Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку для самостоятельной работы студентов I курса уровня неязыковых специальностей. Методическое пособие д

10.Is your sister a doctor ?

11.Are those girls your friends?

12.Are they teachers or students?

13.Is your friend at home now ?.

14.Is that page one or page two ?

15.Is this a text-book or an exercise-book?

16.Are those doors yellow?

17.Is that cup white?

Task: Проделa йте следующие действия и ответьте на вопросы.What are you doing at the moment?илиWhat is he(she) doing now?

1.Please take you book.

2.Please open it.

3.Please read Text Seven..

4.Please close the book now.

5.Please give it to your friend.

6.Please put the exercise –book on the table.

7.Please take it off the table.

8.Please go to the blackboard.

9.Please look at the blackboard.

10.Please read the word “colour”

11.Please go to your table now.

12.Please sit down.

Работа с текстом

1.Прочитайте текст.

2.Запомните новые слова.

3.Прочитайте текст еще раз.

4.Ответьте на вопросы, обращая внимание на их структуры.

MY FLAT

I have got a flat. It is neither big nor small. It is on the fifth floor. The number of it is 59. Our flat has two rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a corridor.

Our living-room is big. It is light, because it has two wide windows. You can see a piano on the left. There is a round stool near the piano. The piano is new and black. The TV set is on the right. You can see an arm-chair and a sofa near the TV set. There is a picture on the wall, over the piano.

There is a round table in the middle of the room. You can see four chairs near the table. The sideboard is on the left. There are some pictures of modern painters on the wall.

I have my own room. It is small. There is no much furniture there. My room is not quite light, because it has one narrow window.

There is a sofa on the right. The wardrobe is near the window. You can see a small desk at the window. There are two chairs at the desk and a TV set in the corner of the room. The bookcase is near the door. There are many bookshelves in my room. You can see Russian and English books there. I like my room very much. When my friends come to see me I invite them into my room.

It is a pity that we have no balcony.

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Our kitchen is big and comfortable. The furniture in the kitchen is not dark, it is light. A new refrigerator stands near the window. Usually we have breakfast and supper in the kitchen.

The bathroom is small. We wash ourselves there in the morning and in the evening. You can see a washing-machine near the door. We have a vacuum-cleaner, it is in the bathroom too.

The corridor of our flat is long and narrow. There is a telephone in it. I like my flat. My friends say that it is a good one.

1.Have you a flat?

2.Is it big or small?

3.What is the number of your flat?

4.How many rooms has the flat?

5.What is there in the living-room?

6.Where is the piano?

7.Is the TV set on the left or on the right?

8.What can you see on the wall?

9.The dining-room is big, isn’t it?

10.Where is the wardrobe?

11.How many books are there in the bookcase?

12.Do you like your room?

13.Do you like your flat?

Task: Составьте рассказ о своей квартире.

Task:Составьте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Simple Past

Простое прошедшее время

Цель: знать образование ThePastIndefiniteTense; уметь применятьSimplePresentв

устной и письменной речи;иметь навыки употребленияSimplePastв утвердительной, вопросительной и отрицательной формах.

Форма прошедшего времени правильных глаголов совпадает с формой ParticipleII. Каждый неправильный глагол имеет свою форму прошедшего времени.

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Task: Составьте предложения по модели.

I looked through these magazines yesterday.

1.The translate the letters.

2.To speak to the manager about our visit to the plant.

3.To study the catalogues of Blake and Company.

4.To phone Mr.Carell.

5.To make an appointment with the American businessmen.

Task: Напишите предложения, поставив глаголы в прошедшем времени.

1.The lessons begin at one o’clock.

2.When the teacher comes into the room, the pupils stand up.

3.Two pupils do not know their lesson.

4.The teacher calls pupils to the blackboard.

5.He does not understand his teacher.

6.They do not speak Russian at English lessons.

Task: Перепишите текст, поставив глагол в прошедшем времени.

After lessons he goes home and has his dinner. For dinner he has soup and meat or fish and some fruit. After dinner he goes for a walk or plays in the playground with his friends. Then he prepares his lessons. He reads texts, writes exercises, learners his lessons. In the evening he watches TV, plays with his brother or reads books. At ten o`clock he goes to bed.

I

You

He(she) did not look through the mail yesterday.

We (didn`t) write any letters in the morning.

You

They

Task: Составить предложения по модели.

-They say your engineers started work at 10 yersterday. -No, they didn t start work at 10.

-They started work at 9.15

1.to buy kitchen equipment from France.

2.to have talks with British businessmen.

3.to make a contract with Brown and Company.

4.to receive two offers from Brown and Company.

5.to spend the weekend outside Moscow.

Task: Напишите предложения в отрицательной форме.

1.Boris corrected his mistakes.

2.The pupils wrote sentences in their exercise-books.

3.The teacher told the pupils to retell the text.

4.She gave the pupils Exercises 25 and 26.

5.They got good marks in Geometry and Algebra.

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Task: Напишите предложения в отрицательной форме.

1.We studied Algebra last year.

2.They slept all the night.

3.The pupils understood the English story.

4.He hurried to the laboratory.

5.He wore a pull-over and a warm coat in winter.

6.You read the newspaper in the library.

Task: Составьте вопросы по модели.

-Did you stay at home last night? -No, I didn t. I went out.

1.to receive much mail.

2.to discuss the terms of payment.

3.to go to the plant.

4.to watch television.

5.to live in an old district.

6.to invite friends to your place.

Task: Напишите предложения в вопросительной форме.

1.The child woke up at five o clock.

2.We saw the portrait of Pushkin in the library.

3.It rained all day yesterday.

4.The teacher gave him a bad mark in Geography.

5.The pupil did his Arithmetic in the morning.

6.The friends spoke over the telephone about the concert.

Task: Напишите вопросы к выделенным словам .

1.He was in Kiev last week (3).

2.My friend wrote many letters to me last year (5).

3.They were attheir office yesterday (3).

4.Last year our students read many English books (5).

5.He took his son to the park after work (5).

6.These students knew this teacher very well (3).

7.Comrade Petrov spoke to the engineers of this factory about our plan yesterday (5).

8.After their lessonsthe students usually returned home (3).

9.We were not at the office on Sunday (3).

Task: Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на форму глагола то be в прошедшем времени.

1. Вы были вчера в министерстве?- Да. - Когда вы были там?- Я там был после 12 часов. А где вы были вчера?- Я вчера не был в министерстве. Я был на заводе.- Что вы там делали?- Я обсудил там много вопросов с инженерами.- С кем вы были там?- Я был там с товарищем Ивановым. – Вы вернулись в министерство или поехали домой?- Мы поехали домой.

Task: Переведите предложения на английский язык, обратив внимания на перевод русских глаголов видеть, смотреть, посмотреть.

1.Где вы были вчера?- Я не видел вас в учреждении.

2.Посмотрите на карту. Какая это карта?

3.Какой фильм вы смотрели вчера? – Мы смотрели новый фильм о студентах.

4.Вы видели сына товарища Соколова в театре вчера?- Нет, я его там не видел.

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5. Он посмотрел на меня и спросил: “ Вы работали на заводе три года тому назад?

Task: Поставьте разделительные вопросы.

1.She danced from seven o’clock to midnight.

2.Ethel played tennis very well.

3.Those letters came to England by aeroplane.

4.They saw the boy swim to the big rock.

5.Pedro went to a good tailor for his suit.

6.Hob knew a song about London.

7.Mary bought a dress in Paris.

8.The students went to the museum yesterday.

9.They saw many interesting things there.

10.He understood the lesson very well.

11.Hob thought that the lesson was too long.

Работа с текстом

1.Прочитайте текст.

2.Запомните новые слова.

3.Прочитайте текст еще раз.

4.Ответьте на вопросы, обращая внимание на их структуры.

WEEKEND

What is weekend? It is Saturday and Sunday. During the week we don’t have very much time to spend together and we can’t do what we want. It is Saturday. We can get up at 8 or 9 o’clock a.m. It is not so early as we have to get up during the week.

On Saturday morning we clean our flat. Then my father and I go to the shop and buy all we need. After that I go for a walk with my friends, play games in the yard, or go to the park. After dinner my friends and I go to the cinema. We like to see new films. In the evening I read books, watch TV, ring my friends up.

Once a year on Saturday we go to the Zoo. The Zoo is far from our house and it takes us an hour to get there. We see many wild animals at the Zoo: bears, foxes, elephants, giraffes, tigers, lions, wolves. It is interesting to watch birds there. You can see horses and dogs at the Zoo too.

It is Sunday. My parents don’t go to work and I don’t go to school. It is not necessary to get up early. After breakfast my parents and I go to the museum or to the exhibition. Last Sunday we visited the flower-show in one of our famous parks. There were a lot of unique and rare flowers there.

We have dinner at 3 o’clock on Sunday. After dinner we read newspapers and magazines, play chess. My mother plays the piano.

We often go to see our friends or relatives on this day. Some weeks ago, on Sunday my friend and I went to the art exhibition of the famous painter Ilya Glazunov. His pictures were wonderful. There were a lot of people there. Sometimes we go to the theatre on Sunday. For example, we went to the Pushkin Theatre last Sunday. We saw the play “I am a woman”. It was a very interesting play about the life of a young woman.

I like Sundays and Saturdays. I think if we spend our weekends well, we’ll begin the next week with pleasure.

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QUESTIONS:

1)Have you a lot of free time during a week?

