Коммуникативная организация и языковые средства восприятия иноязычного текста практикум по английскому языку для инженеров. Учебное пособие

students have a chance to study abroad. Great attention is paid to spare time of students. There is a theatre-studio «Lozha» and some other amateur groups. The University is famous for its sportsmen too. The University has also the scientific newspaper «Vestnik», where training appliances and the results of research work can be published.

(adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzbass_State_Technical_University)

c Answer the questions to the text.

1.When was Kuzbass State Technical University founded?

2.Who was its first rector?

3.Does the University have a great growth potential?

4.What equipment is there in the University?

5.How many students study at KuzSTU?

6.How many buildings are there in the University campus?

7.Are there students’ hostels?

8.What international connections does the University have?

9.What do students do in their free time?

10.Are there good sportsmen at KuzSTU?

Ex. 2. Watch the video about Kuzbass State Technical University: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YHOI1F3jZY and write down as much additional information about the University as you can. Discuss it in the group.

Ex. 3. Act out the following. A delegation of students and teachers from Oxford University are on a visit at KuzSTU. You are asked to tell the guests about the University. Tell them about:

1.its location;

2.its institutes / departments;

3.its courses;

4.how long the complete course lasts;

5.the number of students;

6.the subjects you study (humanities, technical subjects);

7.the equipment the University is provided with;

8.the examinations you take and grants you can receive;

9.the students’ hostels;

10.what you like about KuzSTU.

41

Ex. 4. Prepare a presentation / a slide show about Kuzbass State Technical University, your institute and studying here.

Ex. 5. Review some and any. Complete the sentences with something /anything, somebody / anybody or nobody.

1.Do you know … higher educational institution which trains specialists in engineering?

2.There are … large higher educational institutions in the region.

3.Do you know … about management?

4.I have written … tests with good marks, but I haven’t passed … exam yet.

5.Are there … honoured scientists among the lecturers?

6.There are … departments, well-equipped laboratories, a computer centre at this university, but there is no … museum in it.

7.The campus of this university consists of … buildings and students’ hostels.

8.Does the university have … international connections with higher educational institutions abroad?

9.… told me yesterday that the examination would be on Friday.

10.This student is absent for some days, and .… really knows what has happened with him.

Ex. 6. Review Present Perfect Tense. Complete the sentences with the right forms of the verbs.

take buy go see tell see forget decide not / tell read

1.«Can I have a look at your certificate?» «Yes, I _________ it with me.»

2.I _________ some new books. Do you want to look at them?

3.«Where’s Liz?» «She’s not here. She _________ to the university.»

4.I’m looking for Mr James. _____ you _____ him?

5.«Does Mrs Brown know that you’re going away from the lecture?» «Yes, _________ her.»

6.«Where are my glasses?» «I don’t know. I _________ them.»

7.I know that student. But I _________ her name.

8.What are you going to do after graduation from the University?

_____ you _____yet?

42

9.«Does Bill know about the lecture tomorrow?» «I don’t think so. I

_________ him.»

10.«Do you need this scientific magazine?» «No, I _________ it, thanks.»

Ex. 7. Complete the sentences. Use already + Present Perfect.

1.I _________ (choose) my career.

2.He _________ (apply) for the course of mining engineering.

3.My sister _________ (enter) the university.

4.«What time is Paul arriving?» «He _________.»

5.«Do your groupmates want to take textbooks at the library?» «No, they _________ them.»

6.«Don’t forget to phone Mr Black.» «I _________.»

7.My friend _________ (get) a Bachelor’s degree and he wants to continue his education.

8.«When is Martin going away?» «He _________.»

9.«Do you want to read that article?» «I _________.»

10.When does Sarah start her new job?» «She _________.»

Ex. 8. Write gone or been.

1.I have already _____ to the university today.

2.I have _____ to Novosibirsk. Actually, my relatives live there, and I visit the city every summer.

3.Bill is not at the University now. He is on holiday at the moment. He has _____ home.

4.«Where’s Jane?» «She’s not here. I think she’s _____ to the

University.»

5.«Hello, Sue. Where have you _____? Have you _____ to the University?»

6.«Have you ever _____ to Moscow?» «No, never.»

7.My friends aren’t at the students’ hostel at the moment. They’ve

_____ out.

8.There’s a new laboratory at the University. Have you _____ to it?

9.Rebecca knows where the University library is. She’s _____ there many times.

10.Mrs Coom was here earlier, but I think she’s _____ now.

43

Ex. 9. Which is right?

1.I was / have been to the University library yesterday.

2.My friend never visited / has never visited Moscow.

3.Alexander lives / has lived in Kemerovo since August.

4.Jane and I are groupmates. I know / I’ve known her very well.

5.Jane and I are groupmates. I know / I’ve known her for a long time.

6.«Sorry, I’m late for the meeting. How long are you waiting / have you been waiting?» «Not long. Only five minutes.»

7.Alex works / has worked in an engineering company now. He likes his job a lot.

8.«How long do you live / have you lived in the students’ hostel?» «About a year.»

9.Sam is reading a book. He is reading / He has been reading it for two hours.

10.Alex is / has been at home in Belovo at the moment. He is / has been there for the last two days.

Ex. 10. Put the verb in Present Perfect or Past Simple.

1.My friend is a first-year student. He _________ (already / pass) the necessary exams.

2.We _________ (not / have) a long holiday last year.

3.I _________ (go) to the lectures yesterday afternoon.

4.What time _________ (you / go) to bed last night?

5._________ (you / ever / meet) the rector of the University?

6.Kathy travels on business a lot. She _________ (visit) many countries.

7.I _________ (switch) off the light before going to the University this morning.

8.I live in Kemerovo now, but I _________ (live) in Belovo for many years before entering the University.

44

24.go to primary / secondary / 50. well-equipped high school

25.graduate

45

UNIT III. INVENTORS AND THEIR INVENTIONS

Vocabulary: science, subjects

Grammar: Modal Verbs

Future Simple Tense

Passive Voice

PART 1. TALKING ABOUT THE WORLD’S FAMOUS INVENTORS

Ex. 1. a Look at the photographs below. Do you know these scientists? Do you know what they invented? Who of them contributed much into your sphere of study (engineering, welding, electricity, transport, etc.)?

1.Alexander Graham Bell

2.Albert Einstein

3.Michael Faraday

4.Isaac Newton

46

b Read these biographical texts and match them with the inventors’ names below. There is one odd name.

1.Alexander Graham Bell

2.Albert Einstein

3.Michael Faraday

4.Isaac Newton

5.Mikhail Lomonosov

A.This scientist was born in 1642 in the little village in Lincolnshire, England. His father was a farmer and died before the son was born. His mother was a clever woman who he always loved. After school, he studied mathematics at Cambridge University and received his degree in 1665. Then the University was closed because of the danger of plague and he went home for eighteen months. He had always been interested in the problems of light. Many people saw colours of a rainbow but he was the only person who showed, by his experiments, that white light consists of these colours. So, it was the most important period in his life when he made his three great discoveries – the discoveries of the differential calculus, the nature of white light, and the law of gravitation that he discovered when he sat in the garden and his attention was drawn by the fall of an apple. He asked himself: «Why does that apple fall perpendicularly to the ground? Why doesn’t it go sidewards or upwards?» The answer to this question was the theory of gravitation. He died at the age of 84, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where his monument stands nowadays.

B.This scientist was born in 1711 in Archangelsk province. His father was a fisher and the boy liked to help him. He always strove for knowledge and liked reading books. As he was 19 years old, he decided to study in Moscow. He went there on foot. In Moscow he entered the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. After his graduation from the Academy he was sent abroad to complete his knowledge in chemistry and mining. After he had returned, he became the first Russian professor of chemistry in 1745. At first he was engaged in research in physics and chemistry. Since 1748 he conducted works in the first Russian chemical research laboratory, which was built at his request. Since 1753 he was engaged in research in many fields of natural and applied sciences. He wrote works on physics, astronomy, geography, history. Besides scientific works, he wrote poems as well. He is the author of the first scientific grammar of

47

the Russian language. He also was the founder of the first Russian university. This university is situated in Moscow and still carries his name. He died in 1765.

C.This scientist was born in a small village near London on September 11, 1791, in a poor family. His father lived from hand to mouth. At the age of 13 he went to work in a bookbinder’s shop. He was very interested in some of the scientific works and articles which passed through his hands and he started to read. Some time later he became a pupil of a great scientist of that time, Sir Humphry Davy. The boy accompanied Davy in his trips to Europe. The educational value of such trips was great. There he met Ampere who had already made a name for himself in the history of electricity. Today almost all the electricity we use is generated by great machines with magnets in them but those days no one knew how to do it. And the scientist got what he wanted by moving the magnet near wire but he didn’t stop at this. He made a new kind of glass and a new kind of steel. He made about two thousand difficult experiments and made countless discoveries in chemistry and physics. He also was the creator of the electric motor.

D.This scientist was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Germany, and spent most of his youth living in Munich, where his family owned a small shop. He attended the school in Munich which he found unimaginative and dull. In addition to this, he taught himself Euclidean geometry at the age of 12. Later his family was forced to move to Milan, Italy where he decided to withdraw from school at the age of 15. Eventually, he realized that he had to finish secondary school. On the other hand, he still often skipped classes to study physics on his own. At the age of 22, he became a Swiss citizen and in 1903 married a woman named Mileva Marec. In a few years two sons were born. He published five major research papers at the age of 26. The first paper was on Brownian motion. The second paper laid the base of the photon, or quantum theory of light. It said that light is made off separate packets of energy, titled quanta or photons. The paper remade the theory of light also explaining the emissions of electrons from some solid objects when they are struck by light. Televisions are practical applications of his discoveries. The third paper which he began as an essay at the age of 16, contained the special theory of relativity. He showed that time and motion are relative to the observer, and the speed of light is constant and natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe. His fourth and fifth

48

papers were connected with the theory of relativity. In 1919 he divorced as to marry his cousin. Later in 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for physics. In 1933 he moved to the USA where he became a citizen in 1940. He died in Princeton, NJ, on April 18, 1955.

Ex. 2. Work at the pronunciation of the underlined words and phrases from the texts above. Choose and retell any scientist’s biography.

Ex. 3. a Role-play. Imagine you are scientists in a secret science laboratory.

You have worked on cloning for years. In cloning, you take one cell from an organism and make another organism exactly like the first.

For thousands of years, people have cloned plants. In the 1950s, scientists at the Institute for Cancer Research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, successfully cloned frogs. In the 1970s, scientists at Oxford and Yale successfully cloned rabbits, mice and sheep. Last week you discovered a way to clone humans.

bDivide into 3-4 «research departments» and discuss candidates of scientists and inventors who you should clone in your laboratory. You can choose only one. Represent your candidate to «the whole science laboratory» and explain your choice.

cAfter role-playing discuss the following:

1.Who should make decisions about cloning: government leaders, religious people, scientists or others?

2.Can cloning make the world better or worse? Can the world be better if we have 1,000 Einsteins?

3.Can you name any people you would never clone? Why?

Ex. 4. Review Modal Verbs and their equivalents: can / can’t, must / mustn’t, have to / don’t have to, should / shouldn’t.

Can you do these things? Say or write true sentences. Use I can or I can’t.

1.receive your degree in the end of this year;

2.experiment in physics;

3.conduct works in chemistry;

49

4.invent something;

5.write a scientific article;

6.tell us about the theory of relativity;

7.predict any discovery;

8.design a new device;

9.program a computer;

10.believe that one day computers will do everything that people do.

Ex. 5. Say or write the sentences with must / mustn’t or have to / don’t have to + one of the verbs.

1.You _____ _____. You can stay in this laboratory if you want.

2.It’s a fantastic experiment. You _____ _____ it.

3.The scientific conference won’t be busy tomorrow. We _____ _____

a place in the conference hall.

4.I was very busy last week. I _____ _____ every evening.

5.I want to know the results of that experiment. You _____ _____ me.

6.You _____ _____ Sue what happened. I don’t want her to know.

7.I _____ _____ or I’ll be late.

8.«Why were you so late?» «I _____ _____ half an hour for a bus.»

9.We _____ _____ now. We can decide later.

10.It’s International scientific conference next month. I _____ _____ to give the information to my colleagues.

Ex. 6. Say or write the sentences with should or shouldn’t + one of

1.We have to get up early tomorrow because we _____ _____ our work in the laboratory.

2.That experiment is too dangerous, you _____ _____ another method.

3.You don’t need any more experts, you _____ _____ this work yourself.

4.Karen needs more time for the invention, so she _____ _____ a couple of days.

5.Sally and Dan are too young for that work. They _____ _____ the project.

50