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Файл:Steps in Speaking English (Шаги в разговорном английском). Учебно-методическое пособие
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11. What is an ideal dating for you?
Exercise 9. Discuss with other students.
1. What do you think about speed-dating?
2. Do you think it might be a good way to get a
boyfriend/girlfriend?
3. Have you got a girlfriend/boyfriend? How did you meet and
become acquainted?
4. What is the most romantic way to meet each other?
Exercise 10. Read the text.
Book of the week. Why Men Don't Iron.
by Anne and Bill Moir
A lot of people believe that society – our family friends and teachers
– teaches boys and girls to behave differently. They say that as adults
we should change this. The 'new man' should cook, look after the
children, be more emotional and less aggressive. He should be tidier,
more cooperative and a better listener. But is this change impossible
for men? Can men be as cooperative as women, for example?
The differences are obvious from a very early age. At school, boys
are messier and more competitive than girls: boys like to win! But
girls are better students: they're more hard-working than boys and
they do more homework. Girls may be more talkative than boys, but
boys are noisier. Some doctors believe that baby girls are stronger
than baby boys. But at school age, girls aren't as strong as boys.
Why? Does society change us?
In their book Why Men Don't Iron Anne and Bill Moir explain their
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extreme date – экстремальное свидание
15
put a face to a name – встретиться впервые вживую, будучи заочно знакомы
16
face–to–face date – личное свидание
17
meet the parents – знакомство с родителями
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view that men are more aggressive, more active, etc., because they
are born that way. And society can't change their behavior.
Exercise 11. Read the text again. In pairs, answer the questions.
1. What do many people believe about men's behavior?
2. What do these people think modern men should do?
3. Do the Moirs think men can change very much?
4. What do you think? Are men and women born with different
behavior or do they learn it?
5. Have you ever heard the phrase “iron lady”18? How do you
understand it?
6. Do you think that nowadays there are a lot of iron ladies?
7. Why did iron ladies appear?
Exercise 12. Compare male and female behavior. Complete the
questionnaire below. What do you think? In groups, compare your
opinions and discuss any differences.
Men or women? Generally, who are:
- Stronger?
- Noisier?
- More talkative?
- More intelligent?
- Happier?
- More hardworking?
- More competitive?
- More romantic?
- Messier?
18
“Iron Lady” is a nickname that has frequently been used to describe female
heads of government around the world. The term describes a "strong willed"
woman. This iron metaphor was first and most famously applied to Margaret
Thatcher.
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- More aggressive?
- More cooperative?
- Better drivers?
- More interested in sport?
- Better with young children?
- Better cooks?
- Better mechanics?
Communication: Telephone calls
Planning a call
Exercise 13. Think about your last call in English.
1 Did you plan the call?
2 What time of day did you call? Was it the best time?
3 Who did you need to speak to? Did you get through to them or did
you speak to someone else?
4 What were the objectives of the call? Did you achieve them?
5 What question did the other person ask? Could you answer them?
6 What phrases did you use?
7 What would you say if you couldn’t get through?
8 What would you say if you got an answer machine or voicemail?
Phone calls can be stressful and it is easy to forget key information.
When talking in a foreign language, write down words or
expressions you’ll need, and practice saying them before you call.
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Exercise 14. Plan your next telephone call in English. Complete the
plan below.
Who am I calling?
Best time of day to call?
If that person isn’t available, is there anyone else I can speak to?
Objectives of the call?
Questions the other person might ask?
Useful phrases:
What will I say if I have to leave a message?
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Lesson IV. Extreme sports, Survival, Camping
Vocabulary. Extreme sports.
rock climbing, scuba diving,19 free diving20, windsurfing21,
snowboarding, skateboarding, parachuting/skydiving22 , water
skiing, roller-skating, zorbing/globe–riding23, paragliding24,
cave exploring, mountain biking, quad biking25,
bungy/bridge jumping26, helicopter rides, white-water rafting27
Scuba diving – explore tropical reefs and shipwrecks, and swim
with sharks, eagle rays or dolphins. Take lessons together if you are
not yet licensed.
White Water Rafting – an adrenaline packed, rough ride down a
torrential river will provided you with hours of enjoyable and
challenging adventures.
Sky Diving – for the high of a lifetime take to the skies with this
daredevil activity.
Helicopter rides – take an exhilarating helicopter, ride over your
city and see the sites from a different viewpoint.
Go cave exploring – the difficulty of this adventure depends on the
cave being visited, but will always include crawling and climbing and
making extensive use of ropes.
19
scuba diving – подводное плавание с аквалангом
20
free diving – ныряние без акваланга
21
windsurfing – виндсёрфинг
22
parachuting/skydiving – прыжки с парашютом
23
zorbing/globe–riding – зорбинг
24
paragliding – параглайдинг, парапланеризм
25
quad biking – катание на квадрациклах
26
bungy/bridge jumping – прыжки с парашютом с высотных зданий и мостов
27
white–water rafting – рафтинг, сплав по бурной реке
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Bridge Jumping – being securely strapped into a body harness,
flinging yourself of a bridge is the ultimate adrenaline rush.
Mountain biking – this fun, fast moving sport requires self–reliance,
excellent bike riding ability and loads of endurance.
Rock Climbing – climbing a sheer rock face using only the muscles
in your arms and legs takes control and strength. This is not for a first
time spider man!
Quad biking – get into exploring dirt roads, streams and waterfalls,
and nature in general with adrenaline filled rides.
Zorbing – sport of rolling downhill in an orb, generally made of
plastic.
Exercise 1. Ask and answer about your sport experience, using words
from vocabulary.
Example. Have you ever been scuba diving?
