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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1267_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
Index
393
assessing by imaging techniques, 184
biomarkers, 174
bone marrow stem cells, 135
cellular biomarkers, 175
chemically-induced models, 129
clinical biomarkers, 174–175
colitis manifestation, 128
colonic inammation, 128
in Crohn’s disease, 40, 45, 46, 49, 52
damage-associated molecular patterns, 116
detection of collagen, 201–202
development, 226, 313
dextran sodium sulfate, 130
diet, 113–114
DNA methylation and, 45–47
endoscopic confocal microscopy, 204–205
environmental factors contributing to
development, 112
epigenetic modications, 118
epigenetics, 43–45
extracellular matrix, 90
brogenesis, 121
brosis scoring systems in IBD, 164
genetically induced models, 128
genetics, 40–41
gut microbiota, 115
heterotopic intestinal transplant
model,133
histologic brosis score, 167, 168
histone acetylation, 49
histone methylation, 49–50
histone modications and, 48–49
histopathology
in Crohn’s disease, 159–162
in ulcerative colitis, 162–164
human brostenotic inammatory bowel
disease, 133–134
immune-mediated model for, 130
inammatory bowel disease, 333
inammatory mediators, 117
long non-coding RNA, 52
magnetization transfer MRI, 202–203
mesenchymal cells, 134–138
microRNA, 50–52
monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, 129
murine models, 134
nanoparticles, 205
photoacoustic imaging, 203–204
pirfenidone, 358
postoperative brosis, 132
proliferation of broblasts, 135
prostacyclins, 360–361
radiation-induced models, 132
reversibility concept, 288
serologic biomarkers, 175–177
shear wave elastography, 198–199
smoking, 112–113
spontaneous models, 128
statins, 352
structural proteins, 201
tissue mechanical properties, 195–196
tissue metabolic imaging, 201
tissue perfusion characteristics for,
199–201
tofacitinib, 366
treatment, 367, 368
in ulcerative colitis, 149–150
ultrasound stiffness imaging, 196–197
See also Fibrosis
Intestinal inammation, treatment options
for,312
Intestinal iron uptake, 114
Intestinal microbiota, 115
Intestinal stem cells (ISC), 308
Intestinal strictures, 225
approach, 238–239
decision making, 241
extent of resection, 245, 246
bro-inammatory phenotype, 234–235
brotic phenotype, 235–236
stulising disease, 236
handassisted surgery, 239
indication for surgery, 234
intra-abdominal abscesses, 236
level of bowel transection, 245–246
multi-port ileocolic resections, 239
open approach, 239
single-port technique, 240
stricturoplasty/resection, 237–238
in terminal ileum, 238
Intestinal submucosa, 98
Intra-abdominal abscesses, 236
Intraabdominal adhesions, 3
Intra-articular adipose tissues (IAATs), 105
Intra-lesion injection, 228
IPAA, see Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis
(IPAA)
J
Jaboulay strictureplasty, 276, 278
JAK/Stat-pathway, 331
Jak-Tyk2-STAT3 pathway, 41
Janus Kinase (JAK), 366–367
Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), 24
Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), 7
Judd strictureplasty, 275–277
Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), 324
394
Index
K
Kaplan-Meier curves, 271
Kidney brosis
Bindarit-CCL inhibitor, 367
Janus Kinase, 366–367
NOX, 365–366
phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 367
pyridoxamine, 366
See also Fibrosis
L
Lamina propria, 78, 163
Laminins, 81
Laparoscopy, abdominal adhesions, 328
Latency associated peptide region
(LAP), 67
Latency-associated propeptide (LAP), 89
Lebrikizumab, 363
Lémann index, 194
Lenalidomide, 369
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 17, 116, 162
Liver brosis, 350
caspase inhibition, 353
clinical trials in, 297
coupled chemokine receptor, 354
farnesoid X receptor, 350–351
Fibroscan®, 300
GR-MD-02, 354–355
5-hydroxytryptamine, 352–353
lysyl oxidase like-2, 351
PPAR gamma, 355–356
statins, 351–352
treatment of, 296
See also Fibrosis
LiverMultiScan, 355
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), 52
Luminal brosis, 320
Luminal inammation, 233
Lung brosis, 356
CTGF, 364
endothelin receptor antagonism, 362–363
IL-13, 363
integrin αvβ6, 361–362
lysophospholipid, 359
mTOR pathway, 359–360
nintedanib, 358–359
pirfenidone, 356
prostacyclin, 360–361
serum amyloid P, 364
tyrosine kinase inhibitor, 358–359
See also Fibrosis
Lysine oxidase enzyme expression, 85
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), 359–360
Lysophospholipid, 359
Lysyl oxidase like 2 (LOXL2), 297, 351
M
Macitentan, 362
Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE),
190, 211, 234
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 204
brostenosing CD, 269
intestinal brosis, 298
perfusion, 204–205
Magnetization transfer (MT), 203
intestinal brosis, 298, 299
MRI (MT-MRI), 202
