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Textbook of Clinical
Otolaryngology
Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani
Hassan Haidar
Aisha Larem
Editors
123

Textbook of Clinical Otolaryngology
AL GRAWANY

Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani
Hassan Haidar • Aisha Larem
Editors
Textbook of Clinical
Otolaryngology

Editors
Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani
Hamad Medical Corporation
Doha, Qatar
Aisha Larem
Hamad Medical Corporation
Doha, Qatar
Hassan Haidar
Hamad Medical Corporation
Doha, Qatar
ISBN 978-3-030-54087-6 ISBN 978-3-030-54088-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54088-3
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or
part of the material is concerned, specically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlms or in any other physical way,
and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in
this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor
the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material
contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains
neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional afliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
AL GRAWANY

Dedicated
To my parents
To my wife Fatima
To my children Alreem, Faisal, Noof
To my family and friends
who have always been my strength and moral support
Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani

Preface
During my two decades as an otolaryngologist, I came across several broad
otolaryngology textbooks. I felt that there was a lack of brief textbooks
appropriate for otolaryngology practitioners and physicians taking written
and oral board examinations, re-certication, and in-service exams. So, we
decided to ll this void and wrote a condensed book to suit the purpose, covering most of the ORL-HNS topics. The book consists of many recent
advances in head and neck, fascioplastic, otology, laryngology, rhinology,
audiology, and pediatrics subspecialties. It covers issues related to allergy,
sleep medicine, trauma, and the basics of otolaryngology systemic diseases.
The book is a joint effort of Hamad Medical Corporation researchers and
some of the world’s prominent authors. I want to thank each of them for their
contributions to this book and for making my long-standing dream of publishing a textbook a reality.
I hope that this book will fulll its primary objective in adding to the otolaryngology specialty information pool and helping the trainees to prepare
well for their board review.
Doha, Qatar AbdulsalamAl-Qahtani
vii
AL GRAWANY

Preface
Attractively designed and effectively presented, this textbook is the happy
culmination of our keen and long-drawn focus on clinical otolaryngology. It
serves as an essential guide to help users recognize, diagnose, and manage a
range of common and important ear, nose, and throat conditions. Lucid presentation was of particular importance when approaching each subject, as we
intended to facilitate the easy recall and reproduction of concepts by students
and practitioners. This rapid reference is a must-have book for all otolaryngologists, audiologists, and speech therapists.
We intended this book for our departments, residents and fellows, our colleagues, and the patients who will ultimately benet from advances in our
eld. We hope our readers can build upon the achievements described in this
book. I owe my own achievements to my parents, my wife Fatima, my children Hawraa and Ali, and all my friends. I cannot thank them enough.
Doha, Qatar HassanHaidar
ix

Preface
Otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, is a fascinating specialty concerned
with the medical and surgical treatment of conditions involving ear, nose,
throat, and neck. Its expertise ranges from managing possible life-threatening
tumors or infections to providing improved quality of life by treating dizziness and hearing and speech pathologies.
Authoring the Textbook of Clinical Otolaryngology was inspired by my
passion for teaching and training. Thus, this book, which is intended primarily for otolaryngology trainees, will provide the knowledge they require to
progress in the eld. The book covers most of the specialty’s common and
advanced topics. It will give the reader gradual, easy-to-locate, and practical
information on diagnosis, testing, disease processes, and up-to-date strategies
for treatment and management. The book hopefully will be of interest to otolaryngologists and all the medical and surgical specialties and related
disciplines.
The book is structured to combine conventional with contemporary
thoughts, theory with practical tips, and international standards with national
or regional norms. The chapters are blended and organized to ow naturally,
but each is adequately self-contained. The materials were chosen from books,
magazines, research papers, and the Internet to represent my viewpoints and
experiences.
I feel privileged to be on the editorial board, along with my colleagues Dr.
Al-Qahtani and Dr. Haidar. I am also grateful to the many senior professors,
colleagues, trainees, friends, and loved ones who have given so generously
their time, resources, and support in contributing to this book.
I dedicate this work to my beloved country, Qatar. I owe my achievements
to my mom Amna, my family, and friends, while I am not able to thank them
enough.
I would be happy to hear from the readers of this book.
Doha, Qatar AishaLarem
AL GRAWANY
xi

Contents
Part I Audiology
1 General Audiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, Hassan Haidar, and Khaled Abdulhadi
Part II Otology/Neurology
2 Temporal Bone Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Karen Nicolas and Ahmed Elsotouhy
3 The External Ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Aisha Larem, Adham Aljariri, and Zaid Altamimi
4 Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Amr A. Elhakeem, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, and Hassan Haidar
5 Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Salah Mansour, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, Karen Nicolas,
and Hassan Haidar
6 Cholesteatoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Salah Mansour, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, Karen Nicolas,
and Hassan Haidar
7 Complications of Otitis Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Waqar Aslam and Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani
8 Otosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Salah Mansour, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, Karen Nicolas,
and Hassan Haidar
9 Congenital Hearing Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani, Zaid Altamimi, and Reni K. Chandran
10 Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Aisha Larem, Zaid Altamimi, and Adham Aljariri
11 Tinnitus and Hyperacusis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Aisha Larem, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, and Walid Omer
12 Physiology and Diagnostic Tests of the Vestibular System . . . . . 129
Walid Omer and Khaled Abdulhadi
xiii

xiv
13 Dizziness and Vestibular Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Hassan Haidar and Rawan H. A. Azzam
14 Perilymphatic Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Aisha Larem, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh, and Adham Aljariri
15 Temporal Bone Trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Hassanin Abdulkarim, Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani,
and Ahmed Elsotouhy
16 Cerebellopontine Angle Pathologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Jacques Magnan, Hassan Haidar, and Zaid Altamimi
17 Lateral Skull Base Pathologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Zaid Altamimi, Hassan Haidar, and Abhishek Menon
18 The Facial Nerve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Hassan Haidar and Suzan Mohamed
19 External Ear Malignancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Aisha Larem, Ma’in Ali Al Shawabkeh,
and Zeynel A. Dogan
20 Cochlear Implant and Other Implantable Hearing Devices . . . . 215
Hassanin Abdulkarim, Abdulsalam Al-Qahtani,
and Ali Al-Saadi
Contents
Part III Rhinology/Allergy
21 Radiology of Paranasal Sinuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Umais Momin, Ahmed Shaikh, Mashael Alhail,
Hamad Al Saey, Sara Ashkanani, and Shanmugam Ganesan
22 Allergic and Non-allergic Rhinitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Mona Al-Ahmad, Mohammed Hassab, and Ali Al Ansari
23 Acute Sinusitis and Its Complications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Matthew Kim, Aaron Pearlman, Ashutosh Kacker,
and Michael G. Stewart
24 Fungal Sinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Daniel B. Spielman, Zhong Zheng, Abtin Tabaee,
and Michael G. Stewart
25 Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Shanmugam Ganesan, Ahmed Shaikh, Hamad Al Saey,
Mansour Al Sulaiti, Emaad Alduhirat, and Nal Arimbrathodi
26 Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Emad Al Duhirat, Hamad Al Saey, Mansour Al Sulaiti,
Shanmugam Ganesan, and Ahmed Shaikh
AL GRAWANY
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