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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5820_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Early First Trimester n 350
Yolk Sac and/or Embryo
6. Image demonstrating the yolk sac and/or
embryo.
Labeled: YOLK SAC SAG OR TRV OR YOLK SAC/
EMBRYO SAG OR TRV
7. Long axis image of embryo with length (superior to
inferior) or crown rump length (CRL) measurement.
Labeled: CRL
8. Same image as number 7 without calipers.
m/s
Fetal heart Doppler signal
Doppler gate
9. Doppler documentation of viability.
Trophoblastic
ring
Yolk sac
Gestational
sac
.40
.40
Labeled: CRL
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Early First Trimester n 351
PART V
Labeled: DOP VIAB
SECTION TWO □ Image Protocol for the
Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester
Criteria
• No limited studies.
• Before the examination, a patient history including the date of the first day of the
patient’s last period, gravidity, parity, and history of any pelvic surgery should be
taken.
• Begin late first trimester studies with a survey of the uterus and adnexa followed
by the pregnancy if present.
• When transvaginal sonography is used in conjunction with the routine transab-
dominal study, the patient’s verbal or written consent is required. Also, the examination should be chaperoned by a female health care professional, whose initials
should be included as part of the film labeling.
• Do not share study results with the patient. Legally, only physicians can give a
diagnosis.
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 353
PART V
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 354
Late First Trimester Study
Uterus Long Axis
1. Long axis image of the uterus showing the location of the gestational sac.
SCANNING TIP: Assuming an embryo is identified,
the CRL measurement is taken in the scanning
plane where its long axis appears.
Labeled: UTERUS SAG LONG AXIS
Gestational Sac
2. Longitudinal image of the gestational sac to
include the embryo (if visualized) with mea-
surement from crown to rump (if applicable) and
placenta location (if distinguishable).
Labeled: GS SAG or TRV
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 355
3. Axial image of the gestational sac to include
the embryo (if visualized) with measurement
from crown to rump (if applicable) and placenta
location (if distinguishable).
PART V
Labeled: GS SAG or TRV
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 356
4. Same image as number 3 without calipers
(if applicable).
SCANNING TIP: In this case, the CRL measurement was not applied to the previous image;
therefore an additional image demonstrating the
longest axis of the embryo with CRL measurement must be taken.
5. Long axis image of the embryo with measure-
ment from crown to rump.
Labeled: CRL
6. Same image as number 5 without calipers.
Labeled: CRL
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 357
SCANNING TIP: In addition to the CRL measurement, some institutions require biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length
measurements of the embryo during the later
part of the first trimester. However, many experts
believe that these additional measurements are
not necessary because they do not add any new
information to the study and they are not as accurate as the CRL measurement for determining
gestational age.
PART V
Image Protocol for the Sonographic Study of the Late First Trimester n 358
7. Optional view(s) of the embryo demonstrating limbs.
Labeled: LIMBS
SCANNING TIP: It may be helpful to magnify the field of view for the limb image(s).
SECTION THREE □ Image Protocol for the
Sonographic Study of the Second and Third
Trimesters
PART V