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC), 21
Matrix metalloprotein-3 (MMP3) gene, 41
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), 24–25,
151, 309, 312, 334, 336
Matrix stiffness, 327–328
Mechanical tissue damage, 89
Mechanosensory machinery, 82
Mechanotransduction, 84–85, 87–88
Membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW
and PDZ domain containing 1
(MAGI1), 23–24
6-Mercaptopurine, 215
Mesalamine, 215
Mesenchymal cells, 41, 134, 313
Mesenchymal stem cells (MCSs), 138
Mesencyhmal stellate cells, 135
Mesenteric anatomy, 98
Mesenteric fat, in inammatory bowel disease,
98–103
Metadoxine, 352
Methotrexate, 216
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
(MTHFR) C677T, 25
Michelassi strictureplasty, 277–279
Microbial-associated molecular patterns
(MAMPs), 115, 121
Microbiota, 115, 130
MicroRNA, and brosis, 50
MiR-29 expression, 50
Mongersen, 218
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
(MCP-1),129
Mononuclear cell inltration, 309
Moskel-Walske-Neumayer (M-W-N)
strictureplasty, 276, 278
MR-elastography, 355
mTOR
inhibitor-associated stomatitis, 360
lung brosis, 359–360
Mucosa, 78
Mucosal extracellular matrix, 78–79
Mucosal myobroblasts, 117
Mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC), 98
Multicellular-mediated response, 132
Multiple sclerosis, 6
Index
395
Multi-port ileocolic resections, 239
Muramyl-dipeptide (MDP), 311
Muscularis mucosae, 153, 162, 164, 165
Myobroblast, 84, 90, 91, 152, 309, 321
connective tissue, 330
mechanical activation by extracellular
matrix, 85
origin, 321
sources of, 335
targeting, 321–322
Myosin expression, 84
Myosin light chain (MLC), 88
N
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 365
Nanoparticles, intestinal brosis, 205
Natalizumab, 92
Needle-knife technique, 261
Negative predictive value (NPV), 17
Nephrogenic systemic brosis (NSF), 119
Neurokinin receptor (NK1R), 332, 333
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
oxidases (NOX), 365–366
Nintedanib, 358–359
Nod-like receptors (NLRs), 115, 121
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
cenicriviroc, 354
FLIRT/FLIRT-2 trials, 356
FXR in, 350
GR-MD-02, 355
metadoxine vs. placebo, 352
pioglitazone, 355
simtuzumab, 351
Non-canonical pathway, see Non-Smad
pathways
Non-coding RNAs, 50, 51
Non-brillary, 79
Non-Smad signaling pathways, 322, 324
Nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drugs
(NSAIDs), 211
Notch intracellular domain (NICD), 327
Notch signaling, 327
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B)
activation, 114
Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (NFAT),29
Nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2),
7, 17–19, 26–28
O
Obeticholic acid, 350
Olmesartan, 118
Oral ulceration, 360
Organ dysfunction, 308
Osteoarthritis (OA), 105
P
Paneth cells, 308
Pangenomic transcriptomic studies, 104
Paquinimod, skin brosis, 370
Parkinson’s disease, 6
Pattern recognition receptor (PRR),
115,309
PDGF, see Platelet derived growth factor
(PDGF)
Pentoxyfylline, 367
Peptidoglycan-polysaccaride (PG-PS), 131
Perfusion MRI, 188–189
Pericytes, 137, 138, 321, 335
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs),22
Peristalsis, 153
Perivascular fat (PVAT), 105
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
gamma (PPAR-γ), 337, 355–356
Peroxynitrite, 130
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 367
Phosphorylates protein kinase C-δ
(PKC-δ),324
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), 203, 204
Photomicrograph, 102
PI3K activation, 324
Pioglitazone, 355
Pirfenidone, 68, 356–358, 371
Piroxicam, 128
Plasma bronectin, 176
Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1),
328,332
Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF),
325–326
Poggioli strictureplasty, 278–280
Polysaccharides, 79
Pomalidomide, 369
Positron emission tomography
(PET), 190
Post-IPAA, 263
Pouchoscopy, 260
Pre-adipocytes (Pre-Ad), 106
Primary miRNA (pri-miRNA), 46
Proctitis, 148
Propeptide of collagen type III
(PIIINP), 176
Prostacyclin, 360–361
Proteins, 47, 79
Proteoglycans, 80–81
Pulmonary brosis
bleomycin-induced mouse model, 352,
356, 361
dasatinib, 359
See also Fibrosis
Purine analogs, 215–216
Pyridoxamine, 366
396
Index
R
RAAS, see Renin angiotensin aldosterone
system (RAAS)
Radiation-induced models of intestinal
brosis, 132
Rapamycin, 360
Ras-MAPK pathway, 331
Regulatory cytokines, 66–69
Renal brosis, 354, 367, 368, 370
See also Fibrosis
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system
(RAAS), 370–371
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS), 68
Resection, 237, 270–271
RhoA, 27, 352
RhoA/Rock pathway, 325
Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) signaling
pathways, 132, 325, 327–328
RNA interference, small/non-coding, 50
Rosiglitazone, 356
S
Salmonella enterica, 131
Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI), 131
Salmonella typhi, 134
Salmonella typhimurium, 131
SAP, see Serum amyloid P (SAP)
Sepralm®, 332
Serologic biomarkers, 176–177
Serum amyloid P (SAP), lung brosis, 364
Serum response factor (SRF), 88
Shear wave elastography (SWE), 198, 299
Short bowel syndrome (SBS), 272
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), 115
Side-to-side anastomosis, 271
Side-to-side isoperistaltic strictureplasty,
277–279, 285–287
Signal intensity was correlated with
endoscopic scoring (SES-CD), 193
Simtuzumab, liver brosis, 351
Single-port technique, 240–241
Sirolimus, see Rapamycin
Skin brosis
paquinimod, 370
pomalidomide, 369
TGFβ, 368
thalidomide, 369
See also Fibrosis
Smad7 gene, 41, 46
Smad-mediated pathways, 322, 324
Small bowel disease, 8
Small bowel resection, 297
Smoking, 112–113
Smoldering inammation, 296
Smooth muscle cells (SMC), 136, 335
SNAIL1, 311
Statins, liver brosis, 351–352
Stenosis, 183
Stenotic ileocolic anastomoses, 270
Stenotic intestine, 195
Sterile inammation, 309
Steroids, 215
Strain elastography, 184
Strictureplasty, 2
classication, 274
complications, 281
Finney, 275
functional recovery, 288
future perspectives, 284
Heineke-Mikulicz, 274, 279
history, 272
indication, 272
Jaboulay, 276
Judd, 275
limitation, 277
long-term results, 283
Moskel-Walske-Neumayer, 276
Sasaki modication, 280, 281
short-term results, 281
side-to-side isoperistaltic, 277, 278
technique, 273
Strictures, 5, 159, 210
Crohn’s disease, 160, 161, 210–212
current trails, 299
stulas vs., 312
formation, 335
inammatory bowel disease, 210, 214
ulcerative colitis, 212
Structural proteins, 201
STX-100, 92
Subcutaneous fat (SAT), 104
Sub-epithelial myobroblasts (SEMFs), 63,
334, 335
Submucosa, 78
Submucosal brosis, 159, 160, 163, 166
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3),
41, 46
Suturing technique, 271
Syndecans, 81–84
Synthetic hydrogels, 86
Systemic sclerosis, 361
Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), 320, 326
Hedgehog signaling, 327
Wnt signaling, 326
T
Tendon, 89
Terguride, 352
Index
397
Terminal ileum, 186
Th1 cytokines, 62
Th2 cytokines, 64–65
Th17 cytokines, 65
Thalidomide, skin brosis, 369
Thiazolidinediones, 355
Through the scope (TTS) balloon,
228, 230
Tissue destruction process, 310
Tissue brosis, 85
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
(TIMP), 24–25, 41, 297, 309, 312,
313, 336
Tissue metabolic imaging, 201
Tissue perfusion, intestinal brosis, 199
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), 328
Tissue remodeling, 308, 313
Tissue repair, 152
TL1A protein, 65–66
TNFRSF25, 65
TNFSF15 haplotype, 66
Tofacitinib, intestinal brosis, 366
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), 20, 89, 115,
121,334
Tranilast, 371
Transactivate pro-brogenic gene
expression, 88
Trans-differentiated cells, 321
Transforming growth factor (TGF) β, 23,
67–69, 81, 311
abdominal adhesions, 331
bioavailability, mechanical control of,
89–87
EMT, 313
heart brosis, 371
pathway, 41, 322–324
skin brosis, 368
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, 113,
129, 135
Transglutaminase 2, 81–84
Transient elastography (TE), 195, 196
Transitional cells (TC), 311
Translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase
(TET), 45
Transmural inammation, 5
Treg differentiation, 115
Treprostinil, 361
Trinitrobenzene sulfonic (TNBS) acid-
inducedintestinal brosis model,
129, 130
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid rat model, 186
Tropocollagen, 80
Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), 20, 23,
60–62
Tumour necrosis factor superfamily 15
(TNFSF15), 7
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, lung brosis,
358–359
U
Ulcerative colitis (UC), 1, 6–7, 112, 147, 308
chronic inammation, 149
clinical consequences of, 153–154
clinical manifestations and disease
progression, 9
colonoscopy, 148
downstream events, 151
epidemiology, 148–149
etiology, 149
friability, 148
genetics and brosis, 27–28
histopathology of brosis, 162
lamina propria brosis, 163
multiple endoscopic biopsies, 148
muscularis mucosae, 163–165
pathogenesis, 150–153
risk and prognostic factors, 8
self-perpetuating nature, 154
strictures, 153, 212–213
submucosal brosis, 163, 166
Ultrasound elastography, 185, 187, 195
Ultrasound stiffness imaging (USI), 196
Ultrasound techniques, 298, 299
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, 114
Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), 328
Ustekinumab, 218
V
Vacuole membrane protein-1 (VMP1), 46
Vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF),176
Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC), 137
Vedolizumab, 68, 218
Vimentin, 311
Viral hepatitis, 321
Virtual biopsy, 194
Vitamin D, 114
W
Wnt-signaling, 326
Wound healing, 308–309, 338
Y
YKL-40, 176, 298