Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_3781_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
.pdf
414
https://t.me/medicina_free
Index
Edge-to-edge technique, 192
Ehler-Danlos syndrome, 76
EKG, 397
Electrocardiogram (ECG), 35, 93
Elongated one-piece aortic cannula
(EOPA), 255
Embolization, 69
Emphasis, 99
Endarterectomy, 281
Endocardial cushion defect, 166, 170
Endocarditis, 154, 166
antimicrobial management, 208
clinical presentation, 206, 207
common organisms and etiology, 206
diagnostic criteria, 207
risk factors for, 205
special considerations
intravenous drug use, 211
prosthesis selection, 210
prosthetic valves, 211
surgical intervention, 209, 210
Endovascular fenestration and stenting, 256
Endovascular repair, 232
Endovascular repair of descending thoracic
aortic aneurysms (TEVAR)
operative repair, 233, 234
preoperative planning, 232, 233
Endovascular therapy, 257, 258
End-stage lung disease, 355
End-to-end anastomosis, 361
Epinephrine, 96
Erythropoietin (EPO), 100
Experimental heart transplantation, 9
Explant technique, 360
Extracorporeal life support organization
(ELSO), 326, 327
Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation
(ECMO), 278, 360
cannulation strategies, 329–331
circuit function and monitoring, 331, 332
complications and
troubleshooting, 333–335
congurations, 325
contraindications, 328
V-A ECMO, 326, 327
V-P ECMO, 327
V-V ECMO, 326
weaning, 332
Extracorporeal pumps, 322
Extubation, 402
F
Femoral cannulation, 254
Fibrinogenemia, 106
Fibrous skeleton, 19, 20
Fick’s principle, 396
First assistant, 387
Fluoroscopy, 83
Focused assessment for trauma (FAST), 265
Fogarty balloon catheters, 278
Fontan repair, 382, 383
Fractional ow reserve (FFR), 86
Free wall rupture (FWR), 133, 139
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP), 106
G
Gastroepiploic artery, 128
Gastrohepatic ligament, 270
Greater saphenous vein, 128
Gross, Robert, 2
Guideline-directed medical therapy
(GDMT), 124
H
Harlequin syndrome, 333
Heart failure (HF), 57, 384
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
(HFpEF), 57
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF), 57
Heart failure, stages of, 346
Heart lung machine
advancement of, 4
for cardiopulmonary bypass, 4
components of, 109
safety, 110
Heart, surgical anatomy, 13–15
aorta, 22, 23
aortic valve, 22
conduction system, 24, 25
coronary vasculature, 16, 17
coronary veins, 19
brous skeleton, 19, 20
left coronary artery, 17, 18
mitral valve, 21
pulmonic valve, 21, 22
right coronary artery, 18, 19
tricuspid valve, 20, 21
Heart transplantation, 345
Index
https://t.me/medicina_free
415
contraindications, 347
criteria for medical urgency, 347, 348
donor selection, 348, 349
immunosuppression, 352
indications, 346, 347
outcomes, 353
post-operative care considerations, 353
pre-transplantation assessment, 345, 346
surgical techniques
donor cardiectomy, 350
DPP protocol, 351
implant techniques, 351
NRP protocol, 351
preservation options, 350
HeartMate II, 339
HeartMate3, 339
Hemiarch replacements, 222
Heparin, 105, 350
Heparin dosage and reversal, 111
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), 111
Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK)
cardioplegia, 6
Homograft valve
development of, 8
replacement, 7
Human-to-human heart transplant, 10
HVAD, 339
Hybrid approach, 232
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 74
alcohol septal ablation, 311
clinical presentation, 307
diagnostic evaluation, 308
management of, 308, 309
septal myectomy, benets and risk of,
310, 311
transaortic septal myectomy, 309, 310
transatrial myectomy, 310
treatment algorithm, 309
Hypnotics, 94
Hypothermia, 112, 120
Hypothermic circulatory arrest, 222
Hypothermic perfusate, 350
I
Imaging sequences, 59
Impella®, 315
indications, 316
placement/positioning, 317
removal, 318
settings, 317
weaning, 318
Impella® RP, 322
Implant technique, 361
Incompetent lesions, 95
Infective endocarditis (IE), 68, 69, 205–208
Infrarenal abdominal aorta, 263
Inherited aortic conditions, 217
Innominate artery, 255
Inotropes, 398–399
Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), 86
