Иностранный язык профильного региона (английский). Учебно-методическое пособие

Suggested phrases:

Bloody Mary, religious persecutions, Good Queen Bess, to guide people through difficult times.

[17, p. 17, 18]

Aural practice

1. Study the following proper names:

1.1the Anglican Church, the Golden Age, Shakespeare, Sir Francis Drake, Sir Walter Raleigh /’ra:li/.

1.2Notice the cognate words, translate the derived words and the word combinations with them into Russian:

justice n – Justices of the Peace; pope n – papal authority, papal interference; navy n – brilliant naval commanders; supreme a – the Act of Supremacy; extreme a – extremist doctrines; strength n – strengthen v; resent v – resentful; expand v – overseas expansion; trade v/n – trading routes, trade routes.

2. Listen to the text Tudor England (abridged) [4, p. 22, paras 4, 5]. T or F:

1)In Tudor times the authority of Parliament strengthened.

2)England’s overseas expansion began after the Golden Age.

The new foreign policy

Reading. Oral practice

1. Study the following words and word combinations:

(n) harbour, warship, gun, rival, the Dutch, the Netherlands; (v) remain, encourage, interrupt, gain from;

declare war on, carry smb’s work much further.

2. Read the text The new foreign policy (abridged) [7, p. 73, paras 1-4]. Answer the following questions:

1)Which English monarchs had similar ideas about trade and foreign policy? What were those ideas?

2)What was England’s policy towards Spain then? Why?

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3. Find in the text the English for the following word combinations:

считать торговлю самым важным вопросом внешней политики; соперник в торговле; оставаться основой внешней политики; признавать важность торговли; построить большой флот торговых кораблей; тратить деньги на военные корабли и пушки; продвинуть/повести (чью-то) работу дальше; поощрять торговую экспансию; объявление войны Испании; сокровищем дeлились с королевой; поощрять “морских собак”; создавать морскую торговлю; препятствовать морской торговле.

4. Pair work

4.1Talk about England’s new foreign policy.

4.2Which of their successors might have deserved the highest and the least praise from Henry VII? Henry VIII? Why?

4.3Support or challenge these statements:

1)The Wars of the Roses were followed by an era of stability and strong government.

2)In the 16th century the power of the English monarchs increased.

3)In the 16th century the power of the Roman Church in England was swept away forever.

4)During the Tudor period England saw essential changes in ideas and society.

5)The Tudor monarchs used Parliament to strengthen their policy.

6)The Tudor monarchs needed and had the support of the merchants and landowners.

7)“Elizabeth’s foreign policy carried Henry VII’s work much further <…>” [7, p. 73]

8)Elizabeth I was an outstanding ruler.

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Unit 3

CUSTOMS. HOLIDAYS

-What is your favourite holiday? Why?

-Look at the pictures / watch video. Which British traditions do they show?

Vocabulary work. Oral practice

1.Study the following words and expressions. Give examples of the Russian symbolic calendar days, holidays, activities in observance of holidays, constituent parts of celebrations, gifts, special celebration foods. What differences from and similarities with the British culture can you find reflected in the vocabulary below?..

Topical vocabulary

(abridged)

1. Symbolic calendar days of rest and celebration: holidays; bank holidays (BrE), public holidays (AmE); festivals.

2. Types of holiday: international; national, local; family; political; cultural; seasonal; religious; ethnic.

3.Activities in observance of holidays: to mark; to observe; to celebrate; to commemorate; to honour; to recognize an occasion, a date; to keep up, maintain, carry on the tradition; to organize, to hold, to sponsor a parade, a demonstration; to give a party (to throw a party) (colloq.); to demonstrate labour solidarity; to have a family get-together; merry-making; to give presents (BrE), gifts (AmE); to send greeting cards, Valentine cards; to go treat or tricking; to ask a penny for the guy; to have bonfires; to lay wreaths.

4.Constituent parts of national celebrations: New Year tree decorations (BrE), trimmings (AmE); ornaments; glitter; evergreen; wreaths of evergreen; garlands; holly; mistletoe; fir-cones; bonfires; fireworks; the flying of flags, balloons and paper streamers; horns; Santa Claus and his reindeer, Father Frost and Snow Maiden; dressing up; fancy-dress balls; witches; ghosts; stockings (for presents).

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5.Gifts: toys (dolls, a set of building blocks, teddy-bears); boxes of candies or cookies (AmE); boxes of sweets or biscuits (BrE); chocolate (Easter); eggs; red roses (for Valentine’s Day).

6.Special celebration foods: the Christmas bird (turkey or goose); the Christmas pudding; chocolate log; mince pies; cake; Easter eggs; the Thanksgiving turkey and a pumpkin pie; pancakes; roasted chestnuts.

