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INDEX
Reston virus (RESTV), I(2):42. See also Ebola, Marburg, and
other hemorrhagic fever virus infections.
Rhabdoviridae, I(1):50
Rhinocladiella aquaspersa, III(1):18
Rhinoscleroma. See Klebsiella infections.
Rhinosporidiosis, coccidioidomycosis vs., III(1):23
Rhinovirus infections, I(2):23–24
- differential diagnosis, I(2):24
- influenza virus infections vs., I(2):23–24
- serotypes, I(2):6
Rhizomucor spp., III(1):36,37
Rhizopus spp., III(1):36,37
Rhodococcus species infections, II(2):16–17
- differential diagnosis, II(2):17
- malakoplakia association with R. equi, II(1):8
- R. equi, II(1):8, II(2):16–17
- radiographic findings, II(2):16
Rickettsia species infections, II(2):74–77
- anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis vs., II(1):4
- ancillary tests, II(2):76
- arbovirus infections vs., I(2):4
- cutaneous anthrax vs., II(2):4
- Dermacentor as vector, II(1):4, II(2):74
- differential diagnosis, II(2):76
- R. prowazekii (epidemic typhus), II(2):74–76, VI(2):7
- R. rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), I(2):4, II(1):4,
II(2):4,74–77
- R. typhi (murine typhus), II(2):74–76
- Rickettsial pox (Rickettsia akari), II(2):74
Rickettsial pox. See Rickettsia species infections.
Rickettsioses, hemorrhagic fever virus infections vs.,
I(2):44
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), I(2):2,43
Ringworm. See Tineasis.
River blindness. See Onchocerciasis.
RNA viruses, I(1):50–53, I(2):2–45. See also specific types.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. See Rickettsia species
infections.
Ross River virus (RRV), I(2):3
Rotavirus infections, I(2):32–33
-
ancillary tests, I(2):33
- diagnostic checklist, I(2):33
- differential diagnosis, I(2):33
- lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections vs., I(2):27
RSV. See Respiratory syncytial virus infections.
Rubella, I(2):34–35
- congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), I(2):34–35
- diagnostic checklist, I(2):35
- differential diagnosis, I(2):35
- lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections vs., I(2):27
- macroscopic features, I(2):35
- measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
- parvovirus B19 infections vs., I(1):27
Rubeola. See Measles virus infections.
Ruptured epidermoid cyst, myiasis vs., VI(1):3
S
Saksenaea spp., III(1):36
Salmonella infections, II(2):29,31–32. See also Gram-
negative enteric organisms and their infections.
- Ebola and Marburg virus infections vs., I(2):44
- hemorrhagic fever virus infections vs., I(2):44
- measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
- rubella vs., I(2):35
- S. ser Typhi (typhoid fever), II(2):29,42
Ebola and Marburg virus infections vs., I(2):44
hemorrhagic fever virus infections vs., I(2):44
measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
rubella vs., I(2):35
San Joaquin Valley fever. See Coccidioidomycosis.
Sand flea. See Tungiasis.
Sandfly fever Naples virus (SFNV), I(2):2
Sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV), I(2):2
Sarcoidosis
- leishmaniasis vs., IV(1):44
- paracoccidioidomycosis vs., III(1):47
- rhinoscleroma vs., II(2):32
- schistosomiasis vs., V(2):4
- sporotrichosis vs., III(1):57
- toxoplasmosis vs., IV(1):48
- tuberculosis vs., II(2):63
Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis, VI(1):4–5
SARS. See Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
Scabies, VI(1):4–5
- demodex infestations vs., VI(1):7
- diagnostic checklist, VI(1):5
- differential diagnosis, VI(1):5
- macroscopic features, VI(1):4
- Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis, VI(1):4–5
- tungiasis vs., VI(1):9
Scarlet fever (Streptococcus pyogenes)
- measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
- rubella vs., I(2):35
Scedosporiosis, III(2):4–5
- diagnostic checklist, III(2):5
- differential diagnosis, III(2):5
- macroscopic features, III(2):5
- mucormycosis vs., III(1):38
- Pseudallescheria boydii,
-
radiographic findings, III(2):4
- Scedosporium apiospermum, III(2):4–5
- Scedosporium prolificans, III(2):4–5
- Scopulariopsis infections vs., III(2):7
Schistosomiasis, V(2):2–7
- ancillary tests, V(2):4
- brucellosis vs., II(2):38
- CT findings, V(2):4
- diagnostic checklist, V(2):4
- differential diagnosis, V(2):4
- macroscopic features, V(2):4,5
- other tissue trematode infections vs., V(2):9
- radiographic findings, V(2):3
- Schistosoma haematobium, V(2):2–4
- Schistosoma intercalatum, V(2):2,4
III(2):4
xviii
INDEX
- Schistosoma japonicum, V(2):2–5
- Schistosoma mansoni, V(2):2–5,7
- Schistosoma mekongi, V(2):2,4,6
- strongyloidiasis vs., V(1):13
- zoonotic nematode infections vs., V(1):18
Scopulariopsis infections, III(2):6–7
- ancillary tests, III(2):7
- diagnostic checklist, III(2):7
- differential diagnosis, III(2):7
- radiographic findings, III(2):6
- S. acremonium, III(2):6
- S. brevicaulis, III(2):6–7
- S. brumptii, III(2):6–7
- S. fusca, III(2):6
- S. koningii, III(2):6
Scrapie, I(2):38
Scrub typhus, cutaneous anthrax vs., II(2):4
Scutigera coleoptrata (house centipede), VI(2):9
Semliki Forest virus (SFV), I(2):3
Serratia infections, II(2):29. See also Gram-negative enteric
organisms and their infections.
