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Management

Smell

and

Taste

Disorders

Practical

Guide

for

Clinicians

Antje

Welge

Luessen

Thomas

Hummel

ManagementofSmellandTasteDisorders

APracticalGuideforClinicians

AntjeWelge-Luessen,MD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

UniversityHospitalBasel

Basel,Switzerland

ThomasHummel,MD

SmellandTasteClinic

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

Withcontributionsby

NasreddinAbolmaali,VictorChing,MichaelDamm,TerenceM.Davidson,RonDeVere,JohnE.Duda,

JoelEpstein,JohannesFrasnelli,JessicaFreiherr,MiriamGrushka,AntjeHaehner,JosefG.Heckmann,

DavidE.Hornung, Cornelia Hummel, TinoJust,RobertC.Kern,TatsuKobayakawa, DavidG.Laing,

BasileN.Landis,DonaldA.Leopold,RandyM.Leung,MichaelMeredith,TakakiMiwa,AxelMuttray,

Steven Nordin, Hisashi Ogawa, Carl Philpott, Nancy E. Rawson, Philippe Rombaux, Masafumi

Sakagami, Benoist Schaal, Dennis Shusterman, Dana M.Small, Boris A. Stuck,Hely Tuorila, Martin

Wiesmann,MartinWitt

140illustrations

Thieme

Stuttgart·NewYork

LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publication

Dataisavailablefromthepublisher.

©2014GeorgThiemeVerlagKG,

Rüdigerstrasse14,70469Stuttgart,Germany

http://www.thieme.de

ThiemeMedicalPublishers,Inc.,

333SeventhAvenue,NewYork,NY10001,USA

http://www.thieme.com

Illustrator:

Coverdesign:ThiemePublishingGroup

TypesettingbyPrepressProjects,Perth,UK

PrintedinChinabyAsiaPacificOffset,

HongKong

ISBN978-3-13-154521-3

Alsoavailableasane-book:

eISBN978-3-13-164531-9

Importantnote : Medicineisanever-changingscienceundergoingcontinual development.Researchandclinicalexperience are continually

expandingourknowledge,in particularourknowledge of proper treatmentanddrug therapy. Insofar as this book mentionsanydosage or

application,readers mayrestassuredthattheauthors,editors,andpublishershavemadeeveryefforttoensurethatsuchreferences are in

accordancewiththestateofknowledgeatthetimeofproductionofthebook.

Nevertheless,thisdoesnotinvolve,imply,orexpressanyguaranteeorresponsibilityonthepartofthepublishersinrespecttoanydosage

instructions and forms of applications stated in the book. Eve ry user is requeste d to examine carefully the manufacturers’ leaflets

accompanyingeachdrugandtocheck,ifnecessaryin consultationwith a physicianorspecialist, whetherthedosageschedulesmentioned

therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in the present book. Such examination is

particularlyimportantwithdrugsthatareeitherrarelyusedorhavebeennewlyreleasedonthemarket.Everydosagescheduleoreveryform

ofapplicationusedisentirelyattheuser'sownriskandresponsibility.Theauthorsandpublishersrequesteveryusertoreporttothepublishers

anydiscrepanciesorinaccuraciesnoticed.Iferrorsinthisworkarefoundafterpublication,erratawillbepostedatwww.thieme.com onthe

productdescriptionpage.

Some oftheproductnames,patents,andregistereddesigns referredtointhis book are in factregisteredtrademarksorproprietarynames

even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as

proprietaryisnottobeconstruedasarepresentationbythepublisherthatitisinthepublicdomain.

Thisbook,includingallpartsthereof,islegallyprotectedbycopyright.Anyuse,exploitation,orcommercializationoutsidethenarrowlimitsset

bycopyrightlegislation,withoutthepublisher'sconsent,isillegalandliabletoprosecution.Thisappliesinparticular tophotostatreproduction,

copying,mimeographing,preparationofmicrofilms,andelectronicdataprocessingandstorage.

