2. 2. Translate the sentences with Participle II

1. The results obtained were carefully studied. 2. Several kinds of environment pollution include air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and pollution caused by solid wastes, noise, and radiation. 3. The new materials recommended for bridge construction were described in the article. 4. The program described previously was used to determine the deflection under an applied load. 5. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. 6. Molecular crystals are solids constructed of molecules held together by relatively weak forces. 7. The lorries were loaded mechanically. 8. When heated to the boiling point water evaporates.

B. 3. Translate the sentences

1. The results are easily obtainable. 2. Losses result from danger to property, wasted man hours and wasted hours. 3. People also worry about the dangers resulting from massive releases of radioactive materials at nuclear power plants. 4. He obtained satisfactory results during the experiment. 5. Industrial accidents result in either death or in temporary or permanent disablement of employees. 6. Coloured marbles result from the presence of other minerals. 7. Sometimes unacceptable hazards result from interactions between hazards of different engineering and other disciplines. 8. Inadequacies of safety management result in major disasters.

B. 4. Translate the sentences paying attention to the degrees of comparison of adjectives

1. The smallest particles that we see through a microscope are much larger than molecules. 2. Silver is one of the best conductors of electricity. 3. Lead is one of the heaviest metals. 4. Lighter molecules move with greater speeds than heavier molecules. 5. Liquid oxygen is a little heavier than water, but liquid nitrogen is lighter. 6. The less people think, the more they talk. 7. From the earliest times people dreamt of air flights. 8. Our planet is getting warmer. 9. Scientists predict that in the future it will be even hotter. 10. Which is the least flexible of these materials?

C. 1. Read the text INDUSTRIAL SAFETY and answer the following questions:

1. What is Industrial safety concerned with?

2. What are objectives of industrial safety?

3. What must Industrial Safety provide?

Industrial safety is primarily a management activity which is concerned with reducing, controlling and eliminating hazards from the industries or industrial units.

Objectives of industrial safety:

a) to prevent accidents in the plant by reducing the hazard to minimum.

b) to eliminate accident caused work stoppage and lost production.

c) to achieve lower workmen’s compensation, insurance rates and reduce all other direct and indirect costs of accidents.

d) to prevent loss of life, permanent disability and the loss of income of worker by eliminating causes of accidents.

e) to evaluate employee’s morale by promoting safe work place and good working condition.

f) to educate all members of the organization.

The importance of industrial safety was realized because millions of industrial accidents occur which result in either death or in temporary or permanent disablement of employees and involve large amount of losses resulting from danger to property, wasted man hours and wasted hours.

Moreover, from managerial perspective the importance of industrial safety in any organization may be concluded by following facilitation:

a) Hazards identification.

b) Treatment: industrial safety management provides treatment for injuries and illness at the work place.

c) Medical Examination: it carries out medical examination of staff joining the organization or returning to work after sickness or accident.

d) Provision of protective devices.

e) Education: it provides safety and health training.

Industrial Safety International strives to provide quality, cost effective, health, safety and environmental solutions to the community and industry with the utmost integrity.

A safety programmed includes mainly following four E’s.

• Engineering: i.e. safety at the design, equipment installation stage.

• Education: i.e. education of employees in safe practices.

• Enlistment: it concerns the attitude of the employees and management towards the programmed and its purpose. It is necessary to arouse the interest of employees in accident prevention and safety consciousness.

• Encouragement: i.e. to enforce adherence to safe rules and practice followed by formal report, action plan and subsequent monitoring.

Applying industrial safety means keeping your employees free from harm while on your workplace. Maintaining industrial safety has never been easy if you will just follow the regulations set by the Federal Occupational Safety and Hazard Administration or OSHA.

D. 1. Discuss the objectives of industrial safety. You may use the following: on the one hand, on the other hand, as a matter of fact

D. 2. Prove that the importance of industrial safety in any organization may be concluded by following facilitation: a) Hazards identification; b) Treatment: industrial safety management provides treatment for injuries and illness at the work place; c) Provision of protective devices.

B. 5. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle

1. The newly built blocks of flats and houses have all modern conveniences making our life more and more comfortable. 2. People in the super cities suffer from polluted environment. 3. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and even death. 4. Pollution can be gradually reduced in several ways. 5. The houses in ancient Egypt were built of bricks dried in the sun. 6. Unless properly treated the metal must not be applied for space technology. 7. The results obtained differed depending on the substance. 8. Clay loses its plasticity when heated to 450° C.

B. 6. Translate the sentences

1. This man can be relied upon. 2. Paper is written or printed on. 3. This problem was not spoken about. 4. The moving car is actually acted upon by various forces. 5. The practices currently followed in the United States are given in Ref. 72. 6. The behaviour of employees will be influenced or determined by what behaviours are rewarded and acceptable within the workplace. 7. The subject of the Congress was "Occupational Safety" with discussions on various aspects of operation on the first day, followed by visits to some of the major contracts on the following day.

B. 7. Translate the sentences

1. Zink is cheaper than other metals. 2. If the molecules of one of the objects are lighter than the molecules of the other, the lighter molecules will have the greater average speed. 3. As technology, resources, social expectation or regulatory requirements change, hazard analysis focuses controls more closely toward the source of the hazard. 4. In designing a building one should take care that most comfortable living conditions are created. 5. The greatest part of the matter around us is liquid or gas. 6. The more you read, the more you know. 7. Water is one of the most common things in our life.

C. 2. Read the text Simple tips to follow on industrial safety and then discuss it with your partner

Following the regulations of OSHA will definitely minimize the risk of industrial injuries or harm to occur. Even though, each industry will have their own designed regulations to follow, below are some of the general regulation that every industry must follow.

Take extra care when handling your industrial supplies – those who are into highly technical occupation will most likely be exposed to different equipments, which can possibly cause severe injury or harm if not used properly. In order for your workers to have enough knowledge about the equipment proper training in getting to know how to use the equipment is important. A supervisor can also be of big help in supervising employees when using such equipments.

Continuous learning about work safety standards – always refresh your knowledge about the ongoing and the latest standards on work safety and stick into them. Working safely is as simple as wearing your hard hat, protective gloves and eye shields, and more.

Respecting regulated barriers – Your job may require you to be on a specific location and keep away from other work location for safety purposes.

glove перчатка hard твердый likely вероятно though хотя	below ниже, внизу occupation занятие shield щит, экран tip намек, совет			care забота, уход; заботиться properly должным образом refresh освежать, оживлять supervise руководить
handling транспортировка severe суровый, строгий wear – wore - worn носить		minimize преуменьшать, доводить до минимума stick - stuck – stuck накалывать, наклеивать supplies продовольствие, припасы, вариант
proper должный, подходящий			ongoing действующий, существующий

expose выставлять, подвергать воздействию (атмосферы)

С. 3. Read the text Industrial Safety using a dictionary

Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization of complex processes or systems.

Industrial safety is usually a complex technical subject and depends to a large extent on the technical knowledge and competence of designers, constructors and operators. A plant designed by a technically competent and safety conscious team of engineers throughout is usually a safe plant, but one flaw in the team's knowledge and expertise can result in hidden dangers which the safety specialist is frequently incapable of recognizing.

Industrial Safety constitutes a cross-cutting field of knowledge which provides an important value in all European industry sectors, especially with the aim to develop new technologies and products.

Industrial safety systems are crucial in any hazardous plants such as oil and gas plants and nuclear plants. They are used to protect human, plant, and environment in case the process goes beyond the control margins. As the name suggests, these systems are not intended for controlling the process itself but rather protection. Process control is performed by means of process control systems (PCS) and is interlocked by the safety systems.

Safety engineering is an applied science that is a subset of engineering responsible for identifying problems early in designs and recommending solutions.