7-year itch. See Scabies.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), I(2):36–37
- ancillary tests, I(2):37
- diagnostic checklist, I(2):37
- differential diagnosis, I(2):37
- radiographic findings, I(2):36
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS)
virus, I(2):2,3
Severe hypoglycemia of newborn, malaria vs., IV(1):28
Sezary syndrome, human T-lymphotropic virus type I
infections vs., I(2):17
Shigella infections, II(2):28–29,31. See also Gram-negative
enteric organisms and their infections.
- bacillary dysentery, II(2):29,34
- balantidiasis vs., IV(1):5
- entamebiasis vs., IV(1):11
- S. dysenteriae, II(2):28
- S. flexneri, II(2):28
- S. sonnei, II(2):28
Shingles. See Varicella-zoster virus (HHV-3) infections.
Sindbis virus (SINV), I(2):3
"Slapped cheek disease." See Parvovirus B19 infections.
Small cell lung cancer, polyomavirus infections vs., I(1):30
Small cell malignant melanoma, polyomavirus infections
vs., I(1):30
Small vessel vasculitis, Rickettsia species infections vs.,
II(2):76
Smallpox (variola infections), I(1):34–36
Snail fever. See Schistosomiasis.
South American blastomycosis. See
Paracoccidioidomycosis.
Spelunker's disease. See Histoplasmosis.
Spindle cell hemangioma, Kaposi sarcoma-associated
herpesvirus (HHV-8) infections vs., I(1):22
Spindle cell sarcoma, mycetoma vs., III(1):43
Spirochaetaceae, II(2):56
Spirochete bacteria, II(2):50–59. See also Borrelia species
infections; Leptospira species infections; Syphilis and
other treponematoses.
Spirochetosis, II(1):24–25
-
ancillary tests, II(1):25
- Brachyspira aalborgi, II(1):24–25
- Brachyspira pilosicoli, II(1):24–25
- diagnostic checklist, II(1):25
- differential diagnosis, II(1):25
- endoscopic findings, II(1):24
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), I(2):38–41
Sporothrix infection. See Sporotrichosis.
Sporotrichoid growth pattern, III(1):56,57,58, IV(1):43
Sporotrichosis, III(1):56–59
- ancillary tests, III(1):57
- brucellosis vs., II(2):38
- diagnostic checklist, III(1):58
- differential diagnosis, III(1):57–58
- leishmaniasis vs., IV(1):44
- macroscopic features, III(1):56,57
- mycetoma vs., III(1):43
- Sporothrix albicans,
- Sporothrix brasiliensis, III(1):56
- Sporothrix globosa, III(1):56
- Sporothrix inflata, III(1):56
- Sporothrix mexicana, III(1):56
- Sporothrix schenckii, III(1):56,57
- Sporothrix schenckii var. luriei, III(1):56
-
sugar assimilation and colony size (table), III(1):58
Squamous cell carcinoma
- Chlamydia infections vs., II(2):72
- differential diagnosis, I(1):43
- human papillomavirus infections association with,
I(1):41,43,45–46,49
- human papillomavirus infections vs., I(1):43,48
Squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), I(1):41–44,46. See
also Human papillomavirus infections.
