of surgery were frustrating. These reasons drive the concerned clinician to use radiotherapy (RT) as the rst choice. From the middle of the same century, improvements of perioperative care, and recognizing frustrating result and side effects of radiotherapy, led them to build up a combined approach consisting of surgery followed by adju­vant radiotherapy for the majority of HNSCC patients. Later modernization of radiotherapy came up with increased cure rates and decreased toxicities. Nowadays, radiotherapy is established as a vital solitary option in early lesions and also plays an imperative role as adjuvant therapy. During the later decades of the last century, emphasis revolved around organ-specic func­tional status following treatment and role of emerging chemotherapy, which inuence both nonsurgical and surgical organ-conservation tac­tics. In the last few decades, for advanced can­cers, management concentrated on combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy for both primary and adjuvant treatment. Recently, the targeted molecular therapies upcoming as a novel option for managing head and neck cancers (HNSCCs) have been claiming improved survival rate and better functional results.