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ENGLISH_ASSESSMENT_TESTS(1).doc ТЕСТЫ АНГЛ..doc
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1. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Nature studying and mathematics were of great help for early agriculture development.

  1. в тексте нет информации

  2. ложным

  3. истинным

2. Определите, является ли утверждение:

The main purpose of farming development in ancient societies was to provide food for domestic animals.

  1. истинным

  2. в тексте нет информации

  3. ложным

3. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Ancient civilizations had different regional and climatic conditions and it affected the specific development of agriculture.

  1. истинным

  2. ложным

  3. в тексте нет информации

4. Определите, является ли утверждение:

The best place for permanent ancient communities were forests and mountains.

  1. истинным

  2. ложным

  3. в тексте нет информации

5. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

The development of agriculture caused the appearance of new materials that replaced the ones used before.

  1. 3

  2. 2

  3. 1

  4. 4

6. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

Some forms of writing were necessary to make some records on housekeeping.

  1. 1

  2. 4

  3. 2

  4. 3

7. Ответьте на вопрос:

Why do we consider farming to be revolutionary?

  1. The process of constant migration was promoted by the farming.

  2. Farming became dependable on water supply and rainfalls.

  3. It was farming that stated the intensive development of Maths as a science.

  4. It provided people with constant food supply, the number of people increased, towns began to grow.

8. Определите основную идею текста.

  1. At the early stage the decisive factor for rapid development of civilization was fast outgrowth of agriculture.

  2. The intensive growth of sciences was the main reason for revolutionary farming.

  3. The regional and climatic conditions influenced the development of towns and cities.

  4. The foundation of a civilized society was searching for food and herding animals.

TEXT 6

Global Biodiversity Crisis

(1) Biodiversity is the sum of all the different species of animals, plants, fungi, and microbial organisms living on Earth and the variety of habitats in which they live. Scientists estimate that upwards of 10 million – and some suggest more than 100 million – different species inhabit the Earth. Each species is adapted to its unique niche in the environment, from the peaks of mountains to the depths of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and from polar ice caps to tropical rain forests.

(2) Most biologists accept the estimate of American evolutionary biologist Edward O. Wilson that the Earth is losing approximately 27,000 species per year. This estimate is based primarily on the rate of disappearance of ecosystems, especially tropical forests and grasslands, and our knowledge of the species that live in such systems. We can measure the rate of loss of tropical rain forests, for example, by analyzing satellite photographs of continents from different periods that show rates and amounts of habitat destruction – and from these measurements calculate the approximate number of species being lost each year.

(3) This extraordinary rate of extinction has occurred only five times before in the history of complex life on Earth. Mass extinctions of the geological past were caused by catastrophic physical disasters, such as climate changes or meteorite impacts, which destroyed and disrupted ecosystems around the globe. In the fifth mass extinction, which occurred more than 65 million years ago, the Earth was shrouded in a cloud of atmospheric dust - the result of meteorite impact or widespread volcanic activity. The resulting environmental disruption caused the demise of 76 percent of all species alive at the time, including the dinosaurs.

(4) Today’s sixth extinction is likewise primarily caused by ecosystem disturbance – but this time the destroying force is not the physical environment, but rather humankind. The human transformation of the Earth’s surface threatens to be every bit as destructive as any of the past cataclysmic physical disasters.

(Microsoft Encarta, 2008)

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