year.

11. I suppose that we can rely on this information.

12. Nobody laughed at him when he said it.

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Exercise 7. Translate into English.

Example: Его попросили принять участие в конференции. Не was asked to take part at the conference. 1. В теннис играют во многих странах. 2. Мне только что предложили интересную работу. 3. Ему дают прекрасные книги в библиотеке. 4. Меня прислали помочь вам. 5. Дети любят, когда им читают. 6. На нее смотрели. 7. Рассказ "Дождь" написан С.Моэмом. 8. Нас встретили на вокзале. 9.Это статья должна быть переведена тотчас. 10. Эти дома очень старые. Они построены более 100 лет назад. 11. Ему показали прек­расные лаборатории. 12. Ряд вопросов не обсуждался. 13. Ок­но закрыто? 14. Кто родился в 1951 году в Лондоне? 15. Сту­дентов пригласили на конференцию.

UNIT 11.

Interrogative Sentences. General Question. Общий вопрос.

Общий вопрос начинается всегда со вспомогательного или модального глагола, за которым следует подлежащее и смысло­вой глагол. Общий вопрос требует ответа "да" или "нет". .

Вспомога- тельный глагол	Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение	Обстоятельство
Do Did Are Can	they he you you	speak finish coming help	English his work me?	at the lesson? yesterday? tomorrow?

Alternative Question. Альтернативный вопрос.

Это вопрос выбора между двумя суждениями. Он может на­чинаться со вспомогательного или модального глагола (как общий вопрос) или с вопросительного слова (как специальный вопрос) и обязательно содержит союз "or".

Do you study English or French?

Do you or does your brother answer the calls?

What books does he read: English or French?

Special Question. Специальный вопрос.

Специальный вопрос задается с целью получить полный ответ на интересующий вопрос. Вопрос начинается в вопроси­тельного слова (или группы слов), за которым следует вспо­могательный глагол, подлежащее и смысловой глагол.

Вопроси­тельное слово	Вспомога­тельный глагол	Подлежащее	Сказуе­мое	Дополнение	Обстоя­тельство
Who What	do did	you the teach­er	want read	to speak to? to the students?	yesterday?

К каждому члену предложения можно поставить специаль­ный вопрос.

Example: The teacher read [red] an interesting story to the students yesterday.

- Вопрос, относящийся к обстоятельству времени.

When did the teacher read [ri:d] an interesting story to the students?

- Вопрос, относящийся к предложному дополнению.

То whom did the teacher read [ri :d] an interesting story?

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- Вопрос, относящийся к прямому дополнению.

What did the teacher read [ri:d] to the students yes­terday?

- Вопрос, относящийся к сказуемому.

What did the teacher do yesterday?

- Вопрос, относящийся у определению.

What story did the teacher read [ri:d] to the students

yesterday?

- Вопрос, относящийся к подлежащему.

Who read [red] an interesting story to the students

yesterday?

Disjunctive Question. Разделительный вопрос.

Разделительный вопрос представляет собой утвердитель­ное или отрицательное повествовательное предложение, к ко­торому присоединен краткий общий вопрос, состоящий из мес­тоимения, заменяющего подлежащее, и того вспомогательного или модального глагола, который входит в состав сказуемого в утвердительной форме одного ив простых времен Present или Past Indefinite, в кратком вопросе употребляется соответ ствующая форма глагола to do (do, does, did).

You speak English, don't you?

Your friend doesn't speak German, does he?

She can swim, can't she?

You are the new secretary, aren't you?

He hasn't returned from Britain yet, has he?

Exercise 1. Express surprise.

Example: My friend speaks English. - Does he really speak English?

1. Up to 1959 there was only the Teachers Training Insti- tute in Tyumen.

2. Today the 8 higher educational institutions enroll over

30.000 students.

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3. The network of the establishments of higher education is constantly growing.