St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), I(2):2
Staphylococcus species infections, II(2):18–23
- coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CONS), II(2):18–21
endocarditis, II(2):20
pneumonia, II(2):20
S. epidermidis, II(2):18–20
S. hemolyticus, II(2):18,20
S. lugdunensis, II(2):18,20
S. saprophyticus, II(2):18,20
- differential diagnosis, II(2):21
- mycobacteria other than tuberculosis vs., II(2):68
- Staphylococcus aureus infections
bloodstream infection (BSI), II(2):19,23
botryomycosis association with, II(1):12
endocarditis, II(2):19,21,23
food poisoning, II(2):19
impetigo, II(2):19,21
malakoplakia association with, II(1):8
methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), II(2):18,20,
IV(1):34, VI(2):4
mumps virus infections vs., I(2):29
osteomyelitis, II(2):19,21
pneumonia,
skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), II(2):19,20–21
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS),
II(2):18–21
III(1):56
II(2):19,21,22
xix
INDEX
xx
Streptococcus and Enterococcus species infections vs.,
II(2):26
tissue damage from arachnids and insects vs., VI(2):4
toxic shock syndrome (TSS), II(2):18–19,21
vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), II(2):18
Status spongiosis, prion diseases vs., I(2):40
Streptococcus and Enterococcus species infections,
II(2):24–27
- α-hemolytic streptococci
erysipelas, II(2):25,26,27
measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
rubella vs., I(2):35
S. agalactiae (group B), II(2):24–26
S. dysgalactiae (group C or G), II(2):24–25
S. pyogenes (group A), II(2):24–26
streptococcal cellulitis, II(2):25,26
streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat"), II(2):24,25
- β-hemolytic streptococci
endocarditis, II(2):21,25,26
Listeria species infections vs., II(2):15
meningitis, II(2):25–26
pneumonia, II(2):24,25–26
S. anginosus group, II(2):24–26
S. bovis (gallolyticus) group, II(2):24–26
S. mitis group, II(2):24–25
S. mutans group, II(2):24–25
S. pneumoniae, II(2):24–26
S. salivarius group, II(2):24–25
viridans streptococci, II(2):24–26
- differential diagnosis, II(2):26
- entamebiasis vs., IV(1):11
- enterococci (formerly group D streptococci)
E. faecalis, II(2):24–25
E. faecium, II(2):24–25
endocarditis, II(2):21,25,26
- macroscopic features, II(2):24,26
- mumps virus infections vs., I(2):29
- mycobacteria other than tuberculosis vs., II(2):68
Streptomyces spp., III(1):42
Strongyloidiasis, V(1):12–13
- ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis vs., V(1):3
- ascariasis vs., V(1):5
- differential diagnosis, V(1):13
- giardiasis vs.,
-
macroscopic features, V(1):13
- schistosomiasis vs., V(2):4
- Strongyloides stercoralis, V(1):3,12–13
- trichuriasis vs., V(1):15
- zoonotic nematode infections vs., V(1):18
Sudan virus (SUDV), I(2):42. See also Ebola, Marburg, and
other hemorrhagic fever virus infections.
Syphilis and other treponematoses, II(2):56–59
- ancillary tests, II(2):57
- arbovirus infections vs., I(2):4
- bejel (Treponema pallidum endemicum), II(2):56–57
- Borrelia species infections vs., II(2):52
- differential diagnosis, II(2):57
- granuloma inguinale vs., II(2):32
- hepatitis B and D virus infections vs. syphilitic hepatitis,
I(1):14
- HIV infections vs., I(2):19
IV(1):15
- Leptospira species infections vs., II(2):55
- lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections vs., I(2):27
- pinta (Treponema pallidum carateum), II(2):56–57
- rubella vs., I(2):35
- sporotrichosis vs., III(1):57
- stages, II(2):56
- syphilis (Treponema pallidum pallidum), II(2):56–59
- yaws (Treponema pallidum pertenue), II(2):56–57
T
Taenia brauni, V(3):4
Taenia glomerata, V(3):4
Taenia multiceps, V(3):4
Taenia serialis, V(3):4
Taenia solium, V(3):6–7,9
Taï Forest virus (TAFV), I(2):42. See also Ebola, Marburg,
and other hemorrhagic fever virus infections.
Tanapox virus, I(1):34
Tertian ague (Middle French). See Malaria.
5th disease. See Parvovirus B19 infections.
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), I(2):2
Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF), II(2):50–52. See also
Borrelia species infections.
