Thermal Analysis of Polymeric Materials

poly[oxy-1,4(3-methylphenylene)- ethylene-1,4- phenyleneoxytetramethylene] 791

poly[oxy-1,4(3-methylphenylene)- ethylene-1,4-phenyleneoxy- undecamethylene] 792

poly(oxyoctamethylene) 128, 783 heat capacity 129, 130, 132 melting data 544

poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene) 789, 21 letter abbreviation 17

poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-oxy-1,4- phenylene-carbonyl-1,4- phenylene) 791

crystallization 270, 271, 271 glass transition, change on

crystallization 693

melting by DSC, TMDSC, TMDMA 668–672, 669–672

rigid-amorphous fraction 693, 694,

694

reversing behavior 650 poly(oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxyxylyleneoxy-

1,4-phenyleneoxyundeca- methylene), mesogen 563

condis structure 567–569 DSC cooling traces 568

poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-sulfonyl-1,4- phenylene) 793

poly[oxy-1,4-phenylene-sulfonyl-1,4- phenylene-oxy-1,4- phenylene-(1-methylidene)- 1,4-phenylene] 793

poly(oxypropylene) 783

crystal, linear growth rate 249 letter abbreviation 17

melting peak , dependence on Tc

663 poly(oxytetramethylene) 128, 783

heat capacity 129, 130, 132 melting, by TMDSC 266

data 544

reversing behavior 650 supercooling 266

poly(oxytrimethylene) 128, 783 heat capacity 129, 130, 132

poly(oxy-1,4-m-xylylene), see: poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4- phenylene)

polypentadecanolactone 132, 785

heat capacity, liquid 133 poly(pentamethylene terephthalate) 145 poly(1-pentene) 780

melting data 544 poly(L-phenylalanine) 788 poly(p-phenylene) 24, 789 class of molecule 8

letter abbreviation 17 poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole),

ultimate strength 534 poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole),

ultimate strength 534 poly(phenylene oxide), see: poly(oxy-

1,4-phenylene) poly(phenylene sulfide), see: poly(thio-

1,4-phenylene) letter abbreviation 17

poly(1,4-phenylene sulfonyl) 793 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) 26

step reaction 197, 198 ultimate strength 534

poly(1-phenylethylene), see: polystyrene

poly(4-phenyl-1-pentene), melting data

544 poly(4,4'-phthaloimidobenzoyldodeca-

methyleneoxycarbonyl), mesogen of 563

DSC cooling trace 567 mesophase structure 566, 567

TMDSC isotropization analysis 568 poly(4,4'-phthaloimidobenzoylnona-

methyleneoxycarbonyl), mesogen 563

DSC cooling trace 567 mesophase structure 566, 567

poly(pivalolactone) 786 poly(L-proline) 788 poly(1-propene sulfone) 793 poly( -propiolactone) 132, 785

heat capacity, liquid 133 melting data 545

poly[(2-propyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6- diyl)methylene], letter abbreviation 17

synthesis 15, 16, 16, 20 polypropylene 18, 780,

class of molecule 8

crystal, linear growth rate 249 nucleation 246, 246, 717 table of nucleation data 248

crystallinity, by X-ray diffraction 513, 514

etching 235 helix, 466

potential energy 466

within crystals 467, 472, 473,

473

Kuhn length 48 letter abbreviation 17

melting, see: polypropylene, stereoisomers, melting

mesophase glass 561, 562, 561, 644, 645

phase, areas 594, 594

diagram with pentaerythrityl tetrabromide 716, 716, 717

pVT diagram 299, 299 stereoisomers 23

melting of iPP 544, 644–647,

644–646

melting of sPP 647, 648,

647–649

reversing behavior 650 TMDSC, DSC, and X-ray analyses

644–648, 644–649 poly(propylene oxide), see:

poly(oxypropylene) poly(propylene-co-styrene), blocky 229 poly(propylene terephthalate), see:

poly(trimethylene

terephthalate) polypyromellitimide 232 poly(L-serine) 788 polystyrene 782, 19

cross-linked with divinyl benzene

698

crystal, linear growth rate 249 emulsion polymerization 217 foam, letter abbreviation 17 glass transition 140, 406