Interagency registry for mechanically assisted
circulatory support
(INTERMACS), 338
Interatrial groove, 15
International Society for Heart and Lung
Transplantation (ISHLT), 355
Intervalvular brous body (IFB), 210
Intra-aortic balloon pump, 313
Intramural hematoma (IMH), 247, 251, 252
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), 86
Intravenous drug users (IVDU), 211
Iron deciency, 100
Ischemic cardiomyopathy, 153
Ischemic (secondary) MR, 158
Isolated tricuspid valve surgery, 170
K
Kocher maneuver, 271
Kommerell’s diverticulum, 374–375
Kussmaul’s sign, 293
L
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), 72
Law of Laplace, 217
Leaet repair, 172
Left anterior descending artery (LAD), 17
Left anterior descending bypass graft
(LIMA-LAD), 120
Left atrial appendage (LAA), 287
Left circumex artery (LCX), 17
Left coronary artery (LCA), 17, 18
Left dominant system, 17
Left brous trigone, 19
Left internal mammary artery (LIMA), 128
Left main coronary artery (LM), 17
Left ventricle (LV) aneurysm, 133
Left ventricular (LV) distension, 334
416
https://t.me/medicina_free
Index
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs),
337, 343
contraindications, 338
HeartMate II, 339
HeartMate3, 339
HVAD, 339
implantation, 340
indications, 337, 338
postoperative complications, 341, 342
selection for, 338
Left ventricular end diastolic pressure
(LVEDP), 294
Left ventricular function, 56
Left ventricular outow tract (LVOT), 194
Left ventricular pseudoaneurysms, 140
Left-heart bypass, 268
Left-sided sarcomas, 303
LifeSparc® pump, 318–320
Ligamentum arteriosum, 15
Limb ischemia, 335
Low-molecular-weight-heparin (LMWH), 277
Lung allocation score (LAS), 356, 357
Lung cancer, 304
Lung hilum dissection, 361
Lung transplantation, 10
donor pneumonectomy, 358–360
donor selection, 357, 358
immunosuppression, 362
indications for transplant and recipient
selection, 355, 356
lung allocation score, 356, 357
outcomes, 362, 363
recipient procedure, 360–362
single vs. double lung transplant, 357
M
Magnetic resonance angiography, 230
Malperfusion syndrome (MPS), 255, 256
denition and characterization, 256
endovascular therapy, 257, 258
Marfan’s syndrome, 76
Mattox Maneuver, 271
Mean arterial pressure (MAP), 111, 112, 265
Mechanical circulatory support (MCS), 384
Mechanical complications of acute myocardial
infarction (MCAMI)
evaluation
diagnostic studies, 135
initial management, 135
presentation, 134
incidence for, 133
risk factors for, 133
Mechanical heart valve, 7
Mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVR),
160, 161
Mechanical valves, 147
Medial eccentric annuloplasty, 172
Median sternotomy, 278
Meticulous surgical techniques, 345
Milrinone, 96
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery, 10, 11
Minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation
(MiECC), 104
MitraClip, 136
Mitraclip device, 194
Mitral annular calcication (MAC), 54, 161
Mitral regurgitation (MR), 54, 55, 153, 192
management of
decisions to operate, 156
ischemic (secondary) MR, 158
primary (degenerative), operative,
157, 158
SAM, 158
pathophysiology, 153–155
Mitral stenosis (MS), 53, 153, 194
management of, 159, 160
pathophysiology, 155, 156
Mitral TEER (M-TEER), 194
Mitral valve (MV), 21
anatomy of, 151–153
pathophysiology of, 153–156
disease, 192–195
replacement, 160
Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)
score, 34
Moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest
(MHCA), 222
Modied Duke Criteria, 207, 208
Motor vehicle accidents (MVA), 262
Multiple (and total) arterial
revascularization, 128
Mycotic aneurysms, 218, 231
Myocardial edema, avoidance of, 119
Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), 117
Myocardial perfusion, 72
Myocardial protection, 5–7
Myxomas, 301, 302
N
Narcotics, 94
National Organ Transplant Act of 1984, 347
National Trauma Data Bank analysis, 266
National Trauma Data Base (NTDB), 261
Native valvular evaluation, 60
Neochordal repair, 157
Neoplasms of heart
Index
https://t.me/medicina_free
417
differential diagnosis
myxomas, 301, 302
papillary broelastomas, 302, 303
sarcomas, 303
indications, 299