Ticks
- Amblyomma americanum as ehrlichiosis vector, II(1):2–3
- Amblyomma as Rickettsia vector, II(1):4
- arbovirus infection vectors, I(2):3
- Dermacentor as ehrlichiosis vector, II(1):2–3
- Dermacentor as Rickettsia vector, II(1):4, II(2):74
- Dermacentor variabilis, II(2):74, VI(2):6,9
- embedded parts, VI(2):3,5
- Ixodes as anaplasmosis vector, II(1):2–3
- Ixodes as arbovirus vector, I(2):3
- Ixodes as Babesia vector, II(1):4, IV(1):22–23
- Ixodes as Borrelia burgdorferi vector, II(1):4, II(2):50
- Ixodes as ehrlichiosis vector, II(1):2–3
- Ixodes scapularis (deer tick),
VI(2):5–6,9
-
Kyasanur forest disease virus vectors, I(2):43
- Ornithodoros as Borrelia hermsii vector, II(2):50
Tineasis, III(1):60–61
- ancillary tests, III(1):61
- diagnostic checklist, III(1):61
- differential diagnosis, III(1):61
- Epidermophyton, III(1):60
- Microsporum, III(1):60
- Trichophyton, III(1):60
Tissue damage from arachnids and insects, VI(2):2–9. See
also Mites; Mosquitos; Scabies; Ticks.
- brown recluse spider bite, II(2):4, VI(2):2,5
- cutaneous anthrax vs., II(2):4
- diagnostic checklist, VI(2):4
- differential diagnosis, VI(2):4
- macroscopic features, VI(2):3,5
- organism identification, VI(2):6–7,9
Tityus trinitatis scorpion, VI(2):9
Togaviridae, I(2):3,4,34
Toscana virus (TOSV), I(2):2
II(1):2–3, II(2)50, IV(1):22,
INDEX
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Staphylococcal scalded
skin syndrome vs., II(2):21
Toxocariasis, V(1):16–18
Toxoplasmosis, IV(1):46–49
- ancillary tests, IV(1):48
- arbovirus infections vs., I(2):4
- brucellosis vs., II(2):38
- congenital toxoplasmosis, IV(1):46
- differential diagnosis, IV(1):48
- histoplasmosis vs., III(1):33
- Leptospira species infections vs., II(2):55
- lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections vs., I(2):27
- macroscopic features, IV(1):47
- penicilliosis vs., III(1):49
- rubella vs., I(2):35
- Toxoplasma gondii, IV(1):3,46–48
- Toxoplasma lymphadenitis, IV(1):46,47
Trachipleistophora anthropophthera, IV(1):16
Trachipleistophora hominis, IV(1):16
Trachoma. See Chlamydophila and Chlamydia species
infections.
Transient aplastic crisis. See Parvovirus B19 infections.
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE). See Prion
diseases.
Trematodes, V(2):1–9. See also Schistosomiasis.
- ascariasis vs., V(1):5
- clonorchiasis (Chinese or Oriental liver fluke), V(2):8–9
- differential diagnosis, V(2):9
- fascioliasis (sheep liver fluke), V(2):8–9
- fasciolopsiasis, V(2):8–9
- paragonimiasis, V(2):8–9
Treponema infections. See Syphilis and other
treponematoses.
Trichinellosis, V(1):16–18
Trichoderma spp., III(2):2
Trichomoniasis, IV(1):18–19
- ancillary tests, IV(1):19
- differential diagnosis, IV(1):19
- T. foetus, IV(1):18
- T. hominis, IV(1):18
- T. tenax, IV(1):2,18
- T. vaginalis, IV(1):18–19
Trichophyton, III(1):60
Trichosporonosis, III(2):8–11
-
ancillary tests, III(2):9
- candidiasis vs., III(1):16
- diagnostic checklist, III(2):9
- differential diagnosis, III(2):9
- T. asahii, III(2):8
- T. asteroides, III(2):8
- T. cutaneum, III(2):8
- T. dermatis, III(2):8
- T. dohaense, III(2):8
- T. inkin, III(2):8
- T. loubieri, III(2):8
- T. ovoides, III(2):8
Trichuriasis, V(1):14–15
- differential diagnosis, V(1):15
- macroscopic features, V(1):15
- Trichuris trichiura, V(1):14–15
Trichuris suis, V(1):14
Tropheryma whipplei infection, II(1):26–29
- ancillary tests, II(1):27
- diagnostic checklist, II(1):27
- differential diagnosis, II(1):27
Tropical sore. See Leishmaniasis.
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, IV(1):20
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, IV(1):20
Trypanosomiasis, African. See African trypanosomiasis.
Tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans, Glossina palpalis), IV(1):20,
VI(2):3
Tubercle bacillus. See Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infections.
Tuberculosis. See Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
infections.
Tubulinosema acridophagus, IV(1):16
Tufted hemangioma, Kaposi sarcoma-associated
herpesvirus (HHV-8) infections vs., I(1):22
Tularemia. See Francisella infections.
