Exercises

4. Find the equivalents:

1. input of a computer	1. наличие и отсутствие
2. auxiliary equipment	2. перфорированные отверстия
3. at the rate of	3. устройство вывода
4. a high speed line-printer	4. высокоскоростной линейный принтер
5. for efficient use	5. коэффициент преимущества
6. a storage device	6. со скоростью
7. a factor of advantage	7. для эффективного использования
8. output unit	8. вспомогательное оборудование
9. punched holes	9. устройство ввода
10. presence and absence	10. запоминающее устройство

5. Insert prepositions where necessary:

1. A computer can record ... magnetic tape ... the rate ... 1,000,000 characters ... second. 2. As compared ... the computer the auxiliary or peripheral equipment is rather slow. 3. A human being can write ... hand ... the rate... 30 words ... minute. 4. ... ... the capacity ... the peripheral equipment receiving information the output ... a computer varies very much. 5. A factor ... advantage ... the computer compared ... a human being is ... 10,000 ... 1.

6. Complete the following sentences:

1. The peripheral equipment is slow as compared with ... .2. Devices called buffers may be used for efficient use of the computer’s.... 3. A human being is known to type at the rate ... .4. The ratio between a computer speed and the output speed of a human being gives a factor of ... to a computer. 5. The input unit accepts the data ... and programs for....

7. Memorize the following definitions:

1. Input unit is a section of the computer, which accepts information from outside the computer. 2. Output is a device or devices, which put out information of the computer. 3. Buffers are storage devices accepting information at a very high speed from the computer and releasing information at the proper speed for the peripheral equipment.

8. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the general purpose of the input unit? 2. How may the 1's and 0's be expressed for the computer? 3. What is the general purpose of the output unit? 4. What does the peripheral equipment consist of? 5. What is the general purpose of a buffer? 6. What is the ratio between a computer's speed and the top output speed of a human being? 7. How are input and output devices usually called?

9. Form adverbs from adjectives by adding the suffix -ly:

easy, reasonable, usual, special, physical, functional, real, regular, magnetical, different, logical, mathematical, subsequent, consequent

10. Form nouns from verbs by adding the suffixes -er, -or:

to work, to invent, to compose, to calculate, to operate, to act, to react, to receive, to transmit, to select, to use, to combine

11. Arrange (a) synonyms and (b) antonyms in pairs and translate them:

a) speed, peripheral, to control, to write, auxiliary, to do, to receive, rate, to record, to get, to make, to handle, device, unit, instruction, part, to accept, command, section, information, data, to take in

b) to add, presence, hole, input, north, decimal, to multiply, to divide, binary, south, output, blank, absence, to subtract

12. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:

1. The assistant came to instruct students how to handle instructions. 2. The assistant came to be instructed by the professor. 3. The main purpose of the computers is to solve complex problems. 4. To perform reasonable operations a computer must have a way of accepting data. 5. To add and to subtract means to perform mathematical operations. 6. P.L. Chebyshev, a Russian scientist, was the first to construct an arithmometer. 7. The input unit to be described here is a new device. 8. Punched holes in a card or a paper tape are used to represent 1's and 0's. 9. To carry out the instruction, the computer must accept the data in the form of punched holes and blanks. 10. In order to program in a good way the programmer needs detailed data about the program and the way it is to be done.