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17. Use these slices of ham and cheese to make cheeseburgers.
18. A woman who is soon to have a child often craves for strange
foods.
19. There is a morsel of good economic news.
II. Below are words from the active, each followed by a group
of synonyms and antonyms. Decide which is a synonym and which
is an antonym referring to the context the word is used in.
to crave: to long for, to want, to wait, to desire, to need, to detest
regular: normal, standard, extraordinary, average, medium,
habitual, unusual
morsel: jot, crumb, grain, piece
III. Translate the following sentences into English paying
attention to the active vocabulary:
1. Люди, сидящие на диете, стараются есть только низкока-
лорийные продукты.
2. Какой тебе кофе: обыкновенный, мокко или со сливками?
3. Торт выглядит соблазнительно, а взбитые сливки сверху
делают его еще более аппетитным.
4. На дне рождения хозяева угощали нас мармеладом,
орехами, помадкой, фруктами со взбитыми сливками — и
это далеко не вес
5. Отрежьте мне, пожалуйста, крохотный кусочек этого
торта. Я слышала, у него особенный вкус и консистенция.
Я не преувеличиваю, говоря, что это самый вкусный торт,
который я когда-либо пробовала.
6. Салат был отвратительным. Сочетание брокколи, сельде-
рея и кусочков колбасы, покрытых толстым слоем
майонеза, испортило мне аппетит.
7. Некоторые люди сч
полезнее для здоровья, чем сливочное или маргарин.
8. Джейн очень обрадовалась, когда увидела свое имя в
верхних строках рейтинга успеваемости.
9. Это «Виктория Сикрет»? Я бы хотела сделать заказ.
ь список угощений.
итают, что растительное масло
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10. Если вы действительно жаждете превратиться из тучного
человека в худого, вам следует исключить холестерин из
вашего рациона. И запомните, пирожные должны стоять
на одном из последних мест в вашем списке продуктов.
IV. Paraphrase the following sentences using the active
vocabulary:
1. According to the recipe, you have to cut the onions into small
pieces.
2. We sent a letter to the company asking to supply us with
standard size Slurpees for our family dinner.
3. British cuisine has always been known to contain a small
amount of fat.
4. The layer of something on the surface of the pastry had a rather
strange taste.
5. I’m desperately longing for a standard sized portion of French
fries.
6. The chef added stirred butter into the cake. But the specific
taste of the pie was gained by a spiced top, cooked in wine.
7. Don’t forget to make a request to send us two big pizzas.
8. Don’t be greedy! All I ask for is a very small piece of your cake.
9. She’s so eager to get married; this question comes first for her.
10. I’d like a piece of pie with a thick layer of whipped cream.
V. Choose the right answer:
1. A vegetable whose young green or purple flower heads are
eaten:
a. lettuce
b. broccoli
c. celery
d. cauliflower
2. Eggs cooked in hot fat and turned over to cook on the other
side only for a moment:
a. poached eggs
b. over easy
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c. sunny side up
d. scrambled eggs
3. A soft creamy light brown candy made of sugar, milk, and butter:
a. marshmallow
b. whipped cream
c. peanut butter
d. fudge
4. The biggest city in the state of Oregon:
a. Portland
b. Altanta
c. Salem
d. Eugene
5. A small sweet cake, made wholly or partly of a baked mixture
of flour, fat, milk or water, and sometimes sugar:
a. pretzel
b. bagel
c. pastry
d. pumpernickel
6. A plant grown to produce grain for food
a. cereal
b. muesli
c. oat meal
d. porridge
VI. Correct the table matching the columns. Expand the
definitions by adding more information to each entry:
broccoli flour made from crushed oats, used to make
cookies, porridge, etc.
marshmallow a sweet fizzy drink, made from the juices of
different roots, barks and herbs
oat meal a vegetable with a thick green stem and
several dark green or purple flower heads
pretzel a pink or white candy that feels soft and
elastic when you chew it
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fudge a crisp salty biscuit in the shape of a knot or
stick, often served with drinks at a party
root beer a soft, thick food made from peanuts which
in the US is often made sweeter with sugar,
and is usually spread on bread or toast
peanut butter a type of soft brown candy made from
sugar, butter and milk
VII. Choose the food samples referring to the class of pastries:
Biscuit, bun, chips, pecan, oat meal, pretzel, fudge, marshmallow,
celery, chocolate chip cookies, muffin, decaf, pancake, pumpernickel,
croissant, cinnamon twist.
VIII. Distribute the products given below among junk food and
healthy food. Justify your choice:
Junk food Healthy food
Broccoli, celery, cereal, fudge, pastry, scrambled eggs, pancake,
pecan, peanut butter, bagel, poached eggs, muesli, chips, whipped
cream, croissant, root beer, French fries, oat meal, pizza, margarine,
decaf, toaster strudel, chocolate chip cookies.
IX. Find what types of coffee are mentioned in the text. Learn
the pronunciation of the names. Use dictionaries and other
sources to find out what each type is like.