Tumoral calcinosis, zoonotic nematode infections vs.,
V(1):18
Tumors (mesenchymal, metastatic), onchocerciasis vs.,
V(1):11
Tungiasis, VI(1):8–9
-
diagnostic checklist, VI(1):9
- differential diagnosis, VI(1):9
- Fortaleza classification system, VI(1):8–9
- macroscopic features, VI(1):8–9
- myiasis vs., VI(1):3
- Tunga penetrans, VI(1):8–9
Tunnel disease. See Ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis.
Typhoid fever. See also Salmonella infections.
- Ebola and Marburg virus infections vs., I(2):44
- hemorrhagic fever virus infections vs., I(2):44
- measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
- rubella vs., I(2):35
Typhus. See Rickettsia species infections.
complex
U
Ulcerative colitis
- balantidiasis vs., IV(1):5
- strongyloidiasis vs., V(1):13
Ulcers, leishmaniasis vs., IV(1):44
Uta. See Leishmaniasis.
V
Vaccinia virus infections, I(1):34–36
Valley fever. See Coccidioidomycosis.
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), I(2):38–39,41
Varicella-zoster virus (HHV-3) infections, I(1):38–39
- adenovirus infections vs., I(1):4
- arbovirus infections vs., I(2):4
- cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) infections vs., I(1):8
- differential diagnosis, I(1):39
- herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) infections
vs., I(1):18
- lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections vs., I(2):27
- macroscopic features, I(1):39
xxi
INDEX
- measles virus infections vs., I(1):25
- parainfluenza virus infections vs., I(2):24
- pox virus infections vs., I(1):36
- rhinovirus infections vs., I(2):24
- rubella vs., I(2):35
- syphilis vs., II(2):57
Variola. See Smallpox.
Variola infections, I(1):34–36
Veillonella spp., II(2):6
Venereal syphilis (Treponema pallidum pallidum). See
Syphilis and other treponematoses.
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), I(2):3
Vibrio infections, II(2):30,31. See also Gram-negative
enteric organisms and their infections.
- V. cholerae, II(2):30
- V. parahaemolyticus, II(2):30
- V. vulnificus, II(2):30,32
Viral gastroenteritis, giardiasis vs., IV(1):15
Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF). See Ebola, Marburg, and
other hemorrhagic fever virus infections.
Viral infections requiring ancillary tests, I(2):1–45. See also
specific types.
Vitamin A deficiency, onchocerciasis vs., V(1):11
Vittaforma corneae, IV(1):16
VZV. See Varicella-zoster virus (HHV-3) infections.
Yersinia infections, II(2):29–30,31. See also Gram-negative
enteric organisms and their infections; Gram-negative
zoonotic pathogen infections.
- cutaneous anthrax vs. plague, II(2):4
- Y. enterocolitica, II(2):29–30,31
- Y. pestis (bubonic plague), II(2):36–39
Z
Zoonotic nematode infections, V(1):16–19. See also
Ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis.
- ancillary tests, V(1):18
- angiostrongyliasis, V(1):16–18
- anisakiasis, V(1):16–18
- baylisascariasis, V(1):16–17
- diagnostic checklist, V(1):18
- differential diagnosis, V(1):18
- dirofilariasis, V(1):11,16–18
- gnathostomiasis, V(1):16–18
- onchocerciasis vs., V(1):11
- toxocariasis, V(1):16–18
- trichinellosis, V(1):16–18
Zygomycosis. See Mucormycosis.
xxii
W
Wangiella spp., III(1):20,50
Warts, I(1):41–46. See also Human papillomavirus
infections.
- diagnostic checklist, I(1):44
- differential diagnosis, I(1):43
Wegener granulomatosis, paracoccidioidomycosis vs.,
III(1):47
West Nile virus (WNV), I(2):2,5
Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), I(2):3
Whipple disease, II(1):26–29
- ancillary tests, II(1):27
- diagnostic checklist, II(1):27
- differential diagnosis, II(1):27
Whipworm infections. See Trichuriasis.
Whitmore disease. See Burkholderia infections.
Whooping cough. See Pertussis.
X
Xanthogranuloma, malakoplakia vs., II(1):9
Y
Yaba monkey tumor virus, I(1):34
Yaws (Treponema pallidum pertenue). See Syphilis and other
treponematoses.
Yellow fever virus (YFV)
- etiology and characteristics, I(2):2–5,43–44
- hepatitis B and D virus infections vs., I(1):14
- vaccine, I(2):4,43