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INDEX
https://t.me/med1917
233
hemostasis
bleeding time test and, 136
de nition, 59, 129
heparin, de nition, 143
heparin lock, de nition, 151
hepatic artery, 67
hepatic vein, 68
herpes simplex virus (HSV), 177
Hevea braziliensis, 51
Hickman Line, 151–152
HICPAC (Healthcare Infection Control Practices
Advisory Committee), de nition, 37
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Account-
ability Act)
de nition, 3
provisions of, 20–21
Hippocrates, 6
histopathology, de nition, 3
histopathology department of pathology laboratory, 27
historical aspects of phlebotomy
bloodletting, 8–13
early beliefs/discoveries, 5–8
HIV (human immunode ciency virus)
as biological hazard, 40
de nition, 37
HIV antibody test, 177
housekeeping, 50
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 50
hub, de nition, 79, 83–84
Hubbard, Elbert, 212–213
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) test, 177
Humoral Theory, 6
humors, de nition, 3, 6
Hynson, Wescott, and Dunning, 13
hypodermic needles, 85
hypothyroidism in infants, 131
I
IgE antibodies, 51
IgG/IgM test, 177
iliac artery, 67
iliac vein, 68
incident report forms, 23–24
infants
collection of blood from, 144–146
heelsticks and, 124–126
hypothyroidism, 131
newborn screening, 130–132
phenylketonuria (PKU) screening, 130–131
procedure for lter paper collection for
newborns, 131–132
skin puncture and, 120–121
urine collection and, 162
inpatients, 100
insulin, de nition,
intelligence, 148
internal customer, de nition, 205
Internet usage, 210
Interpersonal Con ict (Wilmot and Wilmot), 198
interstitial uids, de nition, 119
interstitital uid, de nition, 117
intravenous therapy as complicating factor, 104
iron test, 177–178
Ivy bleeding time test, 137, 171
129
J
The Joint Commission (formerly JCAHO)
de nition, 37
general information, 40
jugular vein, 68
K
kidneys, 160–161
L
LabCorp, 25
laboratory tests
ABO blood typing, 168
acid phosphatase (ACP), 168–169
activated partial thromboplastin time
(APTT), 169
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 169
alcohol (ethyl/lega/medical), 169
aldolase, 169
alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 169
ammonia, 170
amylase, 170
antinuclear antibody (ANA), 170
arterial blood gases, 170
aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 171
bilirubin, 171
bleeding time test, 171
blood culture, 172
blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 172
calcium, 172
cholesterol, 172
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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INDEX
laboratory tests (continued)
chromosome analysis, 172–173
complete blood count (CBC), 173
cortisol, 173
creatine kinase (CK), 173–174
creatinine, 174
creatinine clearance, 174
cytologic study of urine, 174–175
digoxin, 175
electrolytes (Na/K/chloride/CO
/content/anion
2
gap), 175–176
ferritin, 176
glucose (2-hr postprandial), 176
glucose (random/fasting), 176
hemoglobin A1c, 177
HIV antibody, 177
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), 177
IgG/IgM, 177
iron, 177–178
lactic acid dehydrogenase (LD), 178
lipase, 178
magnesium, 178
occult blood in stool, 178
osmolality, 179
ova and parasites (O&P), 179
phenylketonuria (PKU), 179
prothrombin time (PT), 179
renin, 180
Rh typing, 180
rubella antibody, 180
sedimentation rate (erythrocyte sedimentation
rate, or ESR), 180–181
throat culture, 181
triglycerides, 181
uric acid, 181
urinalysis, 181
vitamin B
12
, 182
lactic acid dehydrogenase (LD) test, 178
lancets
as bloodletting instrument, 9
de nition, 79, 91–92
heelsticks and, 126
skin puncture and, 122
lateral
de nition, 117
heelsticks and, 120
latex allergy
de nition, 37
general information, 51–52
leech, de nition, 3
leeching, 11–12
legal issues
con dentiality, 21
procedures for incompetent/illegal actions, 22–24
refusal of treatment, 21
leukocyte, de nition,
59
leukocytes
de nition, 69–70
production/function of, 71, 73
ligate, de nition, 3
lipase test, 178
listening
de nition, 187
professionalism and, 191–192
loop of Henle, 160
loyalty, 212
lymphocyte, de nition, 59
lymphocytes
de nition, 73
function/life span of, 72
lymphostasis
and complicating factors of site selection, 104
de nition, 97
M
magnesium test, 178
masks, 50
mastectomy as complicating factor, 104
median cubital, 66–67
median cubital vein, de nition, 97–98
message, de nition, 187
microbiology department of pathology laboratory, 27
microtubes, 91–93
midstream urine specimen, 163
Modern Surgery, 11
monocyte, de nition, 59
monocytes
as component of blood, 70
de nition, 73
function/life span of, 72
morning rounds, de nition, 3
multiple-sample needles, 84–85
muscle strength/ exibility, 148
N
National Credentialing Agency (NCA), 210
NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laborato-
ries Standards). See also CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute)
general information, 39
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
INDEX
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235
needle holder, 86
needles (venipuncture)
collection supplies assembly and, 105
hypodermic needles, 85
multiple-sample needles, 84–85
needle holder, 86
syringes and, 86–87
types/sizes of, 83–84
wing-tipped (butter y) needles, 86
Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
de nition, 37
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 42
nephron
de nition, 159
of urinary system, 160
neutrophils
as component of blood, 70
de nition/function/life span of, 71–73
newborn screening. See infants
NIOSH (The National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health)
de nition, 37
general information, 39
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 43
nosocomial, de nition, 37
nosocomial infections, hand washing
and, 45
O
obligationism
de nition, 3
as type of ethical theory, 18
occult
de nition, 167
occult blood in stool test, 178
occult blood in stool test, 178
one-handed recapping method, 46
oral glucose tolerance testing, 135–136
order of draw
skin puncture and, 124
tube guide, 108–109
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Administration)
de nition, 37
engineering controls (bloodborne pathogen re-
duction) and, 42–44
general information, 38–40
hepatitis B vaccine (bloodborne pathogen reduc-
tion) and, 50–51
housekeeping (bloodborne pathogen reduction)
and, 50
PPE (bloodborne pathogen reduction) and,
47–48
work practices (bloodborne pathogen reduction)
and, 44–45
osmolality test, 179
osteomyelitis
de nition, 117
heelsticks and, 120
outpatients, 100
ova and parasites (O&P) test, 179
P
pathogens, de nition, 59, 71
patient
children, 146–147
communication skills for, 187–193
diet restrictions/time requirements and, 101
elderly, 147–149
and family members, 149
as identi ed inpatient, 100
as identi ed outpatient, 100
infants, 120–121, 124–126, 130–132, 144–146, 162
patient-focused care, 143, 155–156
point-of-care testing, 143, 156–157
special considerations, 155
as unidenti ed emergency patient, 100
patient-focused care, 155–156
de nition, 143
patient rights
HIPAA and, 20–21
Patients’ Bill of Rights, 18–19
Patients’ Bill of Rights, 19
pediatric blood collection
children, 146–147
infants, 144–146
Penrose-St. Francis Hospital (Colorado), 25
peripheral circulation, de nition, 59, 61–62
peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC), 151
peroneal artery, 67
peroneal vein, 68
personal appearance of phlebotomist, 15–16
personal protective equipment (PPE)
de nition, 37
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 47–48
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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personnel policies
drug-free workplace, 215
Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO),
214–215
on sexual harassment, 215
violence-free workplace, 215–216
worker’s compensation, 216
phenylalanine necessary for metabolizing protein
de nition, 129
phenylketonuria (PKU) test, 130–131, 179
phlebotomist
certi cation, 209–210
clinical assignment expectations for, 31–32
clinical laboratory departments using, 26–27
communication and, 205, 208
communication skills for, 187–193
competence and, 205, 208
courtesy and, 205, 208
credibility and, 205, 208
customer satisfaction and, 205, 206–207
de nition, 3
ethics and, 16–18
external/internal patients and, 206
health care facilities using, 25–26
HIPAA and, 20–21
patient rights and, 18–19
personnel policies for, 214–216