2)It is possible to get up at 9 o’clock on Sunday, isn’t it?

3)What do you usually do during weekends?

4)Whom do you like to speak free time with ?

5)Where do you go on Saturday and Sunday?

6)How often do you go to the Zoo?

7)When do you go to the exhibitions?

8)How often do you go to see your relatives?

9)Do you prefer to go to the theatres or to the cinemas?

10)Do you like weekends?

Task: Найдите в тексте отрицательные предложения в Simple Present.

Task: Задайте по пять вопросов к тексту: специальные, альтернативные, разделительные, общие.

Task: Составьте свой рассказ о выходном дне.

Прямая и косвенная речь. Direct and Indirect Speech

Правила согласования времен особенно важны при переводе из прямой речи (непосредственно передающей слова говорящего) в косвенную речь (передающую слова говорящего описательным путем). При косвенной речи слова He said, I declared, she repeated и т. д. служат главным предложением, затем следует дополнительное придаточное предложение (начинающееся с союзом that или бессоюзное), глагол которого согласуется во времени с глаголом главного предложения по правилам согласования времен. Личные местоимения придаточного предложения соответственно смыслу могут меняться:

He said, “I was ill last summer.”

He said that he had been ill last summer.

Ряд слов, обозначающих время действия или место действия, близкое говорящему, при переводе из прямой речи в косвенную меняется на слова, обозначающие время или место действия более отдаленное:

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Yes передается глаголами agree, answer in the affirmative, consent; no передается глаголами reject, refuse, deny, answer in the negative.

He said, “I shall give this book to you.”

He consented (agreed) to give that book to me.

Когда в косвенной речи надо передать вопрос, употребляется прямой порядок слов, а не инверсия, обычная для английского вопросительного предложения.

Косвенный вопрос вводится или каким-нибудь соединительным местоимением, или наречием (what, which, who, when, whyи т. д.), или союзами whether, if, которые равны по значению русской частице ли.

Вопросительные предложения

При передаче просьбы или приказания в косвенной речи употребляется простое предложение с инфинитивной конструкцией после глаголов tell, ask, command, order, beg, request и т.п.

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Task: Change the following from Direct into Indirect Speech.

1.He said:” We’ve forgotten the balls!”

2.She said:” I shall be very glad to see you”.

3.Alec asked me:” Have you ever seen this picture?”

4.Nelly said:” Yesterday I went to see Paul, but he was not at home.”

5.He said:” Who is this man? I don’t know him.”

6.I thought:” He is a very clever man; he can help me.”

7.My brother said:” In two hours I shall have finished my work and then I shall go to the cinema.” Then he asked me:” Will you go with me?”

8.The teacher said:” Open your books and begin reading the new lessons”.

9.The girl asked:” What is the price of this dress?”

10.I asked Sophy:” Will you help me in my work?” “Yes, I shall,” she said.

Task: Change the following from Direct into Indirect Speech.

1. He said to us: ” Come here tomorrow.” 2. I said to Mike:” Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive.” 3. Father said to me:” Don’t stay there long.” 4. Peter said to them:” Don’t leave the room until I come back.” 5. Take my luggage to Room 45,” he said to the porter. 6. He said to me:” Ring me up tomorrow.” 7. “Bring me a cup of black coffee,” she said to the waiter. 8. “ Don’t be late for dinner,” said mother to us. 9. Jane said to us:” Please tell me all you know about it.” 10. She said to Nick:” Please don’t say anything about it to your sister.” 11. The teacher said to me:” Hand this note to your parents, please.” 12. Igor said to his sister:” Put the letter into the envelope and give it to Kate.” 13. Please bring me some fish soup,” he said to the waitress. 14. “Don’t worry over such a small thing,” she said to me.15. “ Promise to come and see me ,” said Jane to Alice.

Task: Change the following from Direct into Indirect Speech.

1. Vera said:” I usually spend my holidays in the south.” 2. She said:” I spent my holidays in the Crimea last year.” 3. Boris said :” I go to the south every year.” 4. He said:” I am going to a rest-home tomorrow.” 5. Ann said to us:” They haven’t yet come.” 6. She said to us:’ They arrived in St. Petersburg yesterday.” 7. I said:” I was in London last year. My friends in London sometimes invite me to spend my holidays with them.” 8. Nick said :” I have never been to London. I think I shall go there next year.” 9. He said to me :” They are staying at the “Europe” hotel. 11. He said:” They are leaving next Monday.” 12. The clerk said to them:” You can leave the key with the maid upstairs.”

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Task: Change the following from Direct into Indirect Speech.

