for diagnostic and treatment of diseases [3–5]. Drug delivery systems are defined as formulations and approaches to protect, release, and transport therapeutic agents into a targeted site [6–12]. Drug delivery is a process to administrate pharmaceutical compounds in humans or animals [13]. Researchers are being conducted to buildnew and novel materials for effective delivery of drugs at targeted sites [14]. Such systems have the power to treat multiple diseases very effectively. The traditional methods of drug administration have several issues. However, using of nano drug carriers has the potency of several benefits, such as selective and stronger binding to a particular site, lesser dosing frequency, better absorption, and enhanced stability and efficacy of the drug, with reductions in toxic metabolites. In recent times, different technologies using different nanomaterials havebeen developed and used [6]. Innovations in mate­rials chemistry have initially fuelled the progress of drug delivery systems, creating carriers that are biocompatible, biodegradable, targeting, and stimulus-responsive. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be employed for delivering a variety of pharmaceuticals, which is safer, and more effective [15]. Size and shape of NPs can help in navigating biological carriers. Inorganic and organic nanocarriers can be used for delivery of drugs at appropriate sites. Some important organic nanocarriers include dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, solid liquid nanoparticles, liposomes, and virus-based nanoparticles. Examples of inorganic nanoparticles are mesoporous silica NPs and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Variousnanocarriers having applications in drug delivery are shown in Fig. 1 [16]. Among the nanomaterials, CNMs are found to be of much interest in the biomedical field. CNMs show different chemical reactivity and structural, morphological, and physical characteristics. Different allotropes of carbon with different applications are s hown in Fig. 2 [17].