X. List and describe all ways of cooking eggs mentioned in the
text.
TEXT 3
THE FAT OF THE LAND
I have been thinking a lot about food lately. This is because I am
not getting any. My wife, you see, recently put me on a diet.
It is an interesting diet of her own devising, which essentially
allows me to eat anything I want so long as it contains no fat,
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cholesterol, sodium or calories, and isn’t tasty. In order to keep me
from starving altogether, she went to the supermarket and bought
everything that had ‘bran’ in its title. I am not sure, but I believe I had
bran cutlets for dinner last night. I am very depressed.
Obesity is a serious problem in America. (Well, serious for fat
people anyway.) Half of all adult Americans are overweight and more
than a third are defined as obese (i.e., big enough to make you think
twice before getting in a lift with them).
Now that hardly anyone smokes, it has taken over as the number
one health fret in the country. About 300,000 Americans die every
year from diseases related to obesity, and the nation spends $100
billion treating illnesses arising from overeating — diabetes, heart
disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and so on. (I hadn’t realized it,
but being overweight can increase your chance of getting colon cancer —
and this is a disease you really don’t want to have — by as much as
50 per cent. Ever since I read that, I keep imagining a proctologist
examining me and saying: ‘Wow. Just how many cheeseburgers have
you had in your life, Mr. Bryson?’) Being overweight also
substantially reduces your chances of surviving surgery, not to
mention getting a decent date.
Above all, it means that people who are theoretically dear to you
will call you ‘Mr. Blimpy’ and ask you what you think you are doing
every time you open a cupboard door and, entirely by accident,
remove a large bag of Cheez Doodles.
The wonder to me is how anyone can be thin in this country. We
went to a restaurant the other night where they were promoting
something called ‘Skillet Sensations.’ Here (and every word of this is
true) is the menu’s description of the Chilli Cheese Tater Skillet:
'We start this incredible combination with crispy, crunchy waffle
fries. On top of those we generously ladle spicy chilli, melted
Monterey jack and cheddar cheeses, and pile high with tomatoes,
green onions, and sour cream.'
You see what I am up against? And this was one of the more
modest offerings. The most depressing thing is that my wife and
children can eat this stuff and not put on an ounce. When the waitress
came, my wife said: ‘The children and I will have the De Luxe
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Supreme Goo Skillet Feast, with extra cheese and sour cream, and a
side order of onion rings with hot fudge sauce and biscuit gravy.’
‘And for Mr. Blimpy here?’
‘Just bring him some dried bran and a glass of water.’
When, the following morning over a breakfast of oat flakes and
chaff, I expressed to my wife the opinion that this was, with all
respect, the most stupid diet I had ever come across, she told me to
find a better one, so I went to the library. There were at least 150
books on diet and nutrition — Dr. Berger’s Immune Power Diet,
Straight Talk About Weight Control, The Rotation Diet — but they
were all a little earnest and bran-obsessed for my tastes. Then I saw
one that was precisely of the type I was looking for. By Dale M.
Atrens, Ph.D., it was called Don’t Diet. Now here was a title I could
work with.
Relaxing my customary aversion to consulting a book by anyone
so immensely pratty as to put ‘Ph.D.’ after his name (I don’t put Ph.D.
after my name on my books, after all — and not just because I don’t
have one), I took the book to that reading area that libraries put aside
for people who are strange and have nowhere to go in the afternoons,
and devoted myself to an hour’s reflective study.
Atrens points out is that fat is exceedingly stubborn. Even when
you starve yourself half to death, the body shows the greatest
reluctance to relinquish its fat reserves.
Consider that each pound of fat represents 5,000 calories — about
what the average person eats in total in two days. That means that if
you starved yourself for a week — ate nothing at all — you would
lose no more than З1/2 pounds of fat, and, let’s face it, still wouldn’t
look a picture in your swimming costume.
Having tortured yourself in this way for seven days, naturally you
would slip into the pantry when no one was looking and eat
everything in there but a bag of chickpeas, and gain back all the loss,
plus — and here’s the crux — a little something extra because now
your body knows that you have been trying to starve it and are not to
be trusted, so it had better lay in a little extra wobble in case you get
any more foolish notions.
This is why dieting is so frustrating and hard. The more you try to
get rid of your fat, the more ferociously your body holds onto it.
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So I have come up with an ingenious alternative diet. I call it the
Fool-Your-Body-20-Hour-a-Day Diet. The idea is that for 20 hours in
each 24 you ruthlessly starve yourself, but at four selected intervals
during the day — for convenience we’ll call them breakfast, lunch,
dinner and midnight snack — you feed your body something like a
plate of sausage, chips and beans, or a large bowl of double chocolate
fudge ice cream, so that it doesn't realize that you are starving it.
Brilliant, eh?
I don’t know why I didn’t think of this years ago. I think it may be
that all this bran has cleared my head. Or something.
NOTE
1. Pay attention to the difference in the following American
and British terms:
AmE elevator cf. BrE lift — лифт
AmE chickpea/ garbanzo /garbanzo bean cf. BrE chickpea —
турецкий горох
AmE swim suit/ bathing suit cf. BrE swimming costume —
купальник (сплошной)
CULTURAL ASSOCIATIONS
Look up the following entries in the Dictionary of U. S. Life and
Culture (Жизнь и культура США: Лингвострановедческий
словарь) or other dictionaries and encyclopedias:
bran
-burger
cheeseburger
chickpea
onion rings
ounce
Ph.D.
Get ready to read the text aloud in class. Make sure you know
the pronunciation of all the words. Express the meaning of each
sentence clearly.
127
COMPREHENSION CHECK
1. Why did the family members call the author “Mr. Blimpy”?
2. What kind of diet did his wife choose for him?
3. How serious is the obesity problem in the U.S.?
4. What diseases can be caused by obesity?
5. What does “Chilli Cheese Tater Skillet” represent?
6. What did the author’s family members order in a restaurant
and what was given to him? Why?
7. Why was he so dissatisfied with his diet?
8. What attracted him in the diet book entitled “Don’t Diet”?
9. What kind of information did he get from the book? What did
the book make him think about?
10. Why is the process of dieting so difficult and frustrating?
11. Describe the alternative diet invented by the author. Why did
he think it was brilliant?
12. How did bran products help him?
ACTIVE VOCABULARY
to live off the fat of the land — to have enough money to be able to
afford expensive things, food, drink, etc.
cholesterol n — a substance found in blood, fat and most tissues of
the body.
to starve v — to suffer or die because you do not have enough food to
eat; to make somebody suffer or die in this way: The animals were
left to starve to death.
to starve somebody/something of something — [usu. passive] to
not give something that is needed: I felt starved of intelligent
conversation.
to starve oneself to death — to make yourself die because of the
lack of food.
overweight adj — 1. (of people) too heavy and fat: She was only a
few pounds overweight. Antonym: underweight. 2. above an
allowed weight: overweight baggage.
128
diabetes n — a medical condition caused by a lack of insulin, which
makes the patient produce a lot of urine and feel very thirsty.
high blood pressure — the pressure of blood as it travels around the
body: to have high / low blood pressure; to take (= measure)
somebody’s blood pressure.
cancer n — a serious disease in which growths of cells, also called
cancers, form in the body and kill normal body cells. The disease
often causes death: lung / breast cancer; cancer of the bowel/
stomach; cancer patients; cancer research.
cutlet n — a small piece of meat for one person cut with a bone
connected to it: lamb cutlet. Cf. chop — a small piece of meat, esp.
lamb or pork, usu. containing a bone.
to date v somebody — to have a romantic relationship with
somebody: She’s been dating Ron for several months.
date n — a boyfriend or girlfriend with whom you have arranged a
date: My date is meeting me at seven.
spice n — 1. one of the various types of powder or seed that come
from plants and are used in cooking. Spices have a strong taste and
smell: common spices such as ginger and cinnamon; a spice jar.
2. extra interest or excitement: We need an exciting trip to add
some spice to our lives.
spicy adj — (of food) having a strong taste because spices have
been used to flavor it. Synonym: hot.
melted cheese — cheese made liquid by heating.
sour cream — cream that has been made sour by adding bacteria to it,
and used in various foods.
gravy n — the juice that comes out of meat as it cooks, thickened
with flour, etc., to serve with meat and vegetables.
oat flakes — small, very thin layers or pieces of oats.
to look a picture — to look very beautiful or special.
129
frustrating adj — causing you to feel annoyed and impatient because
you cannot do or achieve what you want: It’s frustrating to have to
wait so long.
ferocious adj — very aggressive or violent; very strong: a ferocious
beast / attack / storm; ferocious determination; ferocious
opposition to the plan.
ingenious adj — 1. (of an object, a plan, an idea, etc.) very suitable
for a particular purpose and resulting from clever new ideas: an
ingenious device; ingenious ways of saving energy. 2. (of a person)
having a lot of clever new ideas and good at inventing things: an
ingenious cook. She’s very ingenious when it comes to finding
excuses. Cf. ingenuous (often derogatory, of a person or behavior) —
simple, direct, and inexperienced: Only the most ingenuous person
would believe such a feeble excuse.
snack n — a small meal or amount of food, usu. eaten in a hurry: a
mid-morning snack;a snack lunch. I only have time for a snack at
lunchtime.
bean n — 1. a seed of any of various upright climbing plants, esp. one
that can be used as food. 2. a plant that produces beans. 3. a seed of
certain other plants, from which food or drink can be made:
coffee / cocoa beans.
ASSIGNMENTS
I. Translate the sentences paying attention to the active
vocabulary:
1. The new job doesn’t pay as much but we won’t starve!
2. Do you serve bar snacks?
3. Scientists have established a connection between cholesterol
levels and heart disease.
4. We can’t stand idly by (= do nothing) and let people starve.
5. There was no escaping the fact that he was overweight.
6. Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight
against cancer.
7. The department has been starved of resources.
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