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☆
79
G. Hughes et al., Sjögren’s Syndrome in Clinical Practice,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-06059-0,
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014

Index

A
Aluminium , 76
Anaemia test , 66
Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
test , 63–64
Apoptosis , 76
Artifi cial tears , 54–55
Autonomic neuropathy , 37
Azathioprine , 60
B
Biologics , 61–62
Bladder problems , 31
Blood tests , 43
anaemia , 66
antibodies
anti-nuclear antibody test ,
63–64
extractable nuclear
antigens , 64
C-reactive protein , 65
cryoglobulins , 66–67
erythrocyte sedimentation
rate , 65
full blood count , 65
rheumatoid factor , 66
C
Coeliac artery stenosis , 29, 30
Coeliac disease , 28
Congenital heart block , 50, 51
C-reactive protein , 65
Cryoglobulinemia , 51
Cryoglobulins , 66–67
CT scan , 44–45
Cyclophosphamide , 60–61
D
Drug treatment
azathioprine , 60
biologics , 61–62
cyclophosphamide , 60–61
mepacrine , 59
methotrexate , 61
mycophenolate mofetil , 61
plaquenil
(hydroxychloroquine) ,
57–59
steroids , 59–60
Dry mouth
lack of salivary secretions ,
11, 12
treatment , 55–56
E
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
(ESR) , 65
Extractable nuclear
antigens (ENA)
test , 64
80
Eye involvement , 1
diagnostic tests
Schirmer’s test , 9
slit lamp examination , 9–10
signs , 8
symptoms , 7–8
F
Fibromyalgia , 51–52
Food allergies , 28–29
G
Gut
small and large bowel
coeliac disease , 28
food allergies , 28–29
Hughes syndrome , 29, 30
low thyroid , 29
pancreas , 29–30
stomach , 27
swallowing , 27
H
Hepatitis C infection , 75
HIV infection , 75
Hughes syndrome , 29, 30, 47–48
I
Interstitial lung disease , 15–16
Interstitial nephritis , 32, 33
J
Jacoud’s arthropathy , 40–41
K
Kidney disease
interstitial nephritis , 32, 33
nephrocalcinosis , 32, 33
therapy , 34
L
Lip biopsy , 13, 70–71
Lissamine green test , 69
Livedo reticularis , 23–25
Lymphoma
B cell lymphoma , 45–46
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
hepatosplenomagaly , 44
para-aortic lymph nodes , 45
M
Mepacrine , 59
Methotrexate , 61
MRI scanning
myositis , 41–42
salivary glands , 71
Muscle aches , 41–42
Mycophenolate mofetil , 61
Myositis , 42
N
Neonatal lupus rash , 49, 50
Nephrocalcinosis , 32, 33
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma , 44–45
P
Peripheral neuropathy , 36–37
Photosensitive butterfl y rash ,
19–20
Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) ,
57–59
Pulmonary fi brosis , 15–16
Purpura , 22
Q
Quinacrine , 59
R
Rashes , 17–18
Raynaud’s phenomenon , 18–19
Index
81
Renal tubular acidosis , 32, 33
Rheumatoid arthritis , 39–40
Rheumatoid factor , 66
S
Schirmer’s test , 9, 69
Scintigraphy , 70
Sicca syndrome , 54–55
Silicone breast implants,
Sjögren syndrome
autonomic neuropathy , 37
bladder problems , 31
causes
apoptosis , 76
environmental factors , 76
genetic predisposition , 2,
75–76
hormonal infl uences , 74
viral trigger , 74–75
cerebral and spinal problems ,
35
classifi cation criteria for ,
63–65
diagnosis
blood tests ( see Blood
tests)
clinical history , 63
lip biopsy , 70–71
MRI scanning , 71
rose bengal/lissamine green
test , 69
Schirmer’s test , 69
scintigraphy , 70
sialography , 70
ultrasound , 71
eyes ( see Eye involvement)
gut ( see Gut)
history , 2–4
immunology , 73–74
interstitial lung disease , 15–16
Jacoud’s arthropathy
in , 40–41
kidney disease
interstitial nephritis , 32, 33
nephrocalcinosis , 32, 33
therapy , 34
lymphoma
B cell lymphoma , 45–46
non-Hodgkins lymphoma ,
44–45
mouth and salivary glands
diagnosis , 13
dry mouth , 11–12
muscle aches , 41–42
overlaps
allergy , 47
cryoglobulinemia , 51
fi bromyalgia , 51–52
Hughes syndrome , 47–48
lupus , 49
thyroid disease , 48–49
peripheral neuropathy , 36–37
prevalence , 1–2
rheumatoid arthritis , 39–40
skin involvement ( see Skin
involvement)
symptoms , 4–5
treatment
artifi cial tears , 54–55
diet , 54
drugs ( see Drug
treatment)
dry mouth , 55–56
lifestyle , 56
thyroid problems , 53
trigeminal neuralgia , 36
vaginal problems , 31–32
Skin involvement
dryness , 17
livedo reticularis , 23–25
purpura , 22
rashes , 17–18
Raynaud’s phenomenon ,
18–19
sun sensitivity
photosensitive butterfl y
rash , 19–20
Index
82
Skin involvement (cont.)
subacute cutaneous rash ,
20–22
Steroids , 59–60
Subacute cutaneous rash , 20–22
T
Thyroid disease , 48–49
Trigeminal neuralgia , 36
U
Urticarial rash , 17–18
V
Vaginal problems , 31–32
Index