Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Our Changing World. Практический курс первого иностранного языка. Учебное пособие для студентов второго курса специальности «Перевод и переводоведение.pdf
МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
«ЛИПЕЦКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
Т.Ю. Тормышова, О.Н. Хаустов
OUR CHANGING
WORLD
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ КУРС ПЕРВОГО ИНОСТРАННОГО
ЯЗЫКА
Учебное пособие
для студентов второго курса специальности
«Перевод и переводоведение»
Липецк
Липецкий государственный технический университет
2024
2
ББК Ш 143.21я7
Т608
Рецензенты:
кафедра гуманитарных и естественнонаучных дисциплин Липецкого филиала
РАНХиГС;
Степашкина О.И., канд. педагогических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры
лингвистики и международной коммуникации ФГБОУ ВО «ЛГПУ имени П.П.
Семёнова-Тян-Шанского»
Т608
Тормышова, Т.Ю. Our Changing World. Практический курс первого
иностранного языка : учебное пособие для студентов второго курса
специальности «Перевод и переводоведение» / Т.Ю. Тормышова, О.Н. Хаустов.
– Липецк : Липецкий государственный технический университет, 2024. – 1
электрон. опт. диск (CD-Rom). - Текст: электронный.
ISBN 978-5-00175-304-9
Учебное пособие состоит из пяти тематических разделов по теме
«Changing world», каждый из которых содержит аутентичные тексты на
английском языке, тщательно разработанный тематический словарь и систему
заданий и упражнений для развития речевых умений. В пособие также
включены задания, направленные на развитие аудитивных навыков.
Пособие предназначено для студентов второго курса специальности
«Перевод и переводоведение».
ББК Ш 143.21 я 7
ISBN 978-5-00175-304-9
© ФГБОУ ВО «Липецкий
государственный технический
университет», 2024
© Тормышова Т.Ю., Хаустов О.Н, 2024
3
Contents
Unit 1. Technology in Everyday Life …………………………..4-8
Unit2. Artificial Intellegince ……………………………………9-19
Unit 3. Cloning …………………………………………………19-35
Unit 4. GMO ……………………………………………………35-46
Unit 5. Technological Downsides ……………………………...47-55
Библиографический список ………………………………… 56-57
4
OUR CHANGING WORLD
unit 1. TECHNOLOGY IN EVERYDAY LIFE
A.
B.
C.
D.
Lead in
1. a. Look at the title of the unit. What changes to our world do these pictures
show? Think about: transport, natural disasters, technology, environment
b. What impact will these changes have on our lives in the future?
Which are changes for the better and which for the worse?
VOCABULARY WORK 1
Exercise 1. Read the extract paying attention to the highlighted words. Use the
definitions below and guess the meaning of the words.
5
Scientists and technologies are (1)pushing back the frontiers of knowledge every
day. Scientists (2) publish their findings and those findings are developed into
commercial applications. We have become very skilled at (3) harnessing technology
in all sorts of creative ways. New (4) cutting-edge design is transforming our daily
lives and our businesses. But even with technology we are already familiar with,
things do not always (5) run smoothly. There can be difficulties (6) installing
equipment and hardware can suffer from (7) wear and tear. More serious are
viruses, which can cause (8) systems to crash and lead to the loss of important data.
A power cut may cause machinery to lose power and (9) production may be halted
until (10) power is restored. If computers have to be (11) shut down for even a short
time, it can cause a variety of problems, all of them costly.
1. extended the limits; 2. results; 3. making use of; 4. the most innovative design; 5. work without
problems; 6. damage caused by ordinary use; 7. switched off completely.
Exercise 2. Look at the collocations in the text above and correct the mistakes in
the sentences. In some sentences there is more than one error.
1. If you switch off your computer without shutting it properly, you may lose data.
2. I didn`t expect everything to run gently in my new job but I didn`t imagine it
would be quite so difficult as it was.
3. Alex had some technical problems initiating his new computer equipment.
4. The company is famous for its cutting-side design.
5. If they`d serviced their machines regularly, they wouldn`t have had to halt
producing.
6. Vic dreams of making a discovery that would help to push out the frontiers of
science.
7. Scientists usually publics their findings in academic journals.
8. There was a power break this morning. The power went off at ten and it wasn`t
restorated till midday.
6
9. Urs loves pure research but his brother is more interested in the application of
research to practical projects and in harassing new technology for commercial ends.
10. They carried out researches over a ten-year period and finally published their
finding this month.
VOCABULARY WORK 2
Now read out one more extract about innovations that are used nowadays. Pay
attention to the highlighted words and phrases, guess their meanings.
We asked our readers to remind us of the little technical innovations that have
quietly entered – and improved? – our lives over the last 20 years. Here are some of
their replies. Do you use all the inventions? How often? Can you imagine your life
without them now?
I never carry much “real money” and I hardly ever even write a cheque. I just put a
piece of plastic in a slot, enter my PIN and take out the cash!
You`re more likely to have to swipe a card than use a traditional key these days.
