3. Сгруппируйте предложения в зависимости от функции

герундия, а затем переведите на русский язык.

1. Casting is a process of forming metal objects. 2. Numerous methods have been developed for producing metal castings. 3. The test needed increasing the temperature of the metal. 4. There are some ways of obtaining high quality alloys. 5. Aluminum has a melting point of 658.7° C. 6. Melting may be done in cupolas, air furnaces, electric furnaces, etc. 7. Some metals require treatment before being placed in the melting furnace. 8. We know of electric furnaces being used for the production of high-grade castings. 9. Plastics are a new group of materials replacing natural products. 10. We know of Newton's having developed principles of mechanics.

3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите группы выделенных

слов, а затем и все предложение на русский язык.

1. In building new metallurgical factories, engineers have to solve many different problems. 2. In melting steel, electric furnaces, crucible furnaces and converters are used. 3. Liquids and gases expand on heating. 4. On completing the construction, the machine was tested in operation. 5. Casting is a process of forming metal objects by melting metal and pouring

it into molds. 6. By introducing new methods the engineers increased the speed of manufacture. 7. High-quality programs can't be produced without employing qualified programmers. 8. Magnets made by rubbing pieces of iron against natural magnets are called artificial magnets. 9. Scientists succeeded in developing means of obtaining a synthetic rubber. 10. The hardening process consists in heating steel and cooling it in water.

3. Сравните приводимые ниже предложения с инфинитивом

и покажите разницу их структурных моделей через перевод.

1.To obtain steel of the desired quality is the main subject of the experiments carried out in the research laboratory. To obtain steel of the desired quality the research laboratory carried out a lot of experiments. 2. To develop a new method of cutting metals was necessary. To develop a new method of cutting metals the engineers made some interesting experiments. 3. To design new machine tools a mechanical engineer must study much. To design new machine tools is the task of a mechanical engineer

3. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения с

инфинитивом в функции определения.

1. Engineers must know the best and most economical materials to use and understand the properties of these materials and how they can be worked. 2. Another factor for the industrial engineer to consider is whether each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in part. 3. The problem to be discussed at the conference is of great importance. 4. Much was done to make the work engineers easier. 5. Russian scientists were the first to synthesize diamonds. 6. The road to be built next year will connect these two towns.

3. Определите, является ли Ving форма причастием

настоящего времени или герундием. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. While decoding was taking place, other parts of the control section

were prepared for the following operation. 2. We can get a better idea of the use and operation of a computer by looking at an example. 3. Programming with machine language requires knowledge of the computer and its internal connections. 4. Assembly language programming is easier to use. 5. Everything we supply to the computer for processing must be converted into binary form. 6. The cells are arranged as groups, storing a

number of bits together as a byte. 7. Obtaining a byte from storage and moving it to the control block is called the fetch part of the computation cycle. 8. Input to the register is called data, and is in the form of one binary digit following the other. 9. The register is capable of processing four bits. 10. The table accompanying Fig.1 will help follow data through the register.