Contributors

NasreddinAbolmaali,MD

InstituteandPolyclinicforDiagnosticRadiology

BiologicalandMolecularImaging,OncoRay

–NationalCenterforRadiationResearchin

Oncology;

MedicalFacultyandUniversityClinicsCarlGustav

Carus,TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

VictorChing,BScN

ManitoulinHealthCenter

LittleCurrent,Ontario,Canada

MichaelDamm,MD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology,Headand

NeckSurgery

UniversityofCologneMedicalCenter

Cologne,Germany

TerenceM.Davidson,MD,FACS

DepartmentofOtolaryngology–HeadandNeck

Surgery

UCSanDiegoSchoolofMedicine

SanDiego,California,USA

RonDeVere,MD,FAAN,FAADEP

TasteandSmellDisordersClinic

Austin,Texas,USA

JohnE.Duda,MD

Parkinson'sDiseaseResearch,Educationand

ClinicalCenter

PhiladelphiaVeteransAffairsMedicalCenter;

UniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine

Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,USA

JoelEpstein,DMD,MSD,FRCD(C),FDS,

RCS(Edin)

DivisionofOtolaryngologyandHeadandNeck

Surgery

CityofHope

Duarte,California,USA

JohannesFrasnelli,MD

CentreforResearchinNeuropsychologyand

Cognition

DepartmentofPsychology

UniversityofMontreal

Montreal,Quebec,Canada

JessicaFreiherr,PhD

RWTHAachenUniversity

ClinicofDiagnosticandInterventional

Neuroradiology

Aachen,Germany

MiriamGrushka,DDS

DepartmentofSurgery

WilliamOslerHealthCenter

Toronto,Ontario,Canada

AntjeHaehnerMD,PhD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

andDepartmentofNeurology

TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

JosefG.Heckmann,MD

DepartmentofNeurology

MunicipalHospitalLandshut

Landshut,Germany

DavidE.Hornung,BS,MS,PhD

BiologyDepartment

St.LawrenceUniversity

Canton,NewYork,USA

CorneliaHummel,MD

SmellandTasteClinic

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

ThomasHummel,MD

SmellandTasteClinic

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

TinoJust,MD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand

NeckSurgery

RostockUniversityMedicalCenter

Rostock,Germany

RobertC.Kern,MD,MS,FACS

DepartmentofOtolaryngology–HeadandNeck

Surgery

NorthwesternUniversityFeinbergSchoolof

Medicine

Chicago,Illinois,USA

TatsuKobayakawa,PhD

MultimodalIntegrationResearchGroup

HumanTechnologyResearchInstitute

NationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScience

andTechnology(AIST)

Tsukuba,Ibaraki,Japan

DavidG.Laing,PhD

SchoolofWomen'sandChildren'sHealth

UniversityofNewSouthWales;

FacultyofMedicine

SydneyChildren'sHospital

Randwick,NewSouthWales,Australia

BasileN.Landis,MD

SmellandTasteOutpatientClinic

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand

NeckSurgery

UniversityHospitalofGeneva

Geneva,Switzerland

DonaldA.Leopold,MD

UniversityofVermont

Burlington,Vermont,USA

RandyM.Leung,MD,FRCSC

DepartmentofOtolaryngology–HeadandNeck

Surgery

UniversityofToronto

Toronto,Ontario,Canada

MichaelMeredith,PhD

FloridaStateUniversity

DepartmentofBiologicalScience

Tallahasse,Florida,USA

TakakiMiwa,MD,PhD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

KanazawaMedicalUniversity

Kahoku,Ishikawa,Japan

AxelMuttray,MD

JohannesGutenbergUniversityMainz

InstituteofOccupational,Socialand

EnvironmentalMedicine

Mainz,Germany

StevenNordin,PhD

DepartmentofPsychology

UmeåUniversity

Umeå,Sweden

HisashiOgawa,MD,DMSc

TasteDisordersOutpatientClinic

KumamotoKinohHospital

Kumamoto,Japan

CarlPhilpott,MBChB,FRCS(ORL-HNS),DLO,

MD,PGCME

NorwichMedicalSchool

UniversityofEastAnglia

Norwich,UK;

TheSmellandTasteClinic

JamesPagetUniversityHospitalNHSFoundation

Trust

Gorleston

Norkfolk,UK

NancyE.Rawson,PhD

MonellChemicalSensesCenter

Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,USA

PhilippeRombaux,MD,PhD

CatholicUniversityofLouvain

InstituteofNeurosciences

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngologyandHead

andNeckSurgery

UniversityClinicStLuc

Brussels,Belgium

MasafumiSakagami,MD,PhD

DepartmentofOtolaryngology

HyogoCollegeofMedicine

NishinomiyaCity,Hyogo,Japan

BenoistSchaal,PhD

CenterforTaste,SmellandFoodScience

UniversityofBurgundy

Dijon,France;