Remember when you had to get off the sofa to switch channels on your black and
white TV? Now you turn your huge flat-screen TV on and off by remote control!
Remember when you had to rush out of work to get to the bank in your lunch hour? I
never need to go into a bank today. Online banking is fantastic.
High-definition TV – the picture is fantastic compared with before.
I use SATNAV (satellite navigation) in the car all the time – much easier than
looking at a paper map.
My music collection used to take up a whole wall of my room. Now I`ve got far more
music stored on my little MP3 player.
How did people manage without mobile phones? And I love all the extra bits. I love
being able to download new ringtones!
Wireless hotspots (public places where people can access the Internet via a wireless
signal) are fantastic – I can easily get online using my own laptop.
I travel a lot and it`s great to be able to remote access my email.
7
Exercise 1. Answer the questions using collocation “Vocabulary work 1 and 2”.
1. What three technological developments have made watching television a better
experience?
2. What is an MP3 player used for?
3. What might happen if the computer systems in a company suddenly became
overloaded, or there was a serious problem with the software of hardware?
4. Is it always necessary for people to visit the bank personally to do their business?
5. What might you try to find at an airport if you, say, wanted to check your email
from your own laptop?
6. You want to watch TV but a boring programme has come on. What do you do?
7. You are tired of the sound your phone makes when a call comes in. You want
something different. What can you do?
8. What eventually happens to electrical items that you use a lot?
VOCABULARY WORK 3
ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY
1.a. Underline the correct word/phrase in the sentences.
1. My new cellular phone allows me to send (faxes, text messages, telegrams)
anywhere within the country and abroad.
2. Don`t forget to turn on the (printer, modem, monitor) if you want to go on-line.
3. The advent of (endoscopic surgery, telemedicine, antibiotics) has greatly
reduced the post-operative recovery time of most patients.
4. Supermarkets of the future will make use of (scanners, smart cards, personal
organizers) to read the contents of your trolley and total up your bill.
5. Factories which rely on humans working on (assembly lines, conveyor belts,
processing equipment) are becoming a thing of the past.
6. You would be quite astounded by the number of (satellites, spaces capsules,
landing craft) orbiting the Earth.
7. Not only would a (nuclear, solar, diesel) powered vehicle be safe, it would also
make use of one of the planet`s greatest natural resources.
8
b. What fields of technology are the sets of words related to?
medical, information technology, space, industrial, energy, electronics,
communications
DISCUSSION
Look at the pictures. Which of them will become obsolete over the next 20
years? What do you think they will have been replaced by?
9
UNIT 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGINCE
LISTENING AND DISCUSSION
1. a. Listen to some people talking about changes in lifestyle. What changes are
they talking about? What do they say about: the past, the present, the future?
b. Which of these expressions do the speakers use?
in the past, in the old days,
years ago, a thing of the
past, in my grandparents`
time
today, whereas these days,
at the moment, in recent
years, recently, becoming
more and more
in a few years` time, in the
not too distant future, by
the year 2050, in years to
come, years from now
Listening 1.
listening-1_efTDIMrE.mp3
c. Now use some of the expressions to discuss other changes to our lives. Think
about entertainment, work, education, business, communication, clothes
2. Look at the following possible technological advances. Which ones do you
think will occur in the next 50 years? Are there any which you think already
exist? Are there any which will never happen? Discuss your answers, giving
reasons for your opinions.
a computer that can hold a proper conversation, a manned mission to Mars, a
vaccine against AIDS, an electric car which is as fast as a petrol-powered one, a
device which predicts earthquakes accurately, a hurricane-proof home
3. Paraphrase the following quotations. What does each one mean? What
attitude does each speaker have towards technology? Which quotation is closer
to your own ideas?
“If we continue to develop our technology without wisdom or prudence, our servant
may prove to be our executioner.” Omar Bradley (U.S. WWII Army General)
10
“Change is not made without inconvenience, even from worse to better.” Richard
Hooker (British theologian)
READING 1
1. a. You are going to read an article about artificial intelligence. Before reading,
discuss the following questions.
1. What tasks can robots do now?
2. What famous robots do you know from science fiction books or films?
3. Do you believe that we will ever create machines that are able to think as we do?
Should we try to?
b. Now scan the text to find information about the following.
Alan Turing, the Turing Test, Herbert Simon, AM, Christian Goldbach, Deep Blue
c. Read the article carefully and answer the questions that follow.
1. According to the writer, the term “artificial intelligence”
a) is missing from some scientific dictionaries.
b) makes us think of machines from sci-fi films.
c) is overused among computer scientists.
d) implies that computers can be too clever
2. Turin believed that
a) computers could copy human thought processes.
b) computer research needed more funding.
c) computers would eventually replace human beings.
d) computers might be used for immoral purposes.
3. Computer scientists today
a) do not distinguish between sci-fi and reality.
b) are making our dreams come true.
c) do not agree about the aims of AI development.
d) are spending far too long on AI research.
4. What is the writer`s view of the Microsoft Paperclip assistant?
a) It is a very helpful device.