professionalism in, 13–16
qualities for success, 212–214
reliability and, 205, 207
researching potential employment,
responsiveness, 205, 207–208
security and, 205, 208
study/testing skills for, 28–31
tangibles and, 205, 208
and understanding/knowing customer, 205,
208–209
values and, 18
phlebotomy
de nition, 4
historical aspects of, 5–8
as pathology laboratory department, 27
physician’s order, 150
plantar, de nition, 117
plasma
de nition, 59, 66, 69
vacuum collection tubes and, 90
volume of blood, 70
platelets. See thrombocytes (platelets)
point-of-care testing, 156–157
de nition, 143
polycythenia
bloodletting and, 8
de nition, 3
popliteal vein, 68
portal vein
de nition,
Galen and, 6–7
positioning patient, 101
potassium, 175
prefainting, 153–154
pride in work, 214
Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 21
prioritizing orders, 99
privacy, HIPAA and, 3, 20–21
problem-solving. See also con ict management
professionalism. See also phlebotomist
importance of, 13–16
listening and, 191–192
speaking and, 188–191
telephone techniques, 192–193
prothrombin time (PT) test, 179
pulmonary circulation
de nition, 3, 59, 60
discovery of, 7
pus, 71
3
Q
quality assurance
de nition, 3
versus risk management, 24
Quest Diagnostics, 25
R
radial artery, 66–67
radial vein, 68
radiation safety, 54
random/spot urine specimen, 162
reactions
fainting, 154
hematoma, 154
prefainting, 153–154
recapping procedure, 46
red bone marrow, 70
re ective listening
as communication skill, 191–192
de nition, 187
refusal of treatment, 21
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
INDEX
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237
regulatory agencies (OSHA). See OSHA
(Occupational Safety and Health
Administration)
reliability
de nition, 205
as quality for success, 213
renal artery, 67
renal vein, 68
renin test, 180
respiratory system
de nition, 159
as excretory organs, 160
responsiveness, de nition, 205
Rh typing test, 180
risk management. See also biological hazards
de nition, 3, 21
procedures for incompetent/illegal actions,
22–24
routine collection
de nition, 97
prioritizing orders and, 99
routine venipuncture
collection supplies assembly for, 105–106
and complicating factors of site selection,
104–105
feel/roll/trace/palpate for, 103–104
procedure using evacuated system, 106–111
procedure using syringe/butter y needle
collection system, 112–114
site selection for, 102–103
rubella antibody test, 180
Rush, Benjamin, 13
S
safety. See biological hazards
saline, de nition, 143
saline lock, de nition, 151
saphenous vein, 68
scar tissue as complicating factor, 105
scari cation, 11
Seattle Children’s Hospital, 25
security, de nition, 205
sedimentation rate (erythrocyte sedimentation rate,
or ESR) test, 180–181
self-sheathing needles, 42
separating gel, 88
septicemia
blood cultures and, 133
de nition, 129
serum
de nition, 59, 75
vacuum collection tubes and, 90
sexual harassment, 215
See activated partial thromboplastin time
SGPT.
(APTT) test
sharp, de nition, 37
sharps, and OSHA reduction of bloodborne
pathogen exposure, 42–44
Sims Portex Needle Pro holder, 85
site selection
alternative sites, 149–151
point-of-care testing and, 156
for routine puncture, 102–103
for skin puncture, 119–120
skin puncture
blood composition and, 119
choosing, 118
collection devices for, 121–122
ngerstick procedure, 122–123
heelstick procedure, 124–126
order of draw, 124
site preparation for, 120
site selection for, 119–120
social contract theory
de nition, 3
as type of ethical theory, 17
sodium, 175
speaking, 187–191
specimen collection tubes, 42–43
splenic artery, 67
standard precautions, biological hazards and, 40–41
stat
de nition, 97
prioritizing orders and, 99
Steil, Lyman, 191
sterilize
de nition, 37
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 42
subclavian artery, 66–67
subclavian vein, 68
surgical pathology department of pathology
laboratory, 27
Surgicutt bleeding time test, 137–140
symbols
biohazard, 50–51
radiation, 54
syringe, de nition, 79
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
238
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INDEX
syringes, 86–87
systemic circulation
de nition, 59, 60
upper limbs of, 65–66
systole, de nition, 59, 61