activation parameters 601 analysis 600–604, 602–604,

683–685, 684, 685

by TMDSC 388–392, 389–391,

600, 684

cooling-rate dependence 683 hysteresis, data 598 molar-mass dependence 193 network effects 698, 699, 699 of solutions with poly( -methyl-

styrene) by DSC 764, 765

partial solubility, and 765, 766,

766

pressure effect 690–692,

690–692

separation from hysteresis 389, 390, 389, 390

size effect 605, 605, 606, 606 heat capacity 139, 140, 140

TMDSC 366–369, 367, 368 helix within crystals 467 high-impact 235

letter abbreviation 17

in polymer-supported chemistry 237, 237

Kuhn length 48 letter abbreviation 17

lifetime, by TGA 447, 447, 448 melting, data of 544

peak temperature, dependence on crystallization temperature 661, 661

Young’s modulus 405,406, 406 Zimm plot 56–57

poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), glass transition, change with sequence distribution 763, 763

letter abbreviation 17 poly(styrene-block-1,4-butadiene), molar

mass and amphiphilic structure 747

lamellar superstructure 511, 511 poly(styrene-co-1,4-butadiene), 229

glass transition 140, 759, 759, 760 heat capacity 139, 140, 140

letter abbreviation 17 poly(styrene-block-1,4-butadiene-block-

styrene), amphiphilic liquid crystal 485

crystal-like superstructure 483–485,

484, 485 poly(styrene- -co-methyl methacrylate),

glass transition description with the Barton equation 766, 767

poly(styrene-block- -methylstyrene), glass transitions 768–771,

769–771

size effect 669–771, 770 polysulfides, regular copolymers, melt-

ing for different CH2-group length 757, 757

polyterephthalates, TMDSC 628–634,

628–634

see also: PET, PTT, PBT, PPT polytetrafluoroethylene 20, 781

class of molecule 8 decomposition by TGA 232 double endotherms 134, 135, 594 entropy of fusion 134, 544

heat capacity 134, 135 letter abbreviation 17 melting data 544

mesophase transition 134, 135, 174 549–551, 550, 551

TMDSC of 550 phase, areas 594, 594

diagram 550 reversing behavior 650 shear stress 550, 551 Theta temperature, 134

poly(tetrafluoroethylene-alt-isobutylene) 229

poly(tetramethyl-p-silphenylene siloxane), crystal, linear growth rate 249

polythene, see: polyethylene poly(thio-1,4-phenylene) 789 letter abbreviation 17

rigid-amorphous fraction 694, 694 polytridecanolactone 132, 785

heat capacity, liquid 133 polytrifluoroethylene 781

letter abbreviation 17 poly(trimethylene adipate) 132, 786

heat capacity, liquid 133 poly(trimethylene succinate) 132, 786

heat capacity, liquid 133 poly(trimethylene terephthalate) 790

letter abbreviation 17

melting, by TMDSC 629–631, 630,

631 parameters 628

reversing behavior 650 poly[trioxyethylene-oxy-(1,3-

phenylene)-(4,4'-oxy- diphthalimide)-1,4-phenyl- ene] 791

poly(L-tryptophan) 788 poly(L-tyrosine) 788 polyundecanolactone 132, 785

heat capacity, liquid 133 polyurea 197, 198

regular copolymers, melting for different CH2-group length 757, 757, 758

polyurethane 197, 198

lower limit of chain folding 490,

492

regular copolymers, melting for different CH2-group length 757, 758

poly(vinyl butyral), see: poly[(2-propyl- 1,3-dioxane-4,6-diyl)- methylene]

poly(vinyl chloride) 781 class of molecule 8

glass transitions of solutions with poly( -capolactone) 764 decomposition by TGA 232, 232

emulsion polymerization 217 glass transition by DMA 423, 423,

424

letter abbreviation 17 TMA of 408, 409, 408

poly(vinyl cyclopentane), helix within crystal 467

poly(vinyl ester)s, with long side-chains, melting of 755, 756

poly(vinyl-p-ethyl benzoate) 782 poly(vinyl fluoride) 781, 19

isomorphism in crystals 481 letter abbreviation 17

poly(vinylidene chloride) 20, 781 poly(vinylidene fluoride) 781

glass transitions with solutions of poly(methyl methacrylate)

