Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Polimers. Учебное пособие по подготовке к интернет-экзамену по английскому языку
.pdf
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925, prohibiting "the
use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3. As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Определите, является ли утверждение:
The massive use of chemicals was in World War I.
a) ложным
b) истинным
c) в тексте нет информации
Задание 29. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical
weapons is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925,
prohibiting "the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other
gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3. As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Определите, является ли утверждение:
Chemical warfare was widely used after World War П.
a) ложным
b) истинным
c) в тексте нет информации
Задание 30. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925, prohibiting "the
use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3. As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Определите, является ли утверждение:
Modem lethal chemical weapons employed the organo-phosphorus
nerve agents first produced but not used during World War П.
a) ложным
b) истинным
c) в тексте нет информации
Задание 31. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925, prohibiting "the
use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agent was in World War I. It was
the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3. As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 1, 4)
соответствует следующая идея:
Chemical weapons can cause different disorders of the nervous
system.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Задание 32. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925, prohibiting "the
use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3.As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 1, 4)
соответствует следующая идея:
The development of chemical weapons resulted in improvement of
protective methods.
a) 3
b) 1
c) 2
d) 4
Задание 33. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1.Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925,
prohibiting "the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other
gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasiona-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
3.As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Ответьте на вопрос:
Why was gas considered to be an inefficient chemical weapon
during World War I?
a) The use of gases was prohibited.
b) There were effective protective measures against it.
c) Its production was rather expensive.
d) Its application was complicated and time-consuming.
Задание 34. Прочитайте текст
CHEMICAL WARFARE
1. Chemical warfare is the use of chemical compounds in
warfare and the methods of combating such agents. The term
usually refers to the use of chemical agents, both lethal and
non-lethal, that attack the human organism by paralyzing the
nervous system; inducing temporary blindness, deafness,
paralysis; causing severe bums to skin, eyes, or lungs; or
stifling respiration. Also included are chemical defoliants and
herbicides for military purposes, such as those used in the
Vietnam War. World-wide revulsion toward chemical weapons
is embodied in the Geneva Protocol of 1925,
prohibiting "the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other
gases."
2. Toxic smokes and other toxic substances were used
occasional-ly in war from ancient times, but the earliest largescale use of chemical warfare agents was in World War I. It
was the German attack with chlorine released from thousands of
cylinders along a four-mile (six-kilometre) front at Ypres on April
22, 1915. that initiated the massive use of chemicals in that conflict.
5. As other gases and more effective delivery methods were
introduced, so too were improved defenses. The defense kept pace,
with the introduction of better gas masks, protective clothing, and
battlefield tactics for minimizing exposure. More than 100.000 tons
of various chemical warfare agents were used in World War I; but
gas was an unimportant weapon in overall military terms, largely
because of the effectiveness of defenses against it.
4. In World War П, chemical weapons were stockpiled by
both sides, but they were not used and were not integrated into
military planning. Records indicated various reasons for this:
military opinion that chemical weapons would be no more
effective than conventional weapons and would complicate
and delay operations, fear of retaliation, especially against
civilian centres, and aversion to gas warfare by political and
military leaders. Chemical weapons were used in only a few of
the more than 200 wars fought after World War I.
Определите основную идею текста:
a) The use of chemical compounds attacking human
organism in warfare is prohibited and considered not
to be effective.
b) Modern conventional weapons are more effective
than chemical warfare.
c) Chemical warfare also includes defoliants and
herbicides.
d) Toxic smokes and substances were used in ancient
times.
Keys to Test F51
вар 1 вар.2 вар3 вар.4
1 b b b c
2 b b b c
3 a b c c
4 d c d c
5 c a a d
6 a c a c
7 d d d d
8 d b c a
9 d c b d
10 b a c c
11 d b b c
12 d c c d
13 b a a b
14 a a b a
15 a c c d
16 a b a a
17 a a b d
18 a b d b
19 b d a a
20 c d c d
21 c d a c
22 d d c c
23 a,b,e,d,c e,d,c,b,a, a,b,e,d,c d,b,a,c,
24 d,a,c,e,f,b c,d,b,e,a,f e,f,c,d,b d,e,c,b,f,a
25 a c d c
26 b,c,a,d,a b,d,c,a c,b,a,d b,c,d,a
27 a a a b
28 b a b b
29 c b b a
30 a c c c
31 b a a a
32 d b a a
33 d d a b
34 d b d a
Библиография
1. Кутепова, М.М. The world of chemistry:Английский язык
для студентов-химиков /М.М. Кутепова.-М.:«Книжный дом
«Университет», 2001.-272с.
2. Васильева, Л. Деловая переписка на английском языке / Л.
Васильева.-3-е изд.-М.:Айрис-пресс, 2000 - 352с.
3.Мифтахова, Н.Х. Практический курс грамматики английского
языка.:Учебное пособие /Н.Х.Мифтахова. - Казань
Казан.гос.технолог.ун-т.,2005-216с.
Резник, Р.В. Грамматика английского языка для учащихся
4.
средней школы / Р.В. Резник, Т.С. Сорокина, Т.А. Казарицкая. –
2-е и
зд. – М.: Просвещение, 1991. – 175 с.
5. www. wikipedia.com-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]