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Файл:Требования и рекомендации по оформлению программного кода на языках С и С++. Учебно-методическое пособие
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ɉɪɢɦɟɪɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨɮɚɣɥɚɫɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɤɥɚɫɫɚFraction
// Ɏɚɣɥ Fraction.h
#pragma once
class Fraction
{
private:
int numerator, denominator;
public:
Fraction(int numerator, int denominator);
Fraction& operator= (const Fraction& right);
}
Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ )UDFWLRQ
// Ɏɚɣɥ Fraction.cpp
#include "Fraction.h"
Fraction::Fraction(int numerator, int denominator)
{
this-> numerator = numerator;
LIGHQRPLQDWRU
this-> denominator = denominator;
else
throw zeroDenominatorError();
}
Fraction& Fraction::operator= (const Fraction& right)
{
this->num = right.num;
this->den = right.den;
return *this;
}
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɢɡɚɞɚɧɢɹɬɟɦɵ
ɉɨɱɟɦɭɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɨɛɥɚɫɬɶɜɢɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ"
ȼɱɟɦɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ"
Ʉɚɤɢɟɟɳɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢɞɚɧɧɵɯɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɦɟɬɨɞɭɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬɩɨ
ɦɢɦɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ"
ɉɨɱɟɦɭɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵɦɨɠɧɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨ"
ȼɱɺɦɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɛɨɱɧɨɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ"
ȼ ɱɺɦ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ
ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ"
Ʉɨɝɞɚɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ"
Ʉɚɤɢɟɟɳɺ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬɩɪɢɱɢɧɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɞɚ ɜɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ
ɤɪɨɦɟɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɬɟɤɫɬɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ"
Ⱥɩɨɱɟɦɭɛɵ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɨɞɢɧɜɢɞ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪZKLOHɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ
ɢɬɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɯ"
ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢɞɥɹɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɰɢɤ
ɥɚ
Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɜɢɞɨɦ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɰɢɤɥɚɧɨɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɪɭɝɨɣɜɢɞ"ȿɫ
ɥɢɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ– ɩɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɑɟɦɩɥɨɯɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪgoto"
Ɇɨɠɧɨɥɢɜɫɟɝɞɚɨɛɨɣɬɢɫɶɛɟɡgoto"ȿɫɥɢɧɟɥɶɡɹ– ɩɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɉɨɱɟɦɭɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ©ɦɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯªɱɢɫɟɥɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɥɨɯɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɣ"
Ɇɨɠɧɨɥɢɨɛɨɣɬɢɫɶɛɟɡɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨɤɨɞɚɧɚ K ɢ FSS ɮɚɣɥɵ"
Ɉɛɨɫɧɭɣɬɟ
ɍɩɪɚɠɧɟɧɢɹɩɨɬɟɦɟ
ɇɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ VZDS ɨɛɦɟɧɢɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɞɜɚ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɰɟɥɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɜɫɟɦɢɤɚɤɢɦɢɫɦɨɠɟɬɟɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ
ɇɚɩɢɲɢɬɟɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧɧɨɦɭ ɮɪɚɝ
ɦɟɧɬɭɬɨɟɫɬɶɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɣɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɧɨɫɞɪɭɝɢɦ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦɰɢɤɥɚȾɪɭɝɨɣɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɰɢɤɥɚɭɤɚɡɚɧɜɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ
// ɇɭɠɟɧɰɢɤɥwhile
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (i % 2 == 0)
n++;
if (i % 3 == 0)
s += i;
}
// ɇɭɠɟɧ ɰɢɤɥ do-while
max = INT_MIN;
cin >> n;
ZKLOHQ {
if (n > max)
max = n;
cin >> n;
}
// ɇɭɠɟɧ ɰɢɤɥ for
ZKLOHD E
if (a > b)
a -= b;
else
b -= a;
// ɇɭɠɟɧ ɰɢɤɥ for; ɧɭɠɟɧ ɰɢɤɥ while
LQWD E F
do {
c = a + b;
a = b;
b = c;
} while (c < n);
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɹɞɥɹɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɩɨɬɟɦɟ
ȼɵɹɫɧɢɬɟɜɫɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɩɨɥɟɣɤɥɚɫɫɚɜɹɡɵ
ɤɟɋɩɨɦɢɦɨɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯɜɵɲɟ
Ⱦɥɹɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɜɢɞɚɰɢɤɥɚɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɝɨɩɪɟ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɟɝɨɜɞɪɭɝɢɟɜɢɞɵɰɢɤɥɨɜ
ɁȺɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿ
ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɚ –
ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɇɚɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɷɬɨ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɭɫɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɧɚɫɦɵɫɥɟɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ
ɫɬɢɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɭɯɨ
ɞɹɬɧɚɜɬɨɪɨɣɩɥɚɧȻɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɩɨɜɵɲɚɸɬɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜ
ɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬɭɧɢɜɟɪ
ɫɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɩɨɧɹɬɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɟɟɞɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ
Ɍɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɚɹ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ ɧɟ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɟɟ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɟɺ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɫɥɨɠɢɥɢɫɶ ɹɜɧɨ
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɟɯɨɪɨɲɨɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɜɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɯɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɯɫɢɬɭ
ɚɰɢɹɯ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ©ɩɚɬɬɟɪɧɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹª ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɬɚɤɠɟɩɥɨɯɢɟ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɬɚɤɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ©ɚɧɬɢɩɚɬɬɟɪɧɵªɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɟ
ɫɬɨɢɬ; ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɡɧɢɯɧɚɲɥɢɫɜɨɺɦɟɫɬɨɢɜɷɬɨɦɩɨɫɨɛɢɢȼɦɟɬɨ
ɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɨ-ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ
ɝɨɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵSOLIDɫɥɟɞɭɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɦɨɠɧɨɪɚɫɫɱɢ
ɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨɤɨɞɚ
ɇɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɚ ɧɟ
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟɞɪɭɝɫɞɪɭɝɨɦɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɤɚɤɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɞɨɤɭɦɟɧ
ɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɚɹ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɭɦɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɧ
ɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬɶ
ɱɬɨɷɬɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚɢɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ
ɜɚɬɶɨɞɧɚɛɟɡɞɪɭɝɨɣ©ɑɢɫɬɵɣªɤɨɞɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶ©ɱɢɫɬɵɦªɫɨɜɫɟɯɫɬɨɪɨɧ
Ȼɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɢɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧ
ɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɫɨɛ
ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɫɬɫɤɢɯɧɚɜɵɤɨɜɞɨɥɠɟɧɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶɫɜɨɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɩɪɚ
ɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɭɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɸɢɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɢ
ɪɨɜɚɧɢɸɤɨɞɚ
ɋɉɂɋɈɄɊȿɄɈɆȿɇȾɍȿɆɈɃɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɕ
&RGH&RQYHQWLRQVIRUWKH-DYD TM 3URJUDPPLQJ/DQJXDJH [ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟ
ɫɭɪɫ] Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ KWWSVZZZRUDFOHFRPWHFKQHWZRUNMDYDFRGHFRQYWRF-
KWPO
ɋɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɨ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɞɚ ɧɚ & >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ
ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚ & ɊɟɠɢɦɞɨɫɬɭɩɚKWWSVGRFVPLFURVRIWFRPUX-
UXGRWQHWFVKDUSSURJUDPPLQJ-JXLGHLQVLGH-a-SURJUDPFRGLQJ-FRQYHQWLRQV
Ɋȼɇ– Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨɤɨɞɚ>ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣɪɟɫɭɪɫ@
ɊɟɠɢɦɞɨɫɬɭɩɚKWWS\RXLQIUXstandart-RIRUPOHQL\D-NRGD-na-\D]\NH-c
&6%3URJUDPPLQJ$EVWUDFWLRQV [ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ] 6WDQIRUG8QLYHr-
VLW\V &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH 'HSDUWPHQW & KWWSVWDQIRUGHGXFODVVDUFKLYH-
FVFVEFVEVW\OHJXLGHVKWPO
*RRJOH C 6W\OH *XLGH >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ
KWWSVJRRJOHJLWKXEioVW\OHJXLGHFSSJXLGHKWPO
0R]LOOD Coding VW\OH >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ
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