764

isomorphism in crystals 481 letter abbreviation 17 melting, data 544

peak, dependence on crystallization 661, 662

poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-vinyl fluoride), repeating unit isomorphism

poly(vinyl-p-isopropyl benzoate) 782 poly(vinyl methyl ketone), helix within

crystal 467

poly(vinyl naphthalene), helix within crystal 467

poly(vinyl stearate), copolymers, with long and short side-chains, melting of 755, 756

poly(p-xylylene) 789 conformational energy 43 letter abbreviation 17

molecular mechanics calculation 42 POM, see: poly(oxymethylene)

PO3M, see: poly(oxytrimethylene) PO4M, see: poly(oxytetramethylene) PO8M, see: poly(oxyoctamethylene) POMOE, see: poly(oxymethylene-

oxyethylene)

POMO4M, see: poly(oxymethyleneoxytetramethylene)

PON, see: poly(2,6-hydroxynaphthoic acid) and polyoxynaphthoate

potassium, bromide, melting parameters

541

chloride, melting parameters 541 ethylsulfate, TMA of 408, 408 fluoride, melting parameters 541 iodide, melting parameters 541 melting parameters 539

POTM, see: poly(oxytetramethylene) PP, see: polypropylene

PPDL, see: polypentadecanolactone PPDX, see: poly-p-dioxanone

PPO®, see: poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4- phenylene)

PPL, see: poly( -propiolactone) PPP, see: poly(p-phenylene)

PPS, see: poly(thio-1,4-phenylene) PPT, see: poly(pentamethylene

terephthalate) PPX, see: poly(p-xylylene)

praseodymium dioxide, decomposition, TGA 438, 439, 439

praseodymium nitrate hexahydrate, decomposition, TGA 441,

441, 442 propane 793

estimate of the heat of formation

324

melting parameters 543 propene, see: propylene propylene, reaction type 212 2,2'-propylidene-bis(1,2-epoxy-2-

phenoxyethane) 798 2,2'-propylidene-bis(1,2-epoxy-3-

phenoxypropane) 798 polymerized with 0.2 moles of 1,2-

epoxy-3-phenoxypropane-(1- methylidene)-1,4-phenylene- oxy(2-propanol), prepreg of

798

4,4'(2,2'-propylidene)diphenol 798 protein, class of molecule 8

crystal, of moleculed of globular structure 483

of molecules with a fibrous structure 480

heat capacity 127, 128, 137 synthesis 218

water content in crystals 483 PS, see: polystyrene

P(S-alt-AN), see also: poly(styrene-co- acrylonitrile)

pseudocumene, see: 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene

PTDL, see: polytridecanolactone PTFE, see: polytetrafluoroethylene PTMA, see: poly(trimethylene adipate) PTMS, see: poly(trimethylene

succinate)

PTT, see: poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

PUDL, see: polyundecanolactone PVA, see: poly(vinyl alcohol) PVAc, see: poly(vinyl acetate) PVC, see: poly(vinyl chloride) PVL, see: poly( -valerolactone) PVF, see: poly(vinyl fluoride) PVF2, see: poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Q

quartz 25 expansivity 295

R

rayon, see: cellulose ribbon polymer 26, 26 ribonuclease 189, 190, 190 rubber, natural 10, 11

elasticity and structure data 580 see also: 1,4-poly(2-methyl

butadiene), cis

rubidium, bromide, melting parameters

541

chloride, melting parameters 541 fluoride, melting parameters 541 iodide, melting parameters 541 vulcanization 233

S

salicylic acid, see: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid

salts, Debye temperatures and heat capacities 114, 115

sapphire 339

heat capacity 339,349, 340 Lissajous figure 386, 386 thermochemical data 323 TMDSC, mass dependence 375,