metastatic disease, surgery in
management, 304
surgical resection of primary malignancies,
303, 304
workup, 301
NEXUS aortic arch (TRIOMPHE), 224
Nitroglycerine, 96
Non-contrast scan, 60, 62
Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
(NSTEMI), 124
Non-ST segment elevation acute coronary
syndromes (NSTE-ACS), 83
Nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants
(NOACs), 100
Norepinephrine, 96
Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP),
349, 351
North-South syndrome, 333
Nuclear stress test, 37
O
Oblique sinus, 15
Obtuse marginal (OM) branches, 17
Off pump CABG (OPCAB), 129
On pump CABG (ONCAB), 129
Open aortic repair, 235
Open commissurotomy, 160
Open cutdown technique, 330
Open heart surgery, 3, 4
Organ care system (OCS), 349
Ozaki procedure, 147
P
Pacemaker leads, 172
Pacing, 397
Papillary broelastomas (PFE), 302, 303
Paralytics, 95
Paravalvular leakage (PVL), 196, 202
Paravalvular regurgitation, 148
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation, 2
Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU), 247, 252
Penetrating thoracic aortic trauma, 262
Penicillin allergy testing, 42
Percutaneous coronary intervention
(PCI), 83, 87
stent choice and DAPT duration, 88
vs. PTCA, 88
vs. surgical revascularization, 87, 88
Percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty (PTCA), 88
Pericardial disease
history, 292
imaging, 293
cardiac catheterization, 294
echocardiography, 293, 294
indication for surgery, 295, 296
operative techniques, 296
physical examination, 292
physiology, 292
Pericardial effusions, 404
Pericardial tissue, 14
Pericardiectomy, 292, 296
Pericarditis, 57
Pericardium, 13
anatomy, 289, 290
Perioperative medication management, 43
Phenylephrine, 96
Phrenic nerves, 15
pH-stat, 114
Plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA), 88
Polytrauma, 268
Porcine bioprostheses, 175
Positron emission tomography– computed
tomography (PET/CT), 230
Posterior interventricular groove, 15
Posteromedial papillary muscle, 21
Postoperative care
assessment and goals for immediate
postoperative period, 393, 394
chest x-rays evaluation, 400
complications after cardiac
surgery, 403–405
extubation, 402
uid management, 401, 402
hemodynamic monitoring, 395–398
laboratory evaluation, 400
sodium bicarbonate, use of, 402
warming, weaning sedation, waking, 401
Preload, 394
Preoperative autologous blood donation
(PABD), 100
Preoperative evaluation, 28
cardiac catheterization with coronary
angiography, 37
carotid artery studies, 39, 40
chest CT, 35
chest X-ray, 35
CTA of coronary arteries, 36
dental evaluation, 41, 42
consultations, 42
echocardiography, 36
418
https://t.me/medicina_free
Index
Preoperative evaluation (cont.)
electrocardiogram, 35
history of, 29
cardiac, 30
endocrine, 32
extremity, 32
gastrointestinal “, 31
general symptoms, 29
hematological, 31
neurological symptoms, 30
pulmonary, 30
urological, 31
infectious disease/microbiology, 34
laboratory studies, 33, 34
physical examination, 32, 33
pulmonary function tests, 39
stress testing, 36, 37
viability studies, 38
Preoperative risk assessment, 99
Primary (degenerative) MR, 157, 158
Primary heart tumors, 299
Primary tricuspid regurgitation, 166
Prociency in valve surgery, 8
Prosthesis selection, 148, 175, 210
Prosthetic tricuspid valves, 171
Prosthetic valve-patient mismatch (PPM), 148
Prosthetic valvular evaluation, 60
Protamine dosing, 111
Protek Duo® cannula, 318–320
Prothrombin complex concentrate
(PCC), 106
Pseudoaneurysm, 133, 272
Pulmonary artery anastomosis, 361
Pulmonary artery catheters (PAC), 97,
395, 396
Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, 97
Pulmonary artery pressure, 97
Pulmonary artery sarcoma, 304
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
(PCWP), 396
Pulmonary embolectomy, 278, 279
Pulmonary embolism, 276
Pulmonary Embolism Thrombolysis Trial, 277
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs), 39
Pulmonary physiology, 114
Pulmonary regurgitation or stenosis, 195
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, operative
techniques for, 281, 282
Pulmonary valve disease, 195