7.Politically marked ceremonies and parliamentary conventions:

Trooping the Colour; opening of Parliament; the Lord Chancellor’s procession; the Gentleman of the Black Rod mission; Beefeaters searching the cellars of the Houses of Parliament, etc.

[14, p. 201-202]

2. Pair work

2.1Talk about your family traditions: what holidays you celebrate and how.

2.2Tell about a holiday you have seen on a visit to a foreign country or watching TV; a non-Russian ethnic holiday in Russia.

Summarizing

1.“A summary is a relatively brief restatement, in the reader’s own words, of the reading’s main ideas. Summaries vary in length, depending on the reader’s purpose. Some summaries are very brief – a sentence or even a subordinate clause. <…> To summarize, you need to segregate the main ideas from the supporting material, usually by making an outline of the reading. You will want to use your own words for the most part, but you may use key words or quote selected key words and phrases. You may also want to cite the title and refer to the author by name, indicating with verbs like expresses, acknowledges, and explains the writer’s purpose and strategy at each point in the argument. <…>” [1, p. 427] Here is how those verbs may be used: “King (the author. – T.M.) expresses his disappointment with … He acknowledges that … , but he explains that … Furthermore, he argues that … He concludes by again expressing disappointment with …” [taken in Ibid., p. 427-428]

2.You need to learn to cite the title of the text and the source, identify and restate the topic and the facts reported by the author. You are to do it in the form of oral summary.

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Reading. Oral practice

1.Study the following words and word combinations:

1.1mode n зд. образ действий, манера;

prank n проделка, проказа; шутка; mature /mə’ʧuər/ a взрослый;

transmit v зд. передавать: to transmit a tradition to the younger generation; drop v зд. понижаться; спадать, стихать;

revive v зд. возобновлять; spank v шлёпать (ладонью); pinch v ущипнуть;

punish v наказывать;

ingrained habit укоренившаяся привычка; require rites of passage требовать обрядности;

play pranks on smb шутить, подшучивать над кем-л., разыгрывать к-л.

1.2Give the Russian for the derived words below:

mature – maturity n; marry – marriage n, married couple; spank – spanking ger/n, punish – punishment n.

2.1 Read the passage below. Name the concepts introduced and distinguished between, the customs under discussion.

The Field of Folklore

(abridged)

A custom is a traditional practice, a mode of individual behavior or a habit of social life – that is transmitted by word of mouth or imitation, then ingrained by social pressure, common usage and parental authority. When customs are associated with holidays they become calendar customs, and when such events are celebrated annually by a whole community they become festivals.

Most true folk customs in the US are associated with special events, especially those that require rites of passage – birth, marriage, and death. They begin at once when a child is born. Boy babies are customarily dressed in blue, and girls in pink.

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Celebrations of birthday anniversaries may begin as early as the first year in some families and they may continue through one’s entire life. More commonly, however, birthday parties are dropped at about high school age sometimes to be revived once at the symbolic age of maturity (21 years) and again as an annual celebration in later middle age. Children’s birthdays almost invariably are the occasion for spanking – one spank for each year, with extras “to grow in” or “for good measure”. Children in some regions face extra-punishment days before and after the birthday anniversary – “pinch day”, “hit day”, “kiss day” and so forth.

Birthday gift at a party may be held over the head of the celebrating child for him to guess the donor or to announce the use to which he intends to put that gift. For each correct guess he is granted a wish.

Wedding customs begin with the “shower”, often several of them, to emphasize different kinds of needed gifts.

Customs of the wedding itself are numerous and largely regulated by tradition. They include the dress of participants, the seating of guests, the choice of attendants, kissing the bride, throwing rice, passing the bride’s shoe around for money, playing pranks on the married couple, and decorating the car.

[14, p. 203-204] (1889 characters)

2.2 Answer the following questions:

1)What is a custom? a calendar custom? a festival? How are they similar and different?

2)What are the US traditions in birthday anniversary celebration?

3)What do the US wedding customs include?

4)Which custom(s) do you like better or approve of, which do you find funny?

Summarizing

1. Look at the structure of the passage under consideration. Where in the text does the author move on from the description of the concept to particular customs? from one particular custom to another? What events do those customs include?

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2. Introduce the text under consideration and summarize orally what you have learnt about customs. Compare your summary with the one below.

The extract under study comes from the text called The Field of Folklore which is published in a textbook for the students of English. The extract deals with the concept “custom” and two customs followed in the USA.

A custom is described as a traditional practice, individual or social, acquired in the family and community circles. The author draws a distinction between calendar customs and festivals. The former are holidayassociated, the latter are the community-celebrated annuals.

Most US folk customs presuppose certain events. The extract is focused on those related to birthday celebration and marriage. Birthday celebrations often vary in regularity depending on age. The celebrating child is usually subjected to pretended punishment. Gift-giving may be merged with guessgame. In turn, the row of wedding customs opens with the bridal shower. The numerous tradition-regulated customs of wedding proper range from people’s dress, mode of behaviour to car decoration.

(765 characters)

3. Compare the summary below with the one above. How are they different? A custom is a traditional practice, individual or social, acquired in the family and community. The holiday-associated customs are calendar

customs, the community-celebrated annuals are festivals.

In the US, birthday celebrations often vary in regularity depending on age. The celebrating child is traditionally subjected to spanking or some other pretended punishment. Gift-giving is merged there with guess-game. In turn, the row of wedding customs opens with the bridal shower. The numerous tradition-regulated customs of wedding proper range from people’s dress, mode of behaviour to car decoration.

(604 characters)

Reading. Oral practice

1. Study the following words:

1.1 registrar n /,reʤi’stra:/ n “регистратор (в отделе записи актов гражданского состояния [registry office])” /’reʤistri/;

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clergyman /’klə:ʤimən/ n “священник англиканской церкви”; confirmation n “конфирмация (первое причастие юношей и девушек в англиканской церкви)” [20, p. 405, 126, 137];

spiritual /’spirʧuəl/ a духовный; welfare /’welfeə/ n благополучие;

crystal /’kristəl/ хрусталь (минерал, стекло); scent /sent/ n духи;

last v длиться, e.g. last a lifetime;

baptize v “1. церк. 1) крестить; совершать обряд крещения 2) давать имя, нарекать”[19, р. 190];

christen /’krisən/ v “1. церк. 1) крестить 2) давать имя при крещении;

нарекать” [19, р. 371];

christening n “крещениe (обряд англиканской церкви [Church of England] <…>)” [20, p. 120];

vice versa /,vais(i)’və:sə/ лат. наоборот, обратно

1.2 Give the Russian for the word combination and the derived words below:

bind (переплетать книгу), bound – a leather-bound book, prefer (предпочитать) – preferably adv, intend (предназначать) – intended a; baptize – baptist(e)ry n.

2. Read the text below.

2.1 How is the custom in question different from or similar to its Russian counterpart?

BIRTHS AND CHRISTENINGS

When a child is born its parents may wish to announce the birth in a national or local newspaper. The announcement may read as follows:

Smith. On February 12th, 1963, at St. Mary’s Hospital, Paddington, to Mary, wife of James Smith, 15 Blank Terrace, S.W. 3, a daughter. (The name can be added in brackets.)

The birth must be registered at the local registrar’s office within six weeks in England and Wales and three weeks in Scotland. A child is usually christened in the first six months of its life.

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At the christening there is one godmother and two godfathers for a boy and vice versa for a girl (but no godparents are necessary at a Church of Scotland christening). The godmother always holds the baby during the ceremony and gives it to the clergyman just before he baptizes it. She makes the responses* during the ceremony and tells the clergyman the names when asked. The true role of godparents is to watch over the spiritual welfare of their godchildren until confirmation or at least to show interest in them throughout their childhood.

Usually, but by no means always, the friends and relatives give a christening present. Traditionally, the godparents give a silver cup, which is probably going to be far more useful if it is a beer mug! Other presents should preferably be something intended to last a lifetime, such as a leatherbound bible or poetry book, a silver spoon or a crystal and silver scent bottle.

(Etiquette by Martine Legge) [21, p. 153-154]

“*response – in Church, words said or sung by the people in reply to the priest” [Ibid., p. 282]

2.2What events follow the birth of an English child? Which is the most exciting one?

2.3Pair work

Role play. You have become godmother / godfather at today’s christening ceremony. Tell about your experience in this capacity, your new responsibilities and plans to do your duty.

3.1 Read the text below. What new information have you leant?

Twenty-First Birthdays

*Twenty-one today, Twenty-one today!

I’ve got the key of the door, Never been twenty-one before…

It is an important date in any person’s life when he or she officially comes of age. A twenty-first birthday party is generally arranged to

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celebrate the occasion. All those invited to the party send or bring presents, and of course nobody forgets to send a card. Twenty-first birthday cards usually have a picture of a key on them, which is a symbol of the young person’s independence. Sometimes the parents or some of the friends of the person who has reached the legal age of maturity, give him a large cardboard key painted silver, and those present at the party sign their names on the back of it. Often the guests bump him 21 times.

*An old Music Hall song often sung at 21st birthday parties.

[21, p. 154]

3.2 Find in the text the English for the following phrases:

стать совершеннолетним; вечеринка по случаю достижения 21-летнего возраста; организовать вечеринку, чтобы отпраздновать событие; изображение дверного ключа; картонный ключ, раскрашенный под серебро; символ независимости; достичь взрослого возраста; толкнуть (корпусом) 21 раз.

3.3 Answer the following questions:

1)In what capacity is a key present at the twenty-first