1. “ My friend lives in Moscow,” said Alec. 2. “ You have not done your work well,” said the teacher to me. 3. The poor man said to the rich man:” My horse is wild. It can kill your horse.” 4. The rich man said to the judge:” This man’s horse has killed my horse. “ 5. This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman. 6. “ I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me. 7. The teacher said to the class:” We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.” 8. The woman said to her son:” I am glad I am here.” 9. Mike said:” We have bought these books today.” 10. She said to me :”Now I can read your translation.” 11. Our teacher said :” Thackeray’s novels are very interesting.” 12. She said :” You will read this book in the 9th form.” 13. Ann said:” I read “Jane Eyre” last year.”

Task: Change the following special questions from Direct into Indirect Speech.

1. I said to Nick: ” Where are you going?” 2. I said to him:” How long are you going to stay there?’ 3. I said to him:” How long will it take you to get there?” 4. Pete said to his friends:” When are you leaving St. Petersburg?” 5. He said to them:” Who will you see before you leave here?” 6.They said to him:” What time does the train start?” 7. Ann said to Mike:” When did you leave London?” 8. She said to Boris:” When will you be back home?” 9. Boris said to them:” How can I get to the railway station?” 10. Mary asked Tom:” What time will you come tomorrow?” 11. She asked me :” What will you do tomorrow if you are not busy at your office?” 12. She asked me :” Why didn’t you come here yesterday?” 13. I asked Mike:” What will you do after dinner?” 14. I asked my uncle:” How long did you stay in the Crimea?’ 15. Ada said to me :” Where did you see such trees?” 16. I said to Becky:” What kind of books has your friend brought you?” 17. Mother said to me:” Who has brought this parcel?” 18. He said to her:” Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?”

Task: Make new questions from these ones.

1.Where is he going? (He didn’t tell anybody…).

2.Where has he gone? (Did you know…)

3.Where is he? (Did you know…)

4.When is he living school? (I wanted to know…)

5.Where does he live? (Nobody knew…)

6.When will he come back? (She asked them…)

7.Where did she buy this hat? (He wanted to know…)

8.How much did she pay for it? (I had no idea…)

9.Where did I put the book? (I forgot…)

10.Who has given you this nice kitten? (She wanted to know…)

11.Where can I buy an English-Russian Dictionary? (He asked me…)

12.How long will it take your brother to get to Madrid?

(He wondered…).

Task: Make new sentences from these ones using Reported Speech.

1.Charles said,” Ann has bought a new car.” 2. Tom said,” I want to go on holiday next week

.” 3. I thought,” He is going to give up his job.” 4. She promised,” I shall speak to the manager about him.”5. Ann said,” I can type now.” 6. Nick told us,” I saw Jummy at a party last week.”

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Task: Make new questions from these ones.

1.Where is the bank? - Could you tell me…?

2.Where does Ann live? – Have you any idea…?

3.Why didn’t Tom come to the party? – Do you know…?

4.When will your friends arrive? – Have you any idea…?

5.Did he bring his sister to the party? – Do you know…?

6.Do you often see her? – Could you tell me…?

Task: Make reported questions.

1.How old are you? – She asked me…

2.Where were you a few weeks ago? - She wanted to know…

3.Can you play the guitar? – He wondered…

4. How long have you been working in your present job? - He wanted to know…

5.Are you glad to meet your former classmates? - She asked me…

6.Will she arrive in two days? – He wondered…

Task: Make indirect commands and requests from the following sentences.

1.“Read the instructions before you switch on the machine,” he said to me .

2.“ Don’t come before 6 o’clock,” I said to him.

3.“ Shut the door but don’t lock it,” she said to us.

4.She said to her friends, “ Come and spend a holiday with me in the USA.”

5.The boy said to his dog ,” Lie down, Jack! “

6.The teacher said to the student,” Write your work more carefully or I shan’t read it.”

7.The manager said to his secretary, “Don’t post this letter today. There is a mistake in it.”

8.“ Could you bring me another cup of tea, please,” I said to the hostess.

9.The office shouted to the soldiers, “ Fire! “

10.Mother said to her son: “ Please don’t eat all the cake.”

Task: Chose the proper tense of the verb.

1. Jill said the day (is, was) warm and sunny the day before. 2. He says the weather forecast for tomorrow (is, was) sunny, no rain. 3. They hoped that their team (won’t lose, wouldn’t lose) the game. 4. George said he had already checked out, have already checked out) the books. 5. Mr. Burton said it (is, was) the most exciting game he ( has ever seen, had ever seen ). 6. He says he

(doesn’t know, didn’t know) what the weather (will be, would be) like in October. 7. Tom told me he (is going, was going) to join a basketball team. 8. He said the Browns (are staying, were staying) with their friends in Boston. 9. Your brother (has become, had become) a very good teacher. 10. He told me he (had already registered, has already registered) the ticket. 11. They said they (won’t be able, wouldn’t be able) to join us for trip.

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