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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5199_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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Fig. 7.13 Digital impression
7 Communication andCooperation Between Clinicians andTechnicians
Fig. 7.14 Operating interface of Beauty Tooth Assistant
2. Electronic medical records: It can completely reect all
the diagnosis and treatment information of patients, so
that clinicians can make a reasonable diagnosis and treatment plan according to their health status.
3. Digital impression (Fig.7.13): It can clearly reappear the
oral and maxillofacial conditions of the patients, so that
the patients have a clearer understanding of their oral
conditions. Then the clinicians need to explain the oral
conditions to the patients in order to make them conceive
a reasonable expectation for the prosthetic effect.
4. Digital colorimetry: Use the digital colorimeter to directly
conduct colorimetry of natural teeth, on the precondition
that eliminating the interference of objective and subjective factors in order to improve the accuracy of colorimetry. Meanwhile, show the expected restoration color to
patients.
5. Digital analysis and design: Using digital analysis and
prediction software to provide patients with visual
foresight of postoperative effects, which can also provide clinicians with more treatment choice. By loading
the oral and maxillofacial photos of the patients and
referring to the anatomical characteristics, carry out
the digital line surface analysis and design, which is
convenient for the communication between clinicians
and patients. The three sides can discuss and communicate the design effect, determine the nal satisfactory repair effect and the best treatment plan, and
improve the satisfaction of prosthetic effect. The commonly used digital line surface analysis and design
software are Beauty Tooth Assistant (Fig.7.14), Smile
Designer Pro, Digital Smile System, Photoshop,
Keynote, PowerPoint, etc.
Preview steps for esthetic design analysis using digital
techniques and methods (Fig.7.15).
6. Digital image data: It is convenient for clinicians to con-
duct research and analysis; facilitate the communication
between clinicians, patients, and technicians; complete
transmission of esthetic information; improve the repair
effect; and avoid clinician-patient disputes to a certain
extent.
7. Digital occlusal analyzer: It detects the occlusal distribution, the occlusal balance, the distribution of bite
force, etc., comprehensively and systematically analyzes the patient’s occlusal status, and accurately guides
clinicians and technicians to design and process the
prosthesis.
7.4 The Prospect ofDigitalization inClinician-Patient-Technician Communication andCooperation
Fig. 7.15 Esthetic repair
prediction process
First-level
Prediction
Second-level
Prediction
241
Third-level
Prediction
(Figure
Prediction)
7.4 The Prospect ofDigitalization
inClinician-Patient-Technician
Communication andCooperation
To sum up, good communication among clinicians, patients,
and technicians is the basis of our clinical work. In clinical
operation, clinicians should think of the patients and take
their safety as the purpose and as far as possible to reduce the
damage to them. Clinicians and technicians should respect
and cooperate with each other and maintain timely communication. Additionally, proactive perspective-taking creates a
harmonious relationship between the three sides to provide
better medical services for patients, nally successfully
realizes the desire of patients’ chief complaint, and reduces
the occurrence of clinician-patient disputes and cliniciantechnician disputes.
Digital technology combines a series of high and new
technologies, such as electronic information technology,
material manufacturing technology, and multimedia technology, which has brought great changes to the development of
stomatology. Different digital technologies are applied in all
elds and stages of stomatology, which improves the production accuracy, saves resources and time, facilitates the preservation and transmission of information, and effectively
avoids the disputes between clinicians, patients, and
technicians.
Undeniably, digitization will bring greater revolution
and development in the future. Using virtual reality tech-
(Wax Pattern
Prediction)
nology including VR and AR can be helpful to achieve the
further clinician-patient-technician communication and
cooperation. VR (virtual reality) uses computer simulation to create a virtual world in three-dimensional space,
providing users with sensory simulations such as vision,
hearing, and touch, as if they were in the real world. AR
(augmented reality) increases the perception of the real
world through the information provided by the computer
system and overlays the virtual objects, scenes, or system
prompts generated by the computer into the real scene,
showing the scene that can’t be realized in the real world,
so as to achieve the “enhancement” of reality and achieve
a sensory experience beyond reality. From the above, this
technology can be used in the future to predict the prosthesis and prostheses effect before the actual operation, to
simulate the patient’s face shape and smile after wearing a
denture, and so on.