systolic, de nition, 143
systolic pressure, reactions and, 154
T
T lymphocytes, 72
tangibles, de nition, 205
tape and bandages (venipuncture), 90
teamwork, 213
teleology
de nition, 3
as type of ethical theory, 17
telephone techniques, 192–193
Template bleeding time test, 137–140
tests. See laboratory tests
tetany
de nition, 143
as reaction, 154
thoracic artery, 67
throat culture test, 181
thrombocyte, de nition, 59
thrombocytes (platelets)
de nition, 69–70
function/life span of, 72
production/function of, 74–75
thrombosed, de nition, 97
thrombosed vein
as complicating factors of site selection, 105
and site selection for venipuncture, 102
tibial artery, 67
tibial vein, 68
timed collection
de nition, 97
prioritizing orders and, 99
timed-collection urine specimen, 164
toes and skin puncture, 119
tourniquet
blood cultures and, 134
collection supplies assembly and, 105
de nition, 79
triglycerides test, 181
tube guide, order of draw, 108–109
tunica adventitia, de nition, 59, 64
tunica intima, de nition, 59, 63–64
tunica media, de nition, 59, 64
U
ulnar artery, 66–67
understanding, de nition, 205
universal body substance precautions (UBSP)
de nition, 37
OSHA and, 40–41
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer
Center, 25
Unopette system, 91–93
ureter, 160–161
urethra, 160–162
uric acid test, 181
urinalysis department of pathology laboratory, 27
urinalysis test, 181
urinary system
de nition, 159
organs of, 160–162
urine
de nition, 159
general information, 162
urine tests
clean-catch specimen, 163–164
containers, 162–163
culture collection, 165
fasting specimen, 162
rst morning specimen, 163
midstream specimen, 163
random/spot specimen, 162
timed-collection specimen, 164
uric acid test, 181
urinalysis test, 181
urinary system, 160–162
urobilinogen
de nition, 167
urinalysis test and, 182
V
vaccinations, hepatitis B vaccine, 50–51
vacuum tube and blood collection, 13, 89–90,
106–111
values, de nition, 3, 18
values of tests. See laboratory tests
vascular access lines, central venous catheters
(CVC), 151–153
veins
of arm, 69
versus arteries, 63
blood ow and, 63
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
INDEX
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239
de nition, 59, 60
elderly, 148
of hands/legs, 149–150
overview of systemic circulation and, 68
and site selection for venipuncture,
102–103
vena cava, 68
venesection, 9–10
venipuncture. See also infants
alternative sites for, 149–151
blood transfer devices and, 87–88
de nition, 3–4
disinfectant (venipuncture), 83
disposal units and, 90–91
dorsal hand vein venipuncture, 145–146
gloves and, 91
hypodermic needles, 85
and interacting with patient, 100–102
multiple-sample needles, 84–85
needle holders and, 86
normal values. See laboratory tests
and organization of workload, 99
physiological reactions, 153–154
syringes and, 86–87
tape and bandages and, 90
types/sizes of needles, 83–84
wing-tipped (butter y) needles, 86
venipuncture (routine)
collection supplies assembly for, 105–106
and complicating factors of site selection,
104–105
feel/roll/trace/palpate for, 103–104
procedure using evacuated system,
106–111
procedure using syringe/butter y needle collec-
tion system, 112–114
selecting site for, 102–103
venipuncture (skin puncture)
blood composition and, 119
choosing, 118
collection devices for, 121–122
ngerstick procedure, 122–123
heelstick procedure, 124–126
order of draw, 124
site preparation for, 120
site selection for, 119–120
ventricles, de nition, 59, 60
venules
blood ow and, 63
de nition, 59, 65
vertebral artery, 67
Vesalius, Andreas, 7
violence-free workplace, 215–216
vision loss, 148
W
Washington, George, 13
white blood cells. See leukocytes
Wilmot, Joyce, 198
Wilmot, William, 198
wing-tipped (butter y) needles, 79, 86
work practices
and OSHA reduction of bloodborne pathogen
exposure, 44–45
work settings
clinical laboratory departments using phleboto-
mists, 25–26
health care facilities using phlebotomists, 25–26
worker’s compensation, 216
Y
yellow bone marrow, 70
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
https://t.me/med1917
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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