Научно-технический словарь

Поворот [см. Большое достижение, В области ... произошёл поворот].

Поворотный пункт

Darwin's Origin of Species is a turning point in our understanding of the development of life.

Повреждать [см. тж. Выводить из строя]

The laser does not damage parts.

Повреждаться [см. Выходить из строя].

Повреждение [см. тж. Выходить из строя, Не в порядке, Устранять дефект]

The obelisk had endured thirty centuries without visible deterioration. This will cause serious damage to the cylinders.

These storms frequently cause tide gauge failure.

Such steels can be hardened without injuring (or affecting) the finished surfaces. There is no evidence of injury to the cells.

Повреждение в результате

Damage to the hoist from overrun of the chain ...

Повреждение при перевозке

The risk of damage in transit is thus reduced.

Повреждён [см. тж. Выходить из строя] The thread was mutilated (or damaged).

Повреждённый

Abrasive grit blasting removes the impaired surface. This enzyme system repairs the affected strand.

Повседневный контроль

The tester is designed for routine inspection.

Повсеместно использоваться [см. тж. Широко использоваться]

The indicator is in general (or common, or universal) use. Ammeters of this type are used universally.

Повсеместно принят

During the 1800s the concept of atoms and molecules became generally (or universally) accepted.

Повсеместно присутствовать среди

Two minor proteins, L and NS, are universal among...

Повсеместно распространяться

This idea gained universal currency.

Повсюду [см. тж. Везде, Встречаться повсеместно, Повсеместно, Широко использоваться]

We employ heavy-duty bearings throughout.

Повторение

If the output signal from an amplifier is not an exact replica of the input signal, distortion has occurred.

Повторно использовать [см. Использовать повторно, Можно использовать повторно].

Повторно использоваться

The coolant is collected by a large trough, and after being filtered, it is recirculated.

Повторное использование

The truck enables empty bogeys to be returned from the unloading end for reuse. Recycling of appropriate plastics must be encouraged.

Повторный

The problem of producing repeat batches of components in fairly small quantities ...

These corrections could be made by a second experiment.

Повторный заказ

Repeat orders can be quickly handled.

Повторный эксперимент

Replicates of the experiment showed immediately that ...

Повторять [см. Точно повторять].

Повторять опыт

A recent replica of this experiment was made.

Повторять путь

Under these circumstances the proton retraces the same path in the opposite direction.

Повторять снова и снова

By proceeding to do this over and over again a regular polygon with 12, 24, 48,...

sides can be inscribed.

Повторяться

Floods recur, and the recurrence interval is predictable.

Sedimentary rock associations are of several kinds and may occur over and over.

If such zones are repeated, ...

Повторяющаяся последовательность

Polymers are enormous molecules made by connecting small molecules in repetitive sequences.

Повторяющееся действие

The recurring action of a mechanical clock...

Повторяющийся

The individual atoms are bound to each other in a repetitive three-dimensional array. A set of replicate results is a representative sample.

Повышать [см. тж. Увеличивать]

The synchrotron boosts the energy of the protons for injection into a larger synchrotron. To raise (or elevate) the boiling point,...

The kaolin adds strength, abrasion resistance, and rigidity.

Molybdenum enhances the resistance of stainless steels to pitting corrosion. Niobium improves the heat resistance of ...

The addition of the new unit will raise (or increase) the capacity from 80 to 135 mln lb/yr. Production could be stepped up quickly.

He upped the payload to ...

Повышать до

This program brought the rate of copper output to a level commensurate with ...

The concentration was brought up (or raised, or elevated) to the desired level.

Повышать напряжение

A transformer is used to step up (or raise, or increase, or build up) the voltage.

Повышать температуру на

The amount of heat required to raise 1 lb of the material 1°F is ...

Повышаться [см. Нарастать, Подниматься, Увеличиваться].

Повышение [см. тж. Выигрыш, С повышением, Увеличение]

The upper section is cooled for better (or increased) absorption efficiency. With further gain (or increase, or rise) in vehicle speed...

Five percent gain in productivity ...

Upgrading of fastener quality and reliability ...

To prevent the building up (or buildup) of pressure in the cell,...

Повышение в два раза

A doubling of the concentration would cause ...

Повышение на

With a rise of several degrees С ...

Повышение точки кипения

Adsorption on activated carbon improves with increasing boiling point. A rise in (or An elevation of) the boiling point...

Повышенная температура [см. тж. При повышенной температуре]

The salicylates relieve minor pains and reduce elevated temperatures.

This reaction will proceed only at elevated temperatures.

Повышенное давление

An elevated (or heightened) blood pressure.

Повышенный

Steels containing up to 1% chromium give enhanced (or increased, or improved, or better) resistance to atmospheric corrosion.

Higher than usual, Rather high.

Погибать

The plant dies when the seeds mature.

Погибнуть в результате

When a teloblast dies of malfunctions, ...

(biol.).

Поглотитель энергии

The controlled system is the sink for the energy (or the energy sink).

Поглощать

At-211 is readily taken up (or absorbed) by the thyroid gland. The nutrients are taken up by the plants.

When the amount of air passed over a surface is sufficient to take up the heat dissipated from,...

Поглощаться атмосферой

The convected heat is lost to the atmosphere.

Поглощаться и высвобождаться

Carbon dioxide is taken up by plants during their growth cycle and released by the decay of plant material.

Поглощающий инфракрасные лучи

Infrared-absorbing gases...

Поглощение

The take-up (or absorption) of oxygen by the plants ...

There should be air-conditioned cooling so that there will be a minimum of moisture pick-up by the material.

Поглощение в инфракрасной области

Infrared absorption.

Поглощенный

Only a small fraction of the water taken up by the roots serves as a reactant in photosynthesis.

Погодоустойчивый

The equipment is weather-proof (or weather resistant).

Погрешность [см. В пределах ошибки эксперимента, Вносить ошибку, Инструментальная погрешность, Отклоняться от истины на].

Погружаемый аппарат

Manned and unmanned submersibles ...

Погружаемый в

The geothermal gradient is measured by a probe dropped into the soft sediment.

Погружать в

The components are dipped in (or into) molten metal and ...

The container may be immersed in cold water. The test specimens were submerged in the solution. The interacting mass was plunged into the water.

Погружаться на дно

Then the sphere sinks to the bottom.

Погружение

Neither on this dive, nor on others ... (of frogmen). They regretted the brevity of their plunge

(in a bathyscaphe).

The record submersion (or submergence) (of a submarine)...

The process of downsinking of the plate beneath the edge of another is called subduction.

Погружение в

This is accomplished by dipping the part in a two-layer liquid. The coatings are obtained by immersing the pan to be coated in ...

The lowest temperature was obtained by immersion of the specimen in liquid hydrogen.

Погружён в

The pump mechanism is entirely immersed (or submerged) in oil.

The metal electrode dips (or is dipped) into a solution containing ions of the metal.

Погружённый наполовину

A ball floats on the surface exactly half submerged.

Под I

The steel cylinder lies beneath an electrostatic field.

A tray is fitted underneath (or below, or under) the electrodes for storage of unheat-ed rivets. The region beneath the dotted curve represents ...

Под II [см. Нарезать под, Отверстие под, Сверлить под]. Под III [см. Отделывать].

Под I [см. Подразумеваться под].

Под II

The storage ring was later moved to the Orsay Laboratory outside Paris.

Под атмосферным давлением [см. Находиться под атмосферным давлением]. Под болт [см. Нарезанный под болт].

Под вакуумом [см. тж. Плавиться под вакуумом]

The melting was carried out under vacuum, The stripper operates under a slight vacuum.

Под влиянием [см. тж. Под действием]

The device changes resistance in response to (or under the effect of) light. Electric charges move in response to electric fields.

Под водой

The rocket is launched underwater.

Под вопросом

The degree of further development is open to question because of increasing technological difficulties.

Под вороток

The tap shank has a square end to accommodate (or receive, or fit) a tap wrench.

Под давлением [см. тж. Находиться под давлением]

The calorimeter is filled with oxygen under a pressure of...

The molten metal is injected into moulds under pressure.

Под давлением ниже атмосферного

Potable water can be produced by subat-mospheric boiling.

Под действием [см. тж. Находиться под действием. Находящийся под действием, Под влиянием]

Lead (II) nitrate is often used to make nitrogen dioxide by the action of heat (or under the action of heating).

The enzyme accepts histidine when acted upon by (or under the action of) an appropriate ligase. Corrosion by acids ...

Chrysotile is subject to progressive embrit-tlement on exposure to temperatures above 400°C. The motions of objects under the influence (or effect) of gravity ...

Then the electron starts falling back toward the proton under the attraction of the Coulomb force.

Под действием вибрации

Electrical characteristics under strong vibration ...

Под действием излучения [см. Под облучением].

Под действием света

Only under exposure to light will the material permit electron flow.

Под действием силы тяжести [см. тж. Под действием собственного веса, Самотёком]

The incline is insufficient to cause the bogey to run away under gravity. Flow occurs from a higher to a lower elevation by action of gravity.

Под действием собственного веса

The material flows by gravity.