4. Tyumen University is rather young.

5. It was founded on January 1, 1973.

6. It occupies several buildings.

7. They are situated not far from the centre of the town.

8. There are 14 faculties at the University nowadays.

9. Two departments train students in history, biology, ecology, etc.

10. He has passed entrance exams successfully.

11. She will do her best to become a good specialist.

12. Final exams are held at the end of the course of studi­es.

13. In a language laboratory everybody can listen to tape -recordings.

14. St. Petersburg University gave the world many outstan­ding public men, writers and scientists.

Exercise 2. Add tail-questions to these sentences.

1. The teaching staff of the University is over 500, ... .

2. Those who combine work and study take correspondence courses ... .

3. My friend studies at the day-time department,

4. As a rule the students of every faculty are divided in­to groups, ... .

5. There are about 25 students in each group,

6. The students of the University have at their disposal all kinds of labs and rooms, ....

7. The course of studies at the University doesn't last for 4 years

8. There are two terms in the academic year, ... .

9. I never miss lectures, ... .

10. Only two re-examinations are usually allowed, ... .

11. She hasn't a great desire to ger higher education, ...

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12. Students making good progress in studies get state grants

13. Professors and lecturers giye lectures to large numbers of students

14. In some Institutes the students need not come to the lab every day, ... .

15. The students were listening to the tape in the booths,

... .

16. We can't go to the lab after class, ... .

17. He will have to join the library,

Exercise 3. Make up alternative questions.

Example: There are 2 terms in the academic year (3).

- Are there 2 or 3 terms in the academic year?

1. There are 14 faculties at the University now (12).

2. Tyumen University is rather young (old).

3. On Mondays the library is open till 9 o'clock in the evening (7 o'clock).

4. Once a year every faculty gives an interview for candi­dates seeking admission (twice a year).

5. St. Petersburg University is one of the most important education and scientific centres in the country (Tyumen University).

6. In 1891 V.I. Lenin came up to St. Petersburg to take his degree at the faculty of Law (the faculty of Scien-ces).

7. The evening department holds classes only four times a week (every day).

8. The library is well-stocked with books (the laboratory).

9. There are many sports societies at the University (at school).

10. Peter is good at Spanish (German).

11. Nick is a graduate of the University (John).

12. Ann granduated from the University Last year (some years ago).

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Exercise 4. Put questions to the underlined words and word-combinations.

1. The classes begin at 8 o'clock in the morning.

2. The course of studies at the University lasts for 5 years.

3. The students take examinations twice a year.

4. There are two terms in the academic year.

5. Final exams are held at the end of the course of studi-es.

6. The University gives the highest type of education.

7. The University was founded by a decision of the go­vernment .

8. We must work systematically if we want to know English well.

9. He is eager to master English.

10. The students are trained for different fields of in­dustry and economy.

11. We have heard that there is a well - equipped language laboratory at the faculty of Philology.

10. Nelly claimed to be the best mathematician in her group.

10. Mrs. Parker told Mrs. Green joyfully that her daughter had entered the University.

10. He couldn't speak English last year.

Список литературы.

1. Бонк Н.А. Учебник английского языка. Минск. Высшая шко­ла. 1993.

2. Выборова Г.Е., Махмурян К.С. Easy English. М. Владос, 1994.

3. Eckersley С.Е. Essential English. Маркетинг - XXI, М.. 1992.

4. English for Beginners. Под ред. Пановой И.И. Минск. Вы-шэйшая школа, 1994.

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5. Жималенкова Т.М., Мыльцева Н.А. Универсальный справоч­ник по грамматике английского явыка. М. Глосса, 1995.

6. Каджаднуни Л. Dive and Swim. (Начальный курс разговор­ного английского языка). М. Линка - Пресс. ВЛАДОС, 1994

7. Клементьева Т.В. Повторяем времена английского глагола. Киев, 1994.

8. Корнеева Е.А. Сборник упражнений по практике явыка. Л., 1979.

9. Любимцева С.Н. Деловой английский. М. Высшая школа, 1995.

10. Murphy R. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge. University Press, Cambridge, 1988.

11. Murphy R. Essential Grammar in Use. Cambridge Universi­ty Press, Cambridge, 1994