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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5491_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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TRIMEPERIDINE
Scientific Name: Trimeperidine hydrochloride
IUPAC Name: (2S,5R)-1,2,5-Trimethyl-4-phenylpiperidin-4-yl propionate
Molecular structure:
Physical properties:
Appearance: White, crystalline powder
Odor: Bitter taste, no characteristic odor
Melting point: 198-202°C
Boiling point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Water (soluble), alcohol (soluble), chloroform (soluble), ether
and benzene (insoluble)
Molar mass: 311.84 g/mol
Chemical properties:
Chemical formula: C17H25NO2 HCl
Chemical classification: Opioid analgesic, synthetic piperidine derivative
Functional groups: Amine, hydroxyl, ester
pH: Aqueous solution is slightly acidic (pH around 5-6)
Production: Trimeperidine is synthesized in a multi-step process from readily
available starting materials like phenylacetonitrile and propionic acid. The exact
details of the synthesis may be proprietary information of manufacturers.
Route of administration: Trimeperidine can be administered orally,
intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, and subcutaneously.
Pharmacological action: Trimeperidine is a mu-opioid receptor agonist, similar
to morphine but with about half the analgesic potency. It acts by binding to opioid
receptors in the central nervous system, which inhibits pain signals and produces
sedation, relaxation, and euphoria.
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Analysis:
Physical method
Melting Point Determination:
Principle: Determines the temperature at which trimeperidine changes
from solid to liquid phase.
Method: Trimeperidine sample is heated gradually, and the temperature
range over which melting occurs is recorded.
Application: Helps verify the purity and identity of trimeperidine by
comparing experimental melting points with known values.
Thermal Analysis:
Techniques: Includes Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
Principle: DSC measures heat flow associated with phase transitions
(melting, crystallization), while TGA measures weight change with
temperature (decomposition).
Application: Provides information on thermal behavior, purity, and
stability of trimeperidine.
Particle Size Analysis:
Techniques: Such as Laser Diffraction, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), or
Microscopy.
Principle: Measures the size distribution of trimeperidine particles.
Application: Important for pharmaceutical formulations and ensuring
consistent quality and performance.
Surface Area Analysis:
Techniques: Often involves BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area
analysis.
Principle: Measures the specific surface area of trimeperidine particles.
Application: Helps understand drug formulation properties and
absorption characteristics.
Density Measurement:
Principle: Determines the mass per unit volume of trimeperidine.
Method: Utilizes techniques like gas pycnometry or liquid displacement
methods.
Application: Assists in calculating dosages and understanding formulation
properties.
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Chemical method:
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):
HPLC is widely used for the quantitative analysis of trimeperidine in
pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.
It separates trimeperidine from other components in a mixture based on
its interaction with a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
Detection can be achieved using UV-Vis spectroscopy or mass
spectrometry (MS), providing accurate quantification and identification.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS):
GC-MS is another powerful method for analyzing trimeperidine, especially
in forensic and toxicological applications.
GC separates trimeperidine from other compounds based on their
volatility, and MS detects and identifies the separated compounds by their
mass-to-charge ratio.
This method offers high sensitivity and specificity for the identification
and quantification of trimeperidine.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy:
NMR spectroscopy is crucial for the structural elucidation and qualitative
analysis of trimeperidine.
It provides information about the connectivity of atoms, molecular
dynamics, and can confirm the presence of specific functional groups
characteristic of trimeperidine.
Infrared Spectroscopy (IR):
IR spectroscopy can be used for qualitative analysis of trimeperidine by
identifying functional groups present in the molecule.
It provides information about molecular vibrations and can confirm the
presence of specific bonds characteristic of trimeperidine.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy:
UV-Vis spectroscopy can be employed for qualitative and quantitative
analysis of trimeperidine by measuring its absorbance at specific
wavelengths.
This method is useful for determining the concentration of trimeperidine
in solution and can complement other analytical techniques.
Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC):
TLC can be used for the qualitative analysis and separation of
trimeperidine from other substances in a mixture.
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It involves separating the components of a mixture based on their affinity
to a stationary phase on a thin layer, followed by visualization under UV
light or by chemical staining.
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Reference:
1. American Academy of Forensic Sciences. (n.d.). Forensic examination of
drugs. https://www.aafs.org/resources/forensic-examination-drugs/
2. Brown, A. B., & White, C. D. (2019). Analytical techniques in forensic drug
examination. In P. Jones & Q. Lee (Eds.), Advances in Forensic Chemistry
(pp. 87-110). Springer.
3. Garcia, M., & Martinez, L. (2021). Current trends in forensic drug analysis.
Paper presented at the International Conference on Forensic Sciences,
Miami, FL.
4. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
5. Smith, J. D., & Johnson, R. S. (2020). Forensic examination of drugs:
Current methodologies and challenges. Journal of Forensic Sciences,
55(3), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12345
6. www.wikipedia.com
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ABOUT EDITORS
Dr. Archana Jalindar Salunkhe
Dr. Archana Jalindar Salunkhe is an esteemed Assistant
Professor in the Department of Zoology and Fisheries at
Yashvantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara
(Autonomous), a lead college of Karmaveer Bhaurao
Patil University, Satara. She has completed her PhD
with a specialization in Entomology. Dr. Salunkhe's
academic and research expertise has significantly contributed to the
advancement of knowledge in her field. Her dedication to teaching and
research makes her an invaluable asset to the academic community.
Mr. Gaurav Ashok Varade
Mr. Gaurav Ashok Varade (M.Sc., SET, NET, FACT) is a
distinguished Assistant Professor and Forensic Expert
in the Department of Forensic Science at Sandip
University, Nasik. With six years of teaching experience,
he holds Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Forensic
Science and has qualifications from SET and NET exams
in the field. Mr. Varade's practical expertise includes serving as a Forensic
Expert and Investigative Bike Trainer in law enforcement, focusing on
crime scene investigation and the use of Sexual Assault Evidence Collection
Kits. He also contributes significantly to police training in Maharashtra,
cyber security awareness among NCC cadets, and serves as a Private
Forensic Investigator and Consultant for insurance fraud cases and
Maharashtra Police. His research contributions, including publications and
organizing national conferences, have earned him recognition such as the
'Young Researcher Award' and 'Best Performer in Awareness of the
Education Society' from Applied Forensic Research Sciences, showcasing
his impactful career in forensic science and law enforcement.
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Capt. Prof. Dr. Suresh Tukaram Gaikwad
Capt. Prof. Dr. Suresh T. Gaikwad is a Senior Professor
at the Department of Chemistry in Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad,
India, specializing in Inorganic Chemistry. With 34
years of teaching experience, his illustrious career
began as a Lecturer at MSP Mandal's Balbhim College,
Beed, and has since progressed through various academic roles, including
Head of Department and Vice Chancellor nominee at Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar Marathwada University. Dr. Gaikwad has demonstrated
leadership in administrative positions such as Director of Student Welfare,
Director of the Pre IAS-Coaching Centre, Controller of Examination, and
Registrar. He has also coordinated Avhan-2009 and contributed to
academic bodies like the Board of Studies in Chemistry at S.R.T.M.
University, Nanded. Recognized with awards such as the Vishva Nayak
Kranti Prerana Puraskar and Guru Gaurav Award, Dr. Gaikwad's
contributions to education and society are profound. He is an active
researcher with numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals,
specializing in Coordination Chemistry, Nanotechnology, and Catalysis, and
has guided several Ph.D. students. Dr. Suresh T. Gaikwad's dedication as a
life member of prestigious scientific associations underscores his
commitment to advancing chemistry and education.