Exercise 2. Talk to other students and find out:
1. Who has done dangerous sports?
2. Who enjoyed them?
3. Who hated them?
4. Who wants to try them?
5. What other kinds of sport have they done? Were they dangerous?
6. Will you allow your children to try dangerous kinds of sport?
7. When did you last play volley- ball?
8. Do you prefer to play volley-ball on the beach or at the gym?
9. Which of you does your morning exercise every day?
10. Did your parents go in for sports in their childhood?
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Exercise 3. Read the texts.
Going up
In 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzmg Norgay climbed to the top
of Mount Everest. The next challenge was to climb it without bottled
oxygen. This was the goal of Austrian climbers Peter Habeler and
Reinhoid Messner. Doctors said they were crazy and told them not to
try it. They tried it anyway. On 8 May 1978, they were about 800
meters from the top of Everest. They woke at 3a.m. and began
preparing. It took them two hours to get dressed. Every breath was
precious
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and they used their hands to communicate. Climbing was
slow. Messner thought he was going to burst like a balloon. At 8,800
meters, they stopped and lay down every few steps because of the
lack of oxygen. But between one and two in the afternoon they
achieved their 'impossible' goal. They reached the top of Mount
Everest without oxygen.
Going down
Most people can hold their breath long enough to dive to the bottom
of a swimming pool, but on 17 August 2002, Tanya Streeter went a
lot, lot deeper. The 29-year-old held her breath for 3 minutes 26
seconds and became the world free-diving champion. She dived 160
meters below the surface of the sea (that's further than three football
pitches). During the dive her lungs shrank29 to the size of oranges.
Her heart slowed to fifteen beats a minute and she sang her national
anthem in her head to control her fear. Tanya says that her mental
strength is more important than her physical strength. 'I am a very
determined person. When I decide to do something, I do it. "Redefine
your limits" is my motto30.
Exercise 4. Look through the texts again and mark the statements
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precious – very valuable and important
29
to shrink (Past Indefinite shrank) – to get smaller
30
motto – a phrase that expresses your believes
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true, false or don’t know. Retell this text, using this plan and word
combinations.
1. Habeler and Messner didn't listen to their doctors.
2. It took them two hours to go 800 meters.
3. The main problem was breathing.
4. They were given an award for their achievement.
5. Tanya Streeter holds the world record for holding her breath.
6. She has a good trainer.
7. She was afraid during her dive.
8. She didn't know how to control her fear.
9. She feels that being physically strong isn't the most important
thing.
Exercise 5. Discuss how would you feel about diving a long way
under the sea and climbing mountain like Mount Everest? How
would you feel making a parachute jump?
Vocabulary. Right aiming31.
physical/mental strength – the physical or mental ability to deal with
difficult situations
control your fear – make yourself feel less frightened
rely on – trust or depend on someone or something
a challenge – something new, exciting or difficult to do
achieve your goal – succeed in getting the result you wanted or hoped
for
believe in yourself – be sure that you will do everything all right
Exercise 6. Answer these questions:
1. Which activities need a) mental strength, b) physical strength or c)
both?
2. What are you afraid of? E.g. flying, crowded places, heights, etc.
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right aiming – правильные (жизненные) установки
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3. Do you do anything to help control your fear? If yes, what?
4. What are your goals at the moment? How will you achieve them?
5. Do you enjoy a challenge at work/in your leisure time?
6. Who or what do you rely on most in times of need?
7. How to believe in yourself?
8. What helps you to overcome difficulties?
9. Do you become nervous easily?
Vocabulary. Character features.
determined – never let anyone/anything stop you
intelligent – can understand things quickly
confident – feel sure
brave – be afraid of nothing
ambitious – want to be successful and powerful
generous – give your time and money to other people
talented – have a lot of natural abilities
reliable – always do what you say you will do
Exercise. 7. Tell another student about people you know who have
each of the characteristics above.
Example. My friend's really generous. He always lends me money.
Exercise 8. What kind of people do you think Habeler and Messner
are? What words do you think describe them?
Vocabulary. Difficult situations.
Abilities – skills
Deal with – cope with
Place to sleep outside – shelter
Try very hard – push yourself
Nature – wilderness
Something difficult to do – challenge
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Exercise 9. Ask and answer these questions changing the underlined
words with the words above:
1. How long do you think you could survive in the wilderness?
2.What survival skills do you have?
3.Could you build a shelter in a forest?
4.What is the biggest challenge in your life at the moment?
5.Do you always push yourself in difficult situations?
6.Do you cope with new situations well (e.g. living in a different
city)?
Exercise 10. Read the speech of the instructor.
Good evening and thank you for coming to find out about the
Pleasantville Survival School. My name's Daniel Johnson. I started
the school and I'm the School's chief instructor. I learned my survival
skills while I was in the army and since then I've used them all over
the world. Before starting the Pleasantville Survival School, I worked
in other well-known survival schools. My real aim for this school is
to help people discover nature and outdoor life but also to learn and
to have fun. We run a variety of courses but our basic survival course
lasts a weekend and takes place throughout the year. This course
teaches you the basic skills that you need to survive in the wilderness
and during the course you have a lot of opportunities to practice these
skills. This course costs $139 per person.
If you want an even bigger challenge, our extreme survival course
takes place between November and February when the conditions are
more difficult. These courses also last for a weekend and cost $149
per person.
The extreme survival course teaches you to survive in a cold and wet
environment. The course offers you the chance to push yourself, both
physically and mentally. No tents, no gas cookers, just you and the
wilderness. You learn to find and prepare food and cook it over an
open fire. You learn to build a shelter and then you actually sleep in
it. Most importantly, you learn a lot about yourself and how well you
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