The concrete is forced down the vertical pipe by gravity. Fresh water is gravity fed to the whirlpool casing.

This permits gravity feed to trucks.

The feeders employ the natural fall of material through the date. The platform is tilted and the car runs into the cage under gravity.

Под действием ультрафиолетового излучения

Under UV (or ultraviolet) light.

Под заклёпку

The material is drilled and punched to receive (or fit, or accommodate, or suit the size of) the rivet.

Под землёй

The miners spend their working days belowground. A few locomotives were used underground.

Под ключ I

The screw cap is milled to an octagon at the top to receive a box wrench.

Под континентами

The composition of the crust beneath (or under) the continents ...

Под микроскопом [см. тж. В микроскоп, Изучение под микроскопом]

Examining samples of his own white blood cells under the microscope, he noticed that...

Colloidal particles cannot be seen even with an optical microscope.

Под наблюдением [см. Находиться под наблюдением].

Под нагрузкой

When the engine operates under load,...

Under a load of 100 g applied for .5 seconds ...

Под названием [см. тж. Быть известным под названием. Известный под названием]

This mineral is also known by (or under) the name orthite.

Под наклоном [см. Идти под наклоном к].

Под напряжением

The heads are charged at 140 kV.

Под облучением

Most plastics tend to lose tensile strength under irradiation. Under radiation, most metals become harder and stronger.

Под общим названием [см. Идти под общим названием].

Под острым (антон. тупым) углом

Nonuniform bending can be induced by placing the strips at an acute (anton. obtuse) angle.

Под открытым небом [см. На открытом воздухе].

Под поверхностью

Magma cools beneath the surface.

Под ... подразумевается [см. тж. Означать]

By a region or domain is meant an open connected point set E. This is considered to mean distortion produced by...

The term landslide is often used in reference to any form of rapid mass wasting.

Linearity is taken to mean that the process can be described by means of linear differential equations.

Под председательством

We attended a symposium chaired (or presided over) by Dr P.

Под прямым углом

This permits transmission of power from the shaft to the axle at a right angle. The set of electrodes is located at right angles to the field.

Под прямым углом друг к другу

These polarization directions are at right angles.

Под прямым углом к

The waveguide extends orthogonal to the x-axis.

Под руками [см. Иметь под рукой].

Под руководством

The discussion is being organized by our Institution under the aegis of the Ministry. Geiger worked under the direction (or

supervision) of Lord Rutherford.

Под руководством специалиста

Each student obtains supervised practice on surveying equipment.

Под собственной тяжестью

The plate sinks of its own weight (or by gravity).

Под сомнением [см. Находиться под сомнением].

Под током

When the coil is energized, ...

Под углом [см. тж. Видеть ... под углом,

Направлен под углом]

The screws are inserted at an angle.

The film normal is tilted at an angle to the X-ray beam.

This is accomplished by positioning each filter at a different angle to the beam.

The boundaries of the shaft pillar descend at 70° (or at an angle of 70°, or at a 70° angle) to (or with) the horizontal.

This requires each eye to view the object from different angles. A swash plate is a disk mounted at a slant on a revolving shaft.

Под углом зрения [см. тж. В свете, С точки зрения]

Observations are made at viewing angles of 10 degrees.

Под угрозу [см. Ставить под угрозу].

Под управлением

The trains are started, operated, and stopped under the control of a computer.

Под эгидой

The International Committee for Future Accelerators operates under the aegis of UPAP.

Под этим подразумевается, что

By this is meant that the composition of each phase is ...

Подавать [см. тж. В ... подаётся]

The drum from which wire is fed during winding ...

The air is conducted to the tool through a hose.

Conveyors have been erected to convey coal to the appropriate site. Each pump is capable of delivering 510 tons of water per hour. The ripping head discharges coal onto an intermediate conveyor. The coal is fed to the bunker.

Vibration pickups feed their voltage into amplifiers.

A distribution valve feeds compressed air into the bottles. The ore is released through a chute into the skip.

Подавать давление

The pressure is delivered by a centrifugal compressor.

Подавать по трубам

The steam can be piped from the field right to the turbine.

Подавать самотёком [см. тж. Под действием собственного веса]

The catalyst is fed by gravity into a regeneration vessel.

Подаваться [см. тж. Поступать]

Power from the four generators is delivered to the main bus. The filter cleans the fuel before it enters the engines.

The output from the photocell is fed into the galvanometer. The signal is fed to the second transmitter.

The signal from the clipper is passed to a cathode follower output stage. The air was provided by a blower.

The hydrogen is supplied to the flame through a small orifice. An operating pulse is supplied to the stepping motor.