375

seeds for polypropylene crystallization 248

selenium 793

crystal structure 471, 472, 471 heat capacity, liquid 138–139, 139 helix, structure 465, 465

packing in crystal 472 hole equilibrium 139, 139 melting data 544

ring-chain equilibrium 138–139,

139

spherulite, hedgehog 500, 501 silicate glass class of molecule 8 silane, see: silicon tetrahydride silica gel, in polymer supported

chemistry 237, 237 silicon, disulfide 25

atomization, heat of 324 tetrahydride, melting parameters

539

silver 443

for calorimetry 312, 314 for DSC 332, 334

melting parameters 538

nitrate, TGA and DTA 443, 443 oxide 443

sodium, bromide, melting parameters

541

carbonate, thermochemical data

323 chloride 8

melting parameters 541 crystal structure 456 coordination number in crystal

of 472 thermochemical data 323

fluoride, melting parameters 541 iodide, melting parameters 541 melting parameters 538

sulfate, thermochemical data 323-temperature 111 thermochemical data 323

sPP, see: polypropylene, stereoisomer (syndiotactic)

starch, glass transition 142, 143, 143 heat capacity 142–144

dry and with water 143 stearate, sodium 169

steam distillation 101 steel, see also: iron

bulk modulus 405 ultimate strength 534

strontiom, melting parameters 538 sulfur 234

atomization, heat of 324 glass, ultimate strength 534

hexafluoride, melting parameters

542

Surlin®, see: poly(methyl acrylate-co- ethylene)

styrene, reaction type 212 syndiotacticity 24

T

TCB, see: 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene Teflon®, see: polytetrafluoroethylene tetra-n-butylammonium, bromide 797

iodide 798 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, phase dia-

gram with polyethylene, 714–716, 715, 716

tetrachlorosilane, melting parameters

542

tetracosane 795 tetradecane 794

heat capacity of solid 327 tetra-n-decylammonium bromide 797 tetra-n-dodecylammonium bromide 797

iodide 798

tetrafluoroethylene, reaction type 212 tetrafluoromethane, melting parameters,

539 tetra-n-heptylammonium bromide 797

iodide 798 tetra-n-hexadecylammonium bromide

797 tetra-n-hexylammonium bromide 797

iodide 798 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, diluent

for polyethylene 715 tetralin, see: 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

naphthalene [2,2',6,6'-tetramethyl-1,1'(2-oxy-1,2-

epoxyethane)]4,4'-biphenyl

798 tetra-n-octadecylammonium bromide

797 tetra-n-octylammonium bromide 797 tetra-n-pentylammonium bromide 797

iodide 798 tetra-n-propylammonium, bromide 797

iodide 797 tetratetracontane 796

thallium carboxylates, phases of the homologous series 562, 562

thiophene, melting parameters 542 tin, melting, parameters 538

temperature 340 titanium, melting parameters 538 TlX, see: thallium carboxylate

trichloromethane, melting parameters

542 tridecane 794

trifluoroethane, melting parameters 542 trifluoromethane, melting parameters

542

1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, melting parameters 540

tritriacontane 795

trioxane, crystallization during polymerization 273–275, 275

tungsten, melting parameters 539 two-dimensional, flexible polymers 26

U

undecane 794

melting parameters 543 uranium, melting parameters 539 urea 6

heat of fusion 339

V

vanadium, melting parameters 539 Vectra™, see: poly(oxybenzoate-co-

oxynaphthoate)

N-vinyl carbazole, reaction type 212 vinyl chloride, reaction type 212 vinyl ester, reaction type 212

vinyl ether, reaction type 212 vinyl fluoride, reaction type 212

vinylidene, reaction type 212 chloride N-vinylpyrrolidone, reaction type 212 virus, tobacco necrosis, crystal structure

166

W

water, bulk modulus 405 crystal morphology 456 class of molecule 8 melting parameters 542 pVT diagram 300, 301 thermochemical data 323 transition temperature 340

X

xenon, melting parameters 538

Z

zinc, melting, parameters 539 temperature 340

zirconium, melting parameters 539

A

acknowledgments VIII ADMET 197

Advanced THermal AnalysiS, see: ATHAS

affine deformation 405 AFM 270, 829, 829

for local melting 269, 270

for mass determination 67, 508,

508, 573, 574

for surface analysis 511, 511 see also: microcalorimeter

amorphous phase, see: phase, amorphous

analysis, dielectric thermal, see: DETA differential thermal, see: DTA dynamic differential thermal, see:

DDTA

dynamic mechanical, see: DMA thermomechanical, see: TMA

Analytical Chemistry 331 anharmonicity 111, 303 annealing 655-666, 655–665 asymmetry correction 103 ATHAS 79, 121–128, 144, 145

addition scheme of heat capacities 144, 145

applications 134–145, 134–143 Data Bank VII, 144, 777–800

atom model, solid or hard-sphere 37, 301–303, 302

united 43

atomic force microscopy, see: AFM Avogadro’s number 428

B

backbiting 24 birefringence 850 Black 306

blend 725

boiling point elevation 58–62, 59–62 100, 100

solvents for 60

boiling temperature, see: temperature, boiling

Boltzmann 94

distribution 106, 106, 815 bond, directiveness 4, 5, 5

chemical 4 strength 4 types 4, 5 weak 5, 5

bonding, molecular 3–5, 3–5 Bowditch curves, see: Lissajous figures branching coefficient 231

Bravais lattices 457, 458, 458 Bridgman 4

Bunsen 307

ice calorimeter 307, 308 burette 295, 296

Burgers vector 519, 520

C

calculation, dynamics, molecular 43–47, 44–47

mechanics, molecular 41–43, 42,

43

Monte Carlo 40, 40, 41, 41

caloric 1, 1, 2, 2, 72, 73–75, 304 calorie 304

calorimeter, 78, 307 aneroid 307, 308, 310

adiabatic 101–104, 307, 312, 313 scanning 317, 317

bomb or reaction 309, 309 compensating 314–317, 315

see also: microcalorimeter of Tian and Calvet

differential scanning, see: DSC drop calorimeter 307–309, 308 ice 305, 306, 306, 308 isoperibol 307–310, 318, 318

scanning, twin 307 isothermal 307–310

liquid 308–310, 309, 318, 319 modern 317–319, 317–319 principle 304–307, 305, 306 scanning 307

twin 307 calorimetry 77, 77

adiabatic 312–314, 313, 414 loss determination 313, 314

applications 319–329, 320–322,

324–329

differential scanning, see: DSC loss calculation 310–312, 310, 311 temperature-modulated differential

scanning, see: TMDSC Carnot 74

Carothers 197 cathetometer 296, 297 CD, see: condis crystal

CED, (cohesive energy density) 183, 544–547, 544, 545

Celsius 281

chapter, summaries VI char formation 232

chemical, potential 99, 99, 708, 709 chemical reaction, analysis by TMDSC

402, 403, 402, 403 identification by DTA 351–354,

353, 354 chemistry 7

polymer-supported 237, 237 chiral carbon atom 848

chromatography, size-exclusion 62–63,

63

Clausius 74

clock, atomic, or cesium-133 283, 284

CN, see: coordination number cohesive energy density, see: CED cold crystallization 251, 386, 387 coil, random, see: flight, random colloid 9–10, 167

component, thermodynamic 705 compressibility 105, 404, 404

condis crystal 165–167, 167, 171, 171 examples 174, 174, 175

see also: Sect. 5.5, pp. 547–571 motion in 551, 552, 552

see also: mesophase conductivity, electric 285–287, 286 configuration 463, 466, 848 conformation 463, 849

gauche 39, 39

by IR spectroscopy 85, 87

by molecular dynamics simulation 47, 87, 525–527,

525–527

see also: macroconformation trans 39, 39

conformational, disorder 552, 558–561 motion 121, 551, 552

conservation, of energy 76 of mass 76

cooling curve 62, 290, 290 291

by molecular dynamics calculation 85–88, 85–87

coordination number 302, 303 of helices 472, 472

of ions 472 copolymer 22, 22

azeotropic 228, 229 alternating 22, 228, 228, 229 block 22, 228, 229 composition, diagram 228

ratio 227–229, 228 crystallization 481–483, 482, 483,

727–729, 728, 731, 731, 731

732

theory, cold crystallization 731–733, 731, 732, 733

theory, eutectic 726–730,

727–730

theory, solid solution 730, 731 equation for synthesis 227–229,

227, 228 feed ratio 227

glass transition, see: transition, glass

graft 22, 23, 235, 235, 236 melting, see: melting, of

copolymers nomenclature 22, 22, 23, 23 random 23, 228, 229 reactivity ratio 227, 227 regular 22

synthesis, see: reaction, copolymer, chain or step

creep 414, 415

critical temperature, see: temperature, critical

critical length for molecular nucleation 254, 255, 265, 266, 266

cross-linking, chemical, to avoid crystal reorganization 658, 659, 680, 680, 681, 681

for gelation 231, 231, 232 rubber 233, 234, 234–236

with ionizing radiation 234, 235, 658, 659, 680, 680, 681

CRU, see: repeating unit, constitutional cryoscopy 61–62, 62

crystal 165, 166, 238, 455–457, 456,

457

annealing and recrystallization 655–666, 655–665

avoiding by fast heating and cross-linking 268, 269, 269, 612, 614, 658, 659, 679–681, 680, 681

block copolymer, irregular motifs of 483–485, 484, 485, 511, 511

chain-folded 487, 487 chain-folding principle, of

macromolecular 487, 488 columnar 552, 552

condis, see: condis crystal defect 511–535

amorphous 517, 517 chain disorder 516, 519

computer simulation of 87, 524–530, 524–530 dislocation 251, 252, 252, 517–524, 519–523

energy 86

gauche 525–527, 525–527 grain boundaries 517, 518 kink (2g1) 516, 523, 608 kink, formation mechanism

525–527, 527

crystal, defect, point 516, 519 twist 524, 524, 527 types 516–524, 516–522

deformation 530–533, 531–533 dendritic 497–499, 497–499 elements and salts, Debye tempera-

tures and heat capacities

114, 115

enthalpy decrease, hierarchy 468, 469

etching 502, 503

extended-chain 487, 487, 509, 510 fibrillar 503–507, 504–507 fold-length, of the 488–493,

489–492 theory 493

fringed micellar 487, 488 growth, directional 256–257, 257

experiments 264–275 faces 493

habit 486, 486 helical-lattice-based 468

helix, orientation in 472, 473, 473 inclination 474

homologous series, of 480 index, see: Miller index isometric 508–511, 508–510 isodimorphism 481 isomorphism 481–483, 482, 483

types of 481

of copolymers 481–483, 482,

483

jump-motion in 555–558, 556, 557 lamellar 493–497, 493–496

lattice 457, 457

liquid, see: liquid, crystal microscopic image 166 melting, see: melting, of crystals mesophase, see: mesophase morphology 486–511, 586, 587,

589–511 equilibrium 487, 656

nucleation, see: nucleation nanophase separation, within 169,

170, 553, 553

packing, in 468–471, 469–472, 474–482

plastic, see: plastic crystal pleated 493, 494, 494, 495

polar and nonpolar chains, in 480, 481, 481

property, structure sensitive or insensitive 512, 512

see also: mesophase

shish-kebab morphology 503, 504 staining 502

structure 455–457, 456 with helices 471–476,

471–476, 478, 478, 480, 480 with zig-zag chains 469–471,

470, 476–481, 477, 479,

481, 482, 504, 505, 505 spherulite 238–240, 239, 240,

499–503, 500–502 twin boundaries 496

unit cells 457–458, 458

see also: crystal, structure crystallinity, analysis 512–516,

513–515 baseline from 516

by calorimetry 355, 356, 632–634,

632, 633, 634

by X-ray diffraction 513, 513, 514 by IR analysis 514, 515, 515 volume fraction 261, 261

weight fraction 512, 512 crystallization, cold 251

during polymerization 189, 201–206, 202, 206, 273, 488, 510, 511

diffusion control 257–259, 258,

259

directional dependence of 256, 257, 257

free growth approximation 260, 261, 261

kinetics, by DSC 269, 271 nonperiodic layer model 745 paracrystalline lattice model 746 rate, comparison to recrystallization

663, 665

linear 249, 249, 255–256, 256 regimes 273, 274 reversibility 255, 256, 268

see also: equation, Avrami similarity to chain-growth

polymerization 238 spherulitic 238–240, 239, 240,

259–263, 260, 261, 262, 497–503, 597–503

under strain 581–583, 582, 583 curing 402, 403

dielectric constant, see: permittivity differential thermal analysis, see: DTA

and check also DSC differential scanning calorimetry, see:

DSC

differential thermogravimetry, see DTGA