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INDEX
Note: Page numbers in bold reference non-text material.
A
AAF. See Altered auditory feedback
Abdominal wall muscles, 26
Abductor spasmodic dystonia, 136
Abductor vocal fold paralysis, 134
ABSD. See Abductor spasmodic dystonia
Academic achievement, dysphonia effects on, 8
Accelerometer transducer, 195
Acid reflux disease
gastroesophageal reflux disease. See Gastroesophageal
reflux disease
laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. See
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease
organic voice disorders caused by, 102–103, 104
Acoustic analysis, of voice
average speaking fundamental frequency, 180,
181–182, 183
cepstral peak prominence, 182–183, 183
data analysis methods, 179–186
dynamic range, 180, 180, 186–187
electroglottogram, 185–186, 187
habitual vocal SPL, 179, 179–180
intensity variability, 186
loudness variability, 180
maximum phonational frequency range, 181
spectrogram in, 175–176, 176–177
Visi-Pitch with Computerized Speech Lab, 177, 178
voice range profile, 180, 183–185, 185
Acquired laryngeal webs, 114–115
Acquired subglottic stenosis, 101
Adam’s apple, 43, 58
Adductor laryngeal dystonia, 136
Adductor spasmodic dysphonia
botulinum toxin type A for, 140
description of, 14
laryngeal behaviors in, 77–78
muscle tension dysphonia versus, 77–78, 138
surgical approaches for, 141
Adductor spasmodic dystonia, 136
Aditus laryngis. See Laryngeal inlet
ADLD. See Adductor laryngeal dystonia
ADSD. See Adductor spasmodic dystonia
Aerodynamic analysis, of voice
air pressure, 190–191
breathing patterns, 188–189
clavicular breathing, 188
description of, 187–188
diaphragmatic-abdominal breathing, 189
laryngeal airflow, 191
laryngeal resistance, 191–192
lung volumes and capacities, 189–190
maximum phonation time, 193, 194
Phonatory Aerodynamic System for, 192, 192, 349
s/z ratio, 193–195, 196
thoracic breathing, 188
Affricatives, 328
Age-related dysphonia, 278
Aging. See also Older adults
dysphonia associated with, 278
laryngeal changes caused by, 58, 281
resonance affected by, 281
respiratory system affected by, 37
voice changes associated with, 278–282, 280
Air pressure, 190–191
Airway
closure of, muscles involved in, 3
inflammation of, 298
interference of, 297–298
obstruction of, 297–298
Altered auditory feedback, 144–145
Alveolar sacs, 31
443
444 The Voice and Voice Therapy
Ambulatory Phonation Monitor, 197, 198
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
description of, 16
hearing loss in children, 344
laryngeal stroboscopy and, 172
laryngeal visualization and, 100
Preferred Practice Patterns for Speech-Language
Pathology, 158
“Recommended Protocols for Instrumental Assessment
of Voice,” 176
resonance disorders, 344
Scope of Practice for Clinicians, 172
tracheoesophageal puncture, 335
Anterior focus, 238
Anxiety-evoking situations, 246
Aphonia
communication in, 93
conversion, 13, 92
functional, 92–94, 248, 252
psychogenic, 13
treatment of, 17
APM. See Ambulatory Phonation Monitor
Artificial larynx, 325–327, 326
Aryepiglottic folds, 3, 68
Aryepiglottic muscle, 51
Arytenoid adduction, 133
Arytenoid cartilage, 42–43, 42–43, 51
ASHA. See American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Assimilative nasality, 343, 349, 363–364
Asthma, 205, 298–299
Asthma Control Questionnaire, 299
Ataxic dysarthria, 124, 129
Atlas, 24
Audiogenic dyslalia, 290
Audiological assessment, for resonance disorders, 344
Auditory feedback
assimilative nasality treated with, 364
cul-de-sac resonance treated with, 368
description of, 215, 216, 217–218, 270, 288
hypernasality treated with, 361
hyponasality treated with, 362
strident voice treated with, 365–366
Auditory modeling, 217
Auditory playback, 218
Automatic speaking valve, 335