A liquid is delivered at the top of a vertical lube. Materials feed onto belt conveyors from hoppers.

Подаваться на

The steam flows to the turbines.

Подаваться под давлением

The nutrient solution is forced through the glass filler into the growth lube.

Подаваться под действием собственного веса [см. Под действием собственного веса].

Подавлять

The resistance of the material quickly suppresses the eddy currents.

Подавлять вибрацию

With its massive frame, the machine dampens vibration and runs smoothly. The mechanical hysteresis damping holds the vibrations in check.

Подавляющее большинство [см. тж. В основном]

The great bulk of these deposits consists of the sulphate of calcium.

(By far) the majority [or The vast (or great, or overwhelming) majority] of technical investigations using the shock tube have employed a technique of this type.

Подавляющее большинство данных

The preponderance of the evidence (or data) indicates that the complexes are quite young by galactic standards.

Подать мысль о том, что

This finding suggested that small particles are suspended in ...

Подача [см. Прекращать подачу].

Подача плёнки (фото)

The film advance mechanism ...

Подача самотёком [см. Под действием собственного веса].

Подача тепла

Heat supplied or removed largely depends upon ...

Подача энергии

The rate of energy delivery (or supply) to do useful work ...

Подбор [см. Метод подбора].

Подбор крови по типам

This makes blood matching (or typing) a difficult procedure.

Подбрасывать [см. Бросать монетку].

Подведём итоги

In sum(mary) (or To sum up, or To summarize) groups I and IV members are well known, those of group Ш are reasonably well determined, but ...

To summarize: The combustion experiments are all exothermic and ...

Подвергаемый термообработке

Heat-treatable steels ...

Подвергать

Off-axis loads subject a column to combined bending.

Подвергать большой опасности

Geologic processes impose severe hazards upon people and their structures.

Подвергать действию света

The cells were exposed to light.

The number of free electrons in a semiconductor can be greatly increased by heating or shining light upon it.

Подвергать действию силы

If the spinning rotor is subjected to a force perpendicular to ...

Подвергать напряжению

Temperature changes place (or impose) a terrific strain on all conduit runs.

Подвергать обработке... методом

The components were put through a special thermomechanical process.

Подвергать пескоструйной обработке The riveted areas were sandblasted to provide a clean surface.

Подвергать проверке

As these methods are put to the test,...

It is desirable to undertake explorations to test this theory. To check (or verify) the results, ...

Подвергать сомнению [см. тж. Сомнительный]

The validity of the maxima is questioned by some authors.

Some investigators have cast doubt on (or questioned) this finding.

Подвергать удару

If a piece of steel is subjected to pounding (or a blow, or an impact)...

Подвергаться [см. тж. Испытывать, Претерпевать]

The star may go through a series of contractions.

Platform strata deposited in earlier periods were subject(ed) to erosion by running water. The sealant is subject to abrasion and tearing.

This body experiences (or undergoes) acceleration. The material suffers temper embrittlement.

Certain nuclei may undergo amitotic division (biol.).

This transition has been the subject of intensive investigations.

Подвергаться воздействию [см. тж. Испытывать воздействие]

The sample is exposed to a laser pulse.

A unit positive charge experiences a force equal to...

While the needle is subjected to the electric field,...

The enamels do not fade when exposed to salt spray. The fans are exposed to high temperatures.

These bearings are subjected to axial forces.

Подвергаться воздействию света

Many chemical substances change drastically when exposed to light.

Подвергаться воздействию силы

The particle experiences a restoring force pulling or pushing it back to its equilibrium position.

Подвергаться воздушному охлаждению

After tempering, the plates are allowed to air cool.

Подвергаться грубой расточке

One cylinder is rough bored in the castings.

Подвергаться действию [см. тж. Подвергаться воздействию]

When the molecules are subjected to a magnetic field...

The entire earth is subject to the force of gravity.

Electrons drifting from the negative electrode will enter the notch where they experience the higher field and become heavy.

Подвергаться действию атмосферных условий [см. Находиться под действием атмосферных условий].

Подвергаться дефектоскопии

The part is examined for flaws by an X-ray technician.

Подвергаться естественному старению The assemblies must be aged naturally after forming.

Подвергаться жёстким испытаниям

The trestles were put through (or subjected to) arduous (or severe, or rigorous) tests.

Подвергаться жесткой (или суровой) критике

The Commission report came under a storm of criticism.

Подвергаться износу

The two kinds of polymer differed markedly in the amount of wear they sustained.

Подвергаться испытанию

The gaskets were subjected to this test. The unit is under test (or is being tested).

Подвергаться исследованию

This is now the subject of extensive research.