Dijon–DresdenEuropeanLaboratoryforTasteand

SmellStudies

TechnicalUniversityofDresden

Dresden,Germany

DennisShusterman,MD,MPH

DivisionofOccupational&Environmental

Medicine

UniversityofCalifornia

SanFrancisco,California,USA

DanaM.Small,PhD,MSc

DepartmentofPsychiatry

YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine

NewHaven,Connecticut,USA

BorisA.Stuck,MD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand

NeckSurgery

UniversityHospitalMannheim

Mannheim,Germany

HelyTuorila,PhD

DepartmentofFoodandEnvironmentalSciences

UniversityofHelsinki

Helsinki,Finland

AntjeWelge-Luessen,MD

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology

UniversityHospitalBasel

Basel,Switzerland

MartinWiesmann,MD

RWTHAachenUniversity

ClinicofDiagnosticandInterventional

Neuroradiology

Aachen,Germany

MartinWitt,MD

DepartmentofAnatomy

RostockUniversityMedicalCenter

Rostock,Germany

Preface

We are very happy to present this book focusing on the chemical senses of smell and taste, their

pathophysiology,theirdisorders,andtheirtreatment.Thechemicalsensescontributesignificantlytothe

qualityofourlives:theywarnusofdangers,theyplayaroleinsocialcommunication,andtheyhelpusto

enjoy foods anddrinks.However,olfactoryloss andits consequences appear tobe underestimated by

manyclinicians.Justconsiderthatapproximately5%ofthegeneralpopulationisfunctionallyanosmic—

the highest frequency being in elderly people. In addition, research into the chemical senses is not

prominent.Itwasnot until2004,when two NorthAmericanresearchers(BuckandAxel)receivedthe

NobelPrizefortheirdiscoveriesof“odorantreceptorsandtheorganizationoftheolfactorysystem,”that

thesenseofsmellreceivedmajorattention.Itisperhapsnotsurprising,then,thatmanypatientssuffering

fromolfactorydisordersfeelthatcliniciansoftenfailtoprovideprofoundadvice.

Thisbook,writtenbyaninternationalfaculty,mainlymedicaldoctors,isaimedatclinicianswhocare

aboutpatientswithchemosensoryproblems.Wehopethatitwillnotonlyhelptoincreaseknowledgeof

these “forgotten” senses in theclinical population,but also help to improve treatmentandadvice for

suffering patients and help to increase awareness in the general population of the significance of the

chemicalsensesinourdailylives.

Finally,wewouldliketothankallourcolleaguesandfriendswhohavecontributedtothisproject,and

ourpartnersatThiemefortheirhelp,patience,andadvice!

Wehopethatyouenjoyreadingandusingthisbook!

AntjeWelge-LuessenandThomasHummel

Abbreviations

2D twodimensional

3D threedimensional

ABRS acutebacterialrhinosinusitis

AED antiepilepticdrug

ALE activationlikelihoodestimation

AOB accessoryolfactorybulb

AON anteriorolfactorynucleus

APS anteriorperforatedsubstance

AR allergicrhinitis

ARS acuterhinosinusitis

ASCIC acid-sensingionchannel

AST alcoholsnifftest

ATP adenosinetriphosphate

BNST bednucleusofstriaterminalis

CBD corticobasaldegeneration

CISS constructiveinterferenceinsteady-stateprecession

CK cytokeratin

CNG cyclicnucleotide-gatedchannel

CNV contingentnegativevariation

CRS chronicrhinosinusitis

CRSsNP chronicrhinosinusitiswithoutnasalpolyps

CRSwNP chronicrhinosinusitiswithnasalpolyps

CSERP chemosensoryevent-relatedpotential

CSF cerebrospinalfluid

CSLVII CodeofSocialLawVII

CT computedtomography

CTN chordatympaninerve

DaTSCAN dopaminetransporterscan

ECD equivalentcurrentdipole

EEG electroencephalography

EGM electrogustometry

EnaC epithelialsodiumchannel

EPOS Europeanpositionpaperonrhinosinusitisandnasalpolyps

ERP event-relatedpotential

ESS endoscopicsinussurgery

FDG [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose

FDG-PET/CT [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucosepositronemissiontomography–computedtomography

FLAIR fluid-attenuatedinversionrecovery

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Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана

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10.10.20269 Мб0Книга_4683_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20269 Мб0Книга_4684_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20269 Мб0Книга_4685_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4691_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4692_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.epub
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4693_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4694_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4696_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4699_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.202610 Мб0Книга_47_библиотеки_им_акад_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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10.10.20268 Мб0Книга_4701_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf