Логистика транспортный аспект реализации. Учебник
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©ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋª ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɞɟ ɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɹ
xɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ©ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋª ɪɚɜɧɨ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧ
xɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ
oɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟ ɥɸɛɵɦɢ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɬɪɚɧɫ ɩɨɪɬɚ
o ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟ ɜɨɡɤɟ
Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɟ ɭɱɬɟɧɵ
xɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɜɟ ɳɟɧɵ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ
xɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɭ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɹɦ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɧɵɣ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ
xɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ȼɚɡɢɫɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɩɨɤɭɩɤɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚ ɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɛɚɡɢɫ ɰɟɧɵ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸ ɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɜ ɰɟɧɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɬ
Ȼɚɡɢɫɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ
xɤɬɨ ɢ ɡɚ ɱɟɣ ɫɱɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɩɨ ɬɟɪɪɢ ɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɦ ɪɟɱɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪ ɬɨɦ
xɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɡɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɰɟɧɭ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɝɪɭɡ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫ ɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
xɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɨ ɜɚɪɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ
xɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭ ɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɚɤ ɬɢɤɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɢ
xɝɞɟ ɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɹɬ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɤ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɪɢɫɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɣ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ
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ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɨ ɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɨɜ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚɦ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟ ɧɢɟ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɧɨɫɢɬ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɜɨɥɢ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɉɪɢ ɧɟɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɢ ɜ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ
ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɬ ɞɚɥɟɤɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚ ɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɭɩɥɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɬɨɜɚ ɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ
Ɂɚ ɪɚɦɤɚɦɢ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɨɫɬɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ
xɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɩɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ
xɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɨɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
xɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɬɨɜɚɪ
xɮɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ
xɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
xɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ
xɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
xɮɨɪɦɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
xɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɩɨ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɦ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚ ɧɢɟ ;
xɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɨɥ ɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɭɩɥɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ
ɑɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡ ɞɟɥ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɫɵɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɯ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ©ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚª ©ɐɟɧɚ ɢ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɤɨɧ ɬɪɚɤɬɚª.
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɂɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɬɢɩɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɵ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɲɢ ɪɨɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɟ ɝɞɟ ɛɚɡɢɫ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɱɤɢ ɧɚ ɥɢɰɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɬɢɩɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ȼɨ-ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ ɧɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɬ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨ
ɠɟɬɢɦɟɬɶɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɪɚɜɚɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɧɟɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ
ȼɨ-ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɹɦɚɹ ɫɫɵɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ
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ȼ-ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɧɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ ɢ ɨɞ ɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɚɬ ɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɢɯ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɬɚ ɬɶɢ ɩɪɟɜɚɥɢɪɭɸɬ
Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɵ ©ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋª ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɰɟɥɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸ ɳɢɯ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɨɪɨ ɧɚɦɢ Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɢɞɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɰɚ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ
Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɸɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɩɟ ɪɚɰɢɣ
ȼɫɟɝɨ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɯ ɧɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɮɪɨɜɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɧɹ ɬɢɟɦ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ
ȼ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɢ ©ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋª ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɜɢɞɟ
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ǹȇȈȒȏȝȇ |
Ɉɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ©ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋª |
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Ⱥ ɈȻəɁȺɇɇɈɋɌɂ ɉɊɈȾȺȼɐȺ |
Ȼ ɈȻəɁȺɇɇɈɋɌɂ ɉɈɄɍɉȺɌȿɅə |
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Ⱥ ɉɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ |
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Ȼ ɍɩɥɚɬɚ ɰɟɧɵ |
ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ |
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Ⱥ Ʌɢɰɟɧɡɢɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ |
Ȼ Ʌɢɰɟɧɡɢɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ |
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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Ⱥ Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
Ȼ Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
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Ⱥ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ |
Ȼ ɉɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ |
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Ⱥ ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ |
Ȼ ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ |
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Ⱥ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ |
Ȼ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ |
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Ⱥ ɍɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ |
Ȼ ɍɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭ |
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Ⱥ Ⱦɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ |
Ȼ Ⱦɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ |
ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɥɢ |
ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɥɢ |
ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ |
ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ |
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Ⱥ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ – ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ – ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ |
Ȼ ɂɧɫɩɟɤɰɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ |
Ⱥ Ⱦɪɭɝɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ |
Ȼ Ⱦɪɭɝɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ |
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ȼ ©ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ- ª ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɪɭɝ ɡɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ ɜɨɡɪɚɫ ɬɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɩɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ
ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɨɦ ɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɪɢɫɤɢ ɩɨɜɪɟ ɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɜɫɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɂɧɤɨ ɬɟɪɦɫ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ȿ Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ) ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɋ ɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ '
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ⱦɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɦɵ ɩɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɦɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨ ɩɪɨɫɚ
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©(ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɟɰ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨ ɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ – ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ ɯɨɱɟɬ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɞɟɥɚɥ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɨ ɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ ɩɨ ɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ
©)ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɉɭɧɤɬ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɶ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɜɤɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɭ )&$ ɞɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɟɳɟ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɜɵ ɡɵɜɚɥ ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɯ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɦ Ɍɚɤ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɢɫɥɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɛɪɚɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɡ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɭɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɫ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɫɥɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɰɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ
©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɱɟɬ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɞɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɬɭ ɠɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɱɬɨ ɢ ©)ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤɢ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɩɨ ©)ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɦ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɜ ɤɚ ɬɟɝɨɪɢɸ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ
©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɫɨɞɟɪ ɠɚɬɞɜɟ©ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟªɬɨɱɤɢ Ɉɞɧɚɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɬɨɱɤɭ ɞɨɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰɞɨɥ ɠɟɧ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɢ ɧɟɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠ ɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɨɬ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɥ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɟ ɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɭ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ &,) ɢ &,3
ɋɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɤɪɟɞɢ ɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɨɩɥɚɬɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɛɚɧɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɨɱ ɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɦɭ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɭ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɝɨ
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ɤɪɟɞɢɬɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɥɨ ɛɵ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɧɟɫ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɟ ɪɢɫɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɥɚɬɵ ɩɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɦ ɤɪɟɞɢ ɬɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭ ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɬɢ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɨɬɬɨɝɨ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɥɢɝɪɭɡɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɨɬ ɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɚɯɬ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɟ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɜ ɩɨɪɬɭ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɢɦɟɜɲɢɯ ɦɟ ɫɬɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɩɨɤɭɩɚ ɬɟɥɹ
©'ª – ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɛɵ ɬɢɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥ ɜ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɚ ɧɢɰɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɚ ɉɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɧɟɫɬɢ ɜɫɟ ɪɢɫɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɞɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɬɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ©'ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɩɪɢɛɵ ɬɢɹ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ©&ª – ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ ɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɯ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɩɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɫɵɥɤɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɰɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɯɨɠ ɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɚɦɨɠɧɸ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɩɨɲɥɢɧɵ ɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɫɛɨɪɨɜ ɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɜɫɟɯ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɚɦɨɠɧɸ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɨɪɝɚ ɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɷɬɚ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɤɟɦ-ɥɢɛɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɟɪ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɟɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɱɢ ɳɚɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɚ
ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɹɞɚ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɧɨ ɨɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɜ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɟ
xɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ – ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɸɬ ɤɚɤɚɹ ɭɩɚ ɤɨɜɤɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɫɨɱɬɟɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɭ ɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɫɥɨ ɜɢɹɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɟɦɭ ɢɡ ɜɟɫɬɧɵɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟɫɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɞɨɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ
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xɨɫɦɨɬɪ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ – ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨ ɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɛ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɞɨ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɰɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɨɫɦɨɬɪ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ 36, ɟɫɥɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɚɦ ɨɩɥɚ ɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɫɦɨɬɪ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɜɰɭ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɤɚɤɢɟ-ɥɢɛɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɪɢɦɟ ɧɢɦɵɟ ɤ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɚɦ ɨɩɥɚ ɬɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɫɦɨɬɪ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ (;: ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɩɨ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɭ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟ
xɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠ – ɞɨɝɨɜɚɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɠɟɥɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠ
ɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɥɚɫɢɣ ɫ ɢɯ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɨɦ ɩɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɱɟɬɤɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɛ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɟ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚ ɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɵ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɤɭɩɥɢ – ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹɟɞɢɧɨɝɨɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɝɨɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɢɨɛɦɟɧɟɤɨɪ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɢɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɏɚɤɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɂɇɄɈ ɌȿɊɆɋ ɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɢɥɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɤɨɪɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɢɸ ɫɚɦ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ Ⱥɪɛɢɬ ɪɚɠ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɹ ɩɚɥɚɬɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ ɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɨɛ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɟ ©ȼɫɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɡ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ Ⱥɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɚ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɵ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɦɢ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɉɪɚ ɜɢɥɚɦɢª.
ǹȗȇȔȘȖȕȗșȔȕȌ ȕȈȌȘȖȌȞȌȔȏȌ ȈȇȎȏȘȔȢȜ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȐ ȖȕȘșȇȉȑȏ Ȗȕ ǯȔȑȕșȌȗȓȘ-2020
Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ ɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ
xɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
xɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ
xɮɨɪɦɢɦɟɬɨɞɨɜɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢɢɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ȼ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɋ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ
126
ɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ – ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɵɧɤɚɯ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɟɪɚ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɨ ɪɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ – ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛ ɪɚɡɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɪɨɥɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ
ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɧɟɱ ɧɵɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɮɢɪɦ ɩɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɩɟ ɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɮɨɪɦ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢ ɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟ ɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɹɡɹɯ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɹɞɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɉɟɪɜɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɷɤɨ ɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɹɡɹɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɦɟɠ ɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɵɧɤɚɯ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɤɭɩɥɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɧɚ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɚ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɪɵɧɤɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ
Ⱦɪɭɝɚɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ – ɨɫɨɛɨ ɨɫɬɪɨɟ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹ ɬɢɟ ɢ ɭɱɟɬ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɪɵɧɤɚɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɰɟɧɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ
ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚ ɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɨɤ ɜ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ȼ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ʉɨɧɜɟɧ ɰɢɹ ɈɈɇ ɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚɯ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ ɝ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚɞɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɢɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɜɫɟ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋ ɞɟɬɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ.
ǹȇȈȒȏȝȇ
Ⱦɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ-
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ( |
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(;: Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ |
Ɉɬɝɪɭɡɤɚ |
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)&$ Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ |
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ) |
)$6 ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɛɨɪɬɚ ɫɭɞɧɚ |
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ |
ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ |
ɧɟ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɚ |
)2% ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɧɚ ɛɨɪɬɭ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɪɬɚ |
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ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɢ |
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127
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ǵȑȕȔȞȇȔȏȌ șȇȈȒȏȝȢ |
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&)5 ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɮɪɚɯɬ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɪɬɚ |
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ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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&,) ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɪɚɯɬ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ |
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ & |
ɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɚ |
&37 ɉɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɨ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ |
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ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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&,3 ɉɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɨ |
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ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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'38 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ |
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ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢ |
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ' |
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'$3 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ |
Ⱦɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ |
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''3 ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɫ ɨɩɥɚɬɨɣ ɩɨɲɥɢɧ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ |
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ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɍɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɪɨɤ ©ɮɪɚɧɤɨª ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɥɨɜɚ ©ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨª Ɉɧ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧ ɨɬ ɪɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɤ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɨɛɨɡɧɚ ɱɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɥɨɜɨɦ ©ɮɪɚɧɤɨª ȼ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɯ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɗɬɢɦɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɦɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɬɵ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɚɷɪɨ ɞɪɨɦɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ ɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɨɜ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɝɪɭɡɨɩɨɥɭɱɚ ɬɟɥɟɣ ɛɢɪɠ ɚɭɤɰɢɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɡɚɜɨɞɵ-ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ȿ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɗɄɋȼ – ɋ ɡɚɜɨɞɚ – (;:
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɮɪɚɧɤɨ-ɡɚɜɨɞ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɥɨ ɜɢɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɉɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɧɟ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɡɚ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɨɬɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɉɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ ɛɟɪɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɢ ɪɢɫɤɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɨɣ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ ɞɨ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɗɬɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɚ
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ) ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɎɋȺ – ©Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ-ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤª – )ɋȺ;
ɎȺɋ ɢɥɢ ©Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ – ɜɞɨɥɶ ɛɨɪɬɚ ɫɭɞɧɚª – )$6; ɎɈȻ ɢɥɢ ©Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ – ɛɨɪɬ ɫɭɞɧɚª – )Ɉȼ.
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɥ ɫɜɨɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɥ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɭ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤ ɰɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɗɬɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɨɛɹ
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ɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹɜɯɨɞɢɬɜɵɛɨɪɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɚɫɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɫɧɢɦɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ
ɉɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɟɬ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɸ ɨ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɤ ɨɬɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɢ ɨɬɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭ ɫɜɨɢ ɢɧ ɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɭ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɤɭɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɯ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ) – ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɫɹ ɷɬɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɹɫɧɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɪ ɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɟ ©Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ-ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤª ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɨɤ ɥɸɛɵɦ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɞ ɫɪɨɤɨɦ ©ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤª ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɮɢɪɦɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɢɬ ɝɪɭɡɵ ɧɨ ɢ ɬɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɟ ɜɨɡɤɭ ɛɟɪɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɢɦɢ
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɋ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɄȺɎ ɢɥɢ ©ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɮɪɚɯɬª – ɋȺ) ɋɂɎ ɢɥɢ ©ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɪɚɯɬª – CI) ɋɉɌ ɢɥɢ ©Ⱦɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɚ ɤ ª – ɋɊɌ ɋɂɉ ɢɥɢ ©Ⱦɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɵ ɤ ª – ɋIɊ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɭ ɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɦɟɫɬɭ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡɜɟɳɚɟɬ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɨ ɞɟɬɚɥɹɯ ɨɬɩɪɚɜ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɛɵɬɢɹ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɜ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɉɪɢ ɦɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚɯ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɨɪɨɝɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɧ ɤɨɪɚɛɥɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ
ȼ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɯ ɧɚ ɋ-ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ ɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɭ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɢɫɩɵ ɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɉɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɨɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɭ ɜɫɸ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɥɢ ɮɪɚɯɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɨ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɥɚɬɚ ɞɨɩɭɫ ɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨ ɞɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɫɥɟ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɵ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɧɟ ɩɨ ɜɢɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɚɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭ ɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɩɟɪɟ ɜɨɡɤɢ Ɉɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɫɸ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɤ ɦɟɫɬɭ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɨɤ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɇɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɚ ɧɟɨɛ ɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɟɩɪɟɞɜɢɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɩɪɢ
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ɪɨɞɧɵɟɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɛɚɫɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟɚɤɬɵ ɜɨɣɧɚɢɥɢɜɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɧɟɫɬɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɤɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɩɥɚ ɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɚ ɪɟ ɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɥɢɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɮɪɚɯɬɚ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɭɠɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɟɫɥɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɭ ɫɚɦɢɦ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ ɫɭɞɧɨɦ ɬɨ ɷɬɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚɯ ɱɚɪ ɬɟɪɧɵɦɢɫɭɞɚɦɢɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰɦɨɠɟɬɜɡɹɬɶɧɚɫɟɛɹɪɚɫɯɨɞɵɧɚɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɩɪɢɛɚɜɢɜ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɪɨɤɨɜ ɋɂɎ ɢɥɢ ɄȺɎ ɫɥɨɜɚ ©ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɭª
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ' ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ Ⱦɉɍ ɢɥɢ ©ɉɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢª – '38; ȾȺɉ – ©ɉɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɞɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚª – '$3; ȾȾɉ – ©ɉɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɫ ɨɩɥɚɬɨɣ ɩɨɲɥɢɧɵª – ''3.
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹɝɪɭɩɩɵ'ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɞɥɹɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɜ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɛɟɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɢ ɪɢɫɤ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ-ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɯ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɟɰ ɧɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɡɚ ɭɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɲɥɢɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɢɧɵɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɨɡɟ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ʉɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɵ ɧɚ '-ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɤ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ©ɞɨɫɬɚɜɨɱ ɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɨɜª ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɵ ɧɚ ɋ-ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ©ɨɬɝɪɭɡɨɱ ɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɦɢª.
ȿɫɥɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɤɭɩɥɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɛɨɪ ɧɢɤɟ ,1&27(506 ɨɧɢ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɫɵɥɤɭ ɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɧɚɩɪɢ ɦɟɪ &,) ɩɨ ,1&27(506-
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɜɢ ɞɚɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɂɇɄɈɌȿɊɆɋɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨ ɛɨɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ
ǹȇȈȒȏȝȇ 4
ȼɢɞ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ ɂɧɤɨɬɟɪɦɫ-
Ʌɸɛɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ
Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ( |
(;: |
Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ |
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Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ) |
)&$ |
Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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&37 |
Ɏɪɚɯɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟ |
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Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɋ |
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ɧɢɹ |
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&,3 |
Ɏɪɚɯɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɥɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ |
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ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ' |
'38 |
ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢ |
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'$3 |
ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ |
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''3 |
ɉɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɫ ɨɩɥɚɬɨɣ ɩɨɲɥɢɧɵ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ |
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