Average speaking fundamental frequency
description of, 180, 181–182, 183
in voice feminization, 296
Axis, 24
B
Babbling, 5
Babies. See Infants
Baby boomers, 278
Back-focused voice, 237
Back pocket muscles, 30
Bacterial laryngitis, 110
Barrett’s esophagus, 102
Basal ganglia, 122–123
Behavioral dysphonia, 250
Behavioral observation, 162–163
Bilateral vocal fold paralysis, 134–135, 297
Biofeedback, 263, 271, 287
Blom-Singer low-pressure voice prosthesis, 333
Blom-Singer measurement device, 332
Blom-Singer prostheses, 334
Blom-Singer tracheoesophageal dilator, 333
Bony thorax
anatomy of, 23–25
inspiratory muscles of, 25–30, 26–29
Boone Voice Program, The, 292
Botulinum toxin type A injections
for exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction, 302
for induced laryngeal obstruction, 302
for spasmodic dystonia, 139–141
Brainstem, 124–125
Breathing
accessory muscles of, 30
clavicular, 188
control of, 31
diaphragmatic-abdominal, 189
diaphragm’s role in, 23, 25–27, 28
for life, 38–39
quiet, 31, 38
for speech, 38–39. See also Speech breathing
thoracic, 188
Breathing patterns, 188–189
Breathy vocal attack, 61
Breathy voice quality, 66, 67, 146
Briquet’s dysphonia, 96
Bronchi, 31
BTX-A. See Botulinum toxin type A injections
BVFP. See Bilateral vocal fold paralysis
Index 445
C
C7 vertebra, 24
Cancer
glottic, 322–323
head and neck. See Head and neck cancer
laryngeal. See Laryngeal cancer
tumor staging, 321–324, 322–323
CAPE-V. See Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation
of Voice
Carina, 31
Cartilage
arytenoid, 42–43, 42–43, 51
corniculate, 42, 43, 50
cricoid, 42, 42, 44
laryngeal, 41–44, 42–44
thyroid, 43–44, 91
Case history
for resonance disorders, 343–344
for speech breathing, 189
for voice disorders
additional information in, 162
description of problem and cause, 160
onset and duration of problem, 160–161
overview of, 160
variability of problem, 161
vocal demands, 161–162
Case studies
dysphonia, 203–207
muscle tension dysphonia, 199–201
overview of, 197
vocal nodules, 201–203
Central nervous system
basal ganglia, 122–123
brainstem, 124–125
cerebellum, 124–125
description of, 120
extrapyramidal tracts of, 121–122, 122
internal capsule, 122–123
neurotransmitters, 123–124
pyramidal tracts of, 121, 121–122
thalamus, 122–123
Cepstral peak prominence, 107, 182–183, 183
Cerebellum, 124–125
Cerebral cortex, 120
Cerebral peduncles, 124
Cerebrovascular accident, 123, 146–147
Cervical prominence, 24
Cervical vertebrae, 24, 40, 283
Change of loudness, 64–65, 216, 218–221, 361, 367
Chant-talk, 216, 221–223
Chemotherapy, for laryngeal cancer, 313–314
Chewing, 216, 223–225, 288
Children. See also Infants
asthma in, 298
cochlear implants in, 291–292
confidential voice in, 226–227
cricothyroid space in, 58
deaf and hard of hearing, 290–292, 367–368
dynamic speaking range for, 180
dysphonia in, 282–283
hearing aids in, 291–292
hearing loss in, 159, 344
hoarseness in, 112
hydration in, 284
juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in,
111–112
laryngomalacia in, 100
laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in, 284
larynx in, 58, 283
nasoendoscopy in, 353, 354
puberty in, 89
subglottic stenosis in, 101
vocal abuse in, 233, 285–286
vocal nodules in, 5, 82–83
voice in, 282–287
voice disorders in, 8–9, 152, 282–287
Voice Handicap Index in, 283
voice range profile for, 185
voice therapy in, 285
Chronic bronchitis, 299–300
Chronic laryngitis, 86–87, 110
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 268, 299–300
Chronic refractory cough, 302–303
Clavicular breathing, 188
Cleft lip, 347
Cleft palate
description of, 13, 345, 347, 349
prosthetic treatment of, 357
surgical treatment of, 356–357
CNS. See Central nervous system
Coccyx, 24
Cochlear implants, 291–292
Comb, playing the, 260–261