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382 Pharmaceutical Chemistry
673. Skin pigmentation is a feature of all, except:
(a) Nelson syndrome (b) Hemochromatosis
(c) Cushing’s syndrome (d) Melphalan therapy
674. The incubation period of chicken pox is:
(a) 2 weeks (b) 1 week
(c) 3 days (d) 2–3 weeks
675. Who is known as the father of medicine?
(a) Aristotle (b) Dioscorides
(c) Hippocrates (d) Galen
676. Which of the following statements best describes retrosynthesis?
(a) The design of reaction conditions such that an equilibrium reaction is pushed
towards the products rather than the starting materials.
(b) A strategy used to design a synthesis of a target molecule by working back
from the target to simple starting materials.
(c) The design of a synthetic scheme using cheap, traditional reagents, rather than
expensive modern reagents.
(d) The reaction conditions required to convert the product of a reaction back to the
original starting materials.
677. Which of the following statements best describes a synthon?
(a) A hypothetical structure that would result in a given reaction if it existed.
(b) A key intermediate in a reaction sequence.
(c) A synthetic reagent used in a reaction.
(d) A transition state involved in a reaction mechanism.
678. Which of the following statements best describes a disconnection in retrosynthesis?
(a) A disconnection describes the reaction conditions required to split a target
structure into simpler molecules.
(b) A disconnection identifies retrosynthetic stages which would not be feasible in
the corresponding synthesis.
(c) A disconnection involves identifying stages where a bond is split in the
corresponding synthesis.
(d) A disconnection involves a theoretical disconnection of a bond in a target
structure in order to identify simpler structures that could be linked through
the formation of that bond.
Abbreviations
AcOH : Acetic acid
AIDS : Aquired immune deficiency syndrome
HIV : Human immunodeficiency virus
ACE : Angiotensin-converting-enzyme
ASC : p-Acetamidobenzene sulfonyl chloride
ATP : Adinosine triphosphate
ADME : Absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion
AIDS : Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AMI : Acute myocardial infarction
AZT : Zidovudine
BBB : Blood brain barrier
BI : Bacteriological index
BzCl : Benzoyl chloride
cGMP : Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
dGTP : Deoxyguanosine triphosphate
CHF : Congestive heart failure
CMI : Cell mediated immune
CNS : Central nervous system
COX : Cyclooxygenases
CQ : Chloroquin
CYP : Cytochrome P450
CYS : Cystein
DHF : Dihydrofolic acid
DHFR : Dihydrofolate reductase
DNA : Deoxyribonucleic acid
DOPA : Dihydroxyphenylalanine
Et : Ethyl
384 Pharmaceutical Chemistry
FAAH : Fatty acid amide hydrolase
FDA : Food and Drug Administration
GABA : J-Aminobutyric acid
GIT or GI : Gastrointestinal tract
GTP : Guanosine 5’-triphosphate
HBA : H-Bond acceptor
HBD : H-Bond donor
HIV : Human Immunodeficiency virus
HSV : Herpes simplex virus
HTS : High throughput screening
IDDM : Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
LTHC : Lipophilic tetrahydrocannabinol
Me : Methyl
MeI : Methyl iodide
MADDS : Mono-acetylated metabolite
MAO : Monoamine oxidase
nAChRs : Nicotine acetylcholine receptors
NADPH : Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NSAIDs : Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NE : Norepinephrine
NO : Nitric oxide
PABA : p-Amino benzoic acid
PG : Prostaglandin
PK : Pharmacokinetics
Ph : Phenyl
PSA : Polar surface area
Pi : Partition coefficient
PTGS : Prostaglandin
QSAR : Quantitative structure activity relationships
RA : Retrosynthetic analysis
RC : Respiratory centre
RDT : Rapid diagnostic test
RNA : Ribonucleic acid
RT : Room temperature
SAR : Structure activity relationships
SMZ or SMX : Sulfamethoxazole
SPR : Structure property relationship
SSRI : Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
TCA : Tricyclic antidepressant
THF : Tetrahydrofolic acid
TMP : Trimethoprim
TL : Tuberculoid leprosy
UDP : Uridine diphosphate
VMC : Vasomotor centre
WHO : World Health Organization
Abbreviations 385
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