2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, поставив глагол в нужную форму.

1. A consortium of energy firms and international shipping companies (to manage-Future Indefinite Active) the initiative, and a memorandum of understanding (to expect-Present Simple Passive) to be signed within three months. 2. Establishment of the pipeline (to bring-Future Indefinite Active) an increase of 20 percent in the amount of oil moving in the Mediterranean area. 3. Shipment through the Suez Canal (to limit-Present Simple Passive) to tankers with a maximum capacity of 130,000 tons. 4. The Pipeline Company (to consider-Present Continuous Active) participation in this $1.5-billion project as well, together with other international energy firms. 5. The initiative (to include- Simple Present Active) construction of a reservoir farm for storage of oil in Ceihan.

3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, выбрав правильную форму сказуемого (Active or Passive).

1. The board of directors (has approved; has been approved) expansion of reservoir farm on the Ashkelon coastline by 20 percent. 2. The pipeline (uses; is used) to transport some 30 million tons of top quality `Azeri Light` crude oil annually. 3. According to our study, these systems (use; are used) in Russia most frequently. 4. The cost (expects; is expected) to reach an estimated $200-$300 million, and the company is already in final stages of partnership negotiations with Turkish firms and an Indian energy company. 5. Modern computer-aided pipe work design systems (CAD) (are applying; are being applied) to 3D-modelling more and more actively.

4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

1. The chair of the Pipeline Company told that initiative would constitute a breakthrough for the global energy market and the fabric of international relations. 2. The editor commented when that pipeline was built it brought oil northwards, more recently the pipeline had been adapted to transfer oil south. 3. Chief Strategist at Ural Equity Research considers that as a negative for the Russian oil industry in the short term, but in the long term, it could turn positive. 4. They underlined Russia could turn the situation to its political and economic advantage. 5. Chris Weafer wrote in his daily equity research letter with no further tax cuts planned for the oil industry, new Transneft projects such as the East Siberian-Pacific Ocean pipeline and the second stage of the Baltic pipeline system might lack crude volumes.

5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на неопределенные местоимения и их производные.

1. Some Russian-based publishers print around 2, 000 copies, and circulate less. 2. Do you know anything about the business practices that technology is supposed to model? 3. At least you can get some idea of the cost you are paying per 1, 000 readers for your advertising. 4. At least his approach has some logic to it. 5. It will be too bad if no advertiser see any results. 6. No one can tell me how to make any of these presentations happen on a practical level.

6. Прочтите и переведите текст

Kerosine

Kerosine, or paraffin oil as it is often called in the UK, was for fifty years the most important petroleum product. Al­though it has long lost its leading place to gasoline, it is still in considerable demand. Its use as an illuminant persists in many parts of the world, the development of clean, efficient burners has increased its demand for domestic heating and cooking and still more recently the development of turbo-prop and turbo-jet aircraft has resulted in a con­siderable increase in consumption.

Kerosine, as produced in the refinery, is a colourless liquid, but commercial grades are sometimes dyed. It is less volatile and less inflammable than gasoline, boiling between 140-300^o C (285-570^o F), thus overlapping the gasoline range.

Kerosines with a high content of aromaties are unsuitable in lamps or while-flame appliances with wicks since they cause -smoking. For such uses the kerosine is treated to reduce the aromatic content, leaving a. predominantly paraffinic product (p. 90). The sulphur content must also be kept as low as possible.

For use as a tractor fuel kerosine must have as high an octane number as possible, and the inclusion of aromaties, which have high ON, is advantageous. Grades suitable for use in tractors arc marketed as tractor vaporizing oil and preferably have a high aromatic content.

For aviation purposes two widely different grades are used, a low-freezing point kerosine and a wide-range distil­late (a kerosine including gasoline fractions). Both are rigidly controlled by official British and USA specifications.

Тема для устной работы.

My specialty

Our University trains specialists for oil and gas industry. As we know oil and gas play a very important role in the development of industry and our everyday life. They are used both as fuel and as raw materials for chemical industry. Metallurgy, machine building, chemical, industry, power engineering, transport and other branches can not do without oil and

I will be a mechanical engineer (an oil and gas processing engineer). I think I will work at a refinery or at a research institute. A refinery is a petroleum processing plant. It consists of 1) stills (перегонный куб) in which oil is distilled; 2) condensers (coolers) to cool the product after it comes off the stills; 3) agitators (мешалки) for the treatment(обработка) of the condensed products to remove bad odours (запахи) and impurities; 4) filters are used to filter oil ; 5) tanks - to store the final products after treatment in the agitators.

The process of oil refinery is based on the fact that different oil runnings (фракции) have different boiling points . Crude oil is run (поступает) into the still, heated and vaporized.

After graduation from the university our task will be to design new equipment for refineries, improve the existing equipment or maintain it.