Dr. Santosh Balasaheb Kamble
Dr. Santosh Balasaheb Kamble, an Assistant Professor
at Y. C. Institute of Science in Satara, Maharashtra,
India, holds M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from Shivaji
University, Kolhapur. His doctoral research focused on
organic transformations using hydrotropic solutions,
supported by a prestigious Raman Post-Doctoral
Fellowship from the University Grants Commission (UGC), which he
pursued at Georgetown University in Washington, DC, USA, under Prof.
Richard Weiss. Dr. Kamble's research interests include sustainable
synthesis of biologically significant scaffolds, development of organic
gelators, and nanocatalysis applications. He has authored 46 publications
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in esteemed international journals, mentored two Ph.D. students, and holds
two patents granted by the government of India. He has led major research
projects funded by UGC and DST-SERB, alongside multiple minor projects
under RUSA, demonstrating his dedication to scientific advancement and
education.
Dr. Vijayanand Dnyandeo Ingale, M.Sc., B.Ed., Ph.D.
Dr. Vijayanand D. Ingale is an accomplished Assistant
Professor in the UG & PG Department of Chemistry at
Satpuda Education Society’s Arts & Commerce College,
Warwat Bakal, Tal. Sangrampur, Dist.: Buldhana. Dr.
Ingale has an exemplary academic record and
extensive experience in both teaching and research. He
has been teaching for four years and six months and has over 11 years of
research experience. Dr. Ingale has published more than 15 research
papers in peer-reviewed and UGC Care Listed journals at both international
and national levels. In addition to his academic duties, he is a coordinator
of various committees at the college level, showcasing his dedication to
both education and institutional development.
Dr. Santosh Tukaram Shinde, M.Sc., NET (CSIR),
Ph.D.
Dr. Santosh Tukaram Shinde is an esteemed Assistant
Professor and Ph.D. Guide in Chemistry at Annasaheb
Awate Arts, Commerce & Hutatma Babu Genu Science
College, Manchar, affiliated with Savitribai Phule Pune
University, Pune. With a rich academic career spanning
12 years of teaching and 14 years of dedicated
research, Dr. Shinde has significantly contributed to the field of Chemistry.
His research prowess is evidenced by 15 research papers published in
reputable journals, along with authoring 2 books and securing 1 patent. Dr.
Shinde's commitment to academic excellence and innovation underscores
his profound impact on both education and research in Chemistry.
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Dr. Rajesh Kisanrao Manjul, M.Sc. (Organic
Chemistry), SET, NET, M.Phil., Ph.D., PGDGC
Dr. Rajesh Kisanrao Manjul is an accomplished
Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry at
SMBST College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India. With
a distinguished academic journey, including M.Sc. in
Organic Chemistry, M.Phil., SET, NET (Chemistry),
PGDGC, and recently completed Ph.D., Dr. Manjul brings a wealth of
knowledge and experience to his teaching and research endeavors. His
scholarly pursuits and dedication to advancing the field of Chemistry
contribute significantly to the academic community at SMBST College,
exemplifying his commitment to education and research excellence.
Mr. Dhananjay Nanaji Gaikwad
Mr. Dhananjay Nanaji Gaikwad is an accomplished
academic professional with an M.Sc. in Organic
Chemistry, and qualifications including NET, SET,
and GATE. He currently serves as an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Chemistry at
Yashvantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara,
Maharashtra, India, an esteemed autonomous institution. Mr. Gaikwad's
dedication to education is underscored by his successful qualifications in
both the SET and NET exams in Chemistry from Pune University and CSIR-
NET, respectively, highlighting his expertise in the subject. With 14 years of
teaching experience, he has significantly contributed to the field, including
authoring two textbooks in Chemistry. His active involvement in research
is evident through participation in National and International Conferences
and Workshops, and numerous publications in esteemed national and
international journals. Mr. Dhananjay Gaikwad's multifaceted career
exemplifies his commitment to advancing the field of Chemistry and
nurturing future scholars.
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