With the development and deepening of digital technology, networking, effect analysis prediction, four-dimensional
technology, VR/AR technology, and chairside system will be
popularized to facilitate more intuitive communication and
exchange among clinician, patient, and technician. It will
also lead to a new model for clinician-patient-technician
communication and cooperation and further improve medical quality and patient satisfaction. Nowadays, digital technology has brought a new development direction for dental
clinical and restoration production, and it will soon enter the
all-digital era of high-efciency and low-energy consumption in the near future!
(Intraoral
Prediction)
Conclusion
Throughout the history of dentition defect restoration,
removable partial denture (RPD) restoration technology has
always been one of the important means of dentition defect
restoration. More than 90 years ago, normalized RPD
appeared in the modern sense, and the casting method was
used to make RPD framework. Implant-supported RPDcombined restoration was adopted 40 years ago; 35 years
ago, the design expert system of RPD was established.
Framework was made with resin wax produced by 3D printing technology and casting technology 16 years ago; 14
years ago, selective laser melting made direct printing of
metal supports possible. With the rapid development of digital technology, the application of various high and new digital technologies, like computer-aided design and
computer-aided manufacture, has directly changed the subject basis of prosthodontics and of course brought new theoretical thinking.
In the face of dentition defect RPDS design, today, we can
use almost all of the latest technology to restoration the
known, such as implant-supported RPD, xed-removable
prostheses, the digitized segmented RPD, integration of
PEEK or PEKK RPD, or implant surgery guide and tooth
preparation guide for dentition defect, the principle of retention and stability support is derived from the design principle
of RPD, fragmented digital restoration cannot effectively
support the integration ability and demand of digital restoration, while the digital RPD is the best entry point for integrated or comprehensive restoration technology. On the one
hand, it is because the effectiveness of traditional RPD is in
urgent need of improvement, and although “hanging without
dying,” it has been ignored for a long time. Secondly, digitalization provides an integrated platform and historical opportunity for various new restoration technologies, which can
effectively improve or solve various problems of RPD, making it an integrated restoration solution more acceptable to
Chinese patients. At present, all kinds of classical restoration
technologies have both advantages and disadvantages.
Digital restoration technology provides new solutions, possibilities, and innovations for integrated restoration, so that
all kinds of classical restoration technologies can give full
play to their strengths and achieve the ultimate goal of “longterm, stable, and effective.” From the perspective of clinical
practice, guided prosthodontics is the embodiment of digital
prosthodontics.
The underlying work we need to do now is the “revolution” of the discipline foundation for the future digital restoration. In view of the advantages of digital RPD, it is not
comprehensive to say that RPD is “widely applicable.” More
accurately, it is theoretically suitable for all dental defects.
“Cheap” is no longer the label for digital RPD. “Easy to get
and wear” is clearly a weakness or a “feature,” but it can
never be an “advantage.” Therefore, the biggest advantage of
digital RPD should be “minimally invasive and reversible”
and the “integration” of various high and new restoration
technologies. On the other hand, the application of new digital composite materials, esthetic clasp and simulation base
technology, etc. can greatly improve the esthetics of RPD, so
the biggest disadvantages of RPD at present are insufcient
functional recovery and poor comfort. It is worth noting that
under the general background of integrated prosthodontics,
high and new prosthodontics such as implant and esthetics
are inseparable from the clinical design principles contained
in classic restorative methods such as removable restoration
and overdenture restoration.
The integrated application of digital technology in the
eld of RPD has given a new life of RPD. From taking
impression to the design and precision machining production
of restoration, constantly optimize the digital operation,
reduce the cost of digital, from experience to digital, from
articial to intelligence, from man-made slow work to automatic production, from personal operation to network AI
expert system to assist decision-making, known or unknown
future of all kinds of advanced digital technology will continue to bring new content for digital RPD, constantly enrich
and integrated type new scheme of prosthodontics.
Therefore, the digital RPD technology interpreted in this
book combines various digital technologies, adopts innovative clasp design and digital new material application, and
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. and People’s Medical Publishing House Co. Ltd. 2023
H. Yu, Digital Removable Partial Denture Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7923-1
243
244
Conclusion
shows the new connotation of integrated prosthodontics, take
“long-term, stable and efcient” as the goal, realized the low
burden of disease and curative effect of high quality to two or
more things, balance esthetics and function. It is a minimally
invasive repair technology to improve the quality, efcacy,
and efciency of RPD.Also, it is the cognitive basis for further learning esthetic restoration and implant restoration,
solid understanding of its related basic principles and clinical diagnosis and treatment scheme design, and standardizing clinical operation.