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), 286
Pulmonary venotomy, 240
Pulmonic valve, 21, 22
Pulse oximeter, 93
Pulsed Doppler and continuous wave
Doppler, 49
Pump thrombosis, 341
P2Y12 inhibitors, 101
R
Radial artery, 128
Ramus intermedius, 17
Randomized Evaluation of Mechanical
Assistance for the Treatment of
Congestive Heart Failure
(REMATCH), 339
Rapid cardiac arrest, 119
Real-time echocardiography, 56
Recipient cardiectomy, 353
Recurrent laryngeal branches, 15
Reimplantation technique, 9
Remodeling annuloplasty, 158
Remodeling technique, 8
Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion
of the Aorta (REBOA), 270, 271
Retrograde autologous priming (RAP), 104
Retrograde cardioplegia, 19, 120
Retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP), 115
Retroperitoneal zone classication, 270
Rheumatic aortic stenosis, 144
Rheumatic disease, 156
Rheumatic heart disease, 166
Rheumatic mitral stenosis, 53, 54
Right aortic arch, 23
Right coronary artery (RCA), 18, 19
Right brous trigone, 19
Right heart catheterization (RHC), 90,
137, 169
access, 90
data, 90
indications, 89
Right heart failure, 342
Right internal mammary artery (RIMA), 128
Right subclavian artery, 255
Right ventricular assist device (RVAD),
342, 343
Right ventricular end diastolic pressure
(RVEDP), 294
Right ventricular pressure, 97
Right-sided sarcomas, 303
Risk models and categories
short-term risk calculator, 40, 41
Society of Thoracic Surgeons Risk
Models, 40, 41
Root aortography, 200
Ross procedure, 147
Index
https://t.me/medicina_free
419
Rotaow®, 321, 322
S
Sapien (balloon-expanding), 197
Sarcomas, 303
Scientic Registry of Transplant Recipients
(SRTR), 353
Scrub person, 389
Second assistant, 387
Secondary (functional) tricuspid
regurgitation, 167
Secondary (ischemic) MR, 158
Seldinger technique, 317
Septal bounce, 294
Septal myectomy, benets and risk of,
310, 311
Short-term risk calculator, 40, 41
Single ventricle physiology, 381, 382
Single vs. double lung transplant, 357
Sinoatrial (SA) node, 24
Sinotubular junction, 22
Sinuses of Valsalva, 16
Small aortic roots, 148
Smoking cessation, 42
Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS), 266
Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Risk
Models, 40, 41
Sodium bicarbonate, use of, 402
Sondergaard’s groove, 15
Spinal cord ischemia, 243, 244
Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD), 125
Stanford and DeBakey classication, 248, 249
ST-elevation myocardial infarction
(STEMI), 83, 124
Stenotic lesions, 95
Stented bioprosthetic valves, 146
Stentless valves, 147
Step-and-shoot technique, 61
Stress echocardiography, 58
Stress testing, 36, 37
Stroke, 405
Stroke volume, 394
Structural heart disease, transcatheter
therapies, treated with, 192
aortic valve bioprosthetic failure, 192
aortic valve disease, 192
mitral valve disease, 192–195
pulmonary valve disease, 195
tricuspid valve disease, 195
Structural valve deterioration (SVD), 146
Stunned myocardium, 38
Subendocardial LGE, 72
Substrate depletion, avoidance of, 119
Sudden cardiac death, 370
Superior vena cava (SVC), 15
Supraventricular crest, 22
Surface cooling for open-heart
surgery, 3
Surgical AVR (SAVR), 192, 196, 197
Suspected acute aortic syndrome (AAS), 76
Swan-Ganz catheter, 89, 94, 97
Sweep ow, 331
Synthetic antibrinolytic agents, 102
Systemic anticoagulation, 277
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR), 397
Systolic anterior motion (SAM), 158
T
Tamponade, 56, 57
TandemHeart®, 322
Telemetry, 397
Temperature probe, 93
Temporary implantable biventricular assist
devices (BiVAD), 320, 321
Temporary left ventricular assist device
(tLVAD), 315
Temporary mechanical circulatory support
extracorporeal pumps, 322
Impella, 315–318
Impella® RP, 322
indications, 313
LifeSparc® pump, 318–320
placement/positioning, 314
Protek Duo® cannula, 318–320
removal, 315
settings and augmentation assessment,
314, 315
TandemHeart®, 322
temporary implantable biventricular assist
devices (BiVAD), 320, 321
weaning, 315
Tendon of Todaro, 20
Tetralogy of Fallot, 2, 5
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), 367
anatomy/pathophysiology, 367
complications, 368
initial operation, 367
reoperative surgery, 368, 369
Thebesian veins, 19
Thermodilution, 396
Thoracic aorta, 23, 216
Thoracic aortic trauma
initial evaluation, 263, 264
mechanism of, 262
420
https://t.me/medicina_free
Index
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR),
81, 223, 224, 232–234, 258, 266,
267, 269
Thoracoabdominal aorta, 237
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms
(TAAAs), 227, 235
classication, 227
history and physical examination, 229
management and treatment, 231
open vs. endovascular, 232
management and treatment, 231
postoperative care and complications,
243, 244
testing, 229, 230
Thoracotomy, 267–270
Thrombocytopenia, 105
Thromboelastography (TEG), 102, 103
Thrombosis, 334
Tissue characterization, 71
Toldt (peritoneal reection), 271
Tone heart, 5
Topical hypothermia, 350
Tranexamic acid (TXA), 102
Transaortic septal myectomy, 309, 310
Transatrial septal myectomy, 310
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
(TAVR), 11, 67, 192, 193
complications, 202
imaging evaluation, 198, 199
valve morphology and sizing, 199
patient selection, 196, 197
prosthesis, 197
access, 198
transfemoral, 200–202
Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR), 67
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement
(TMVR), 194
Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement
(TPVR), 68, 195
Transcatheter therapies, structural heart
disease, treated with
aortic valve bioprosthetic failure, 192
aortic valve disease, 192
mitral valve disease, 192–195
pulmonary valve disease, 195
tricuspid valve disease, 195
Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement
(TTVR), 68
Transcatheter valve technology, 102
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), 50,
51, 94, 168, 171, 251
Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), 30
Transplantation, 9, 10
Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), 49, 50,
135, 168, 301
Transverse sinus, 14–15
Triangle of Koch, 20
Tricuspid annuloplasty, 172
Tricuspid atresia, 167, 171
Tricuspid regurgitation, 55, 56, 169, 170
Tricuspid stenosis, 167
indications for intervention, 170
commissurotomy, 173
Tricuspid valve, 20, 21
anatomy, 166
disease, 195
history and physical examination, 167, 168
imaging
cardiac catheterization, 169
cross-sectional imaging, 168
echocardiography, 168
indications for interventions, 169
pathology
primary tricuspid regurgitation, 166
secondary (functional)tricuspid
regurgitation, 167
tricuspid atresia, 167
tricuspid stenosis, 167
prosthesis selection, 175
repair, 172, 173
replacement, 174, 175
surgery, operative approach, 171, 172
Tubes and lines assessment, 394
U
Ultrasound (US), 49, 230
Unstable angina, 124
V
Vagus nerves, 15
Valve repair and replacement, 7–9
Valve sparring root replacements
(VSRR), 8, 219
Valvular aortic stenosis (AS), 52
Valvular disease
infective endocarditis, 68, 69
pre-transcatheter procedure
assessment, 67, 68
valvular masses, 69
Valvular masses, 69
Vascular ring, 23, 371–374
Vasoactive agents, 95
Vasoactive medications, 96
Vasopressin, 96
Index
https://t.me/medicina_free
421
Vasopressors, 398–399
Vein mapping, 40
Velocity time index (VTI), 52
Veno-arterial (V-A) ECMO
cannulation strategies, 330, 331
contraindications, 328
indications, 326, 327
weaning from, 332, 333
Veno-pulmonary arterial (V-P) ECMO, 327
Veno-venous (V-V) ECMO, 333
cannulation strategies, 329, 330
contraindications, 328
indications, 326
Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scanning, 280
Ventricular assist device and the articial
heart, 10
Ventricular interdependence, 294
Ventricular septal defect (VSD), 4, 195
diagnosis, 137
management, 137
pathogenesis, 136
surgical repair, 138
Viability studies, 38
Video-assisted and robotic mitral valve
surgery, 11
Viscoelastic tests, 102
von Willebrand factor (vWF) deciency, 105
Vulnerable plaque, 63
W
Warm ischemia time (WIT), 349, 350
Waterston’s groove, 15
Wells and Geneva scoring systems, 276
White blood cell scan, 230
Windsocking effect, 234
X
Xenograft heart valves, 8
Y
Yacoub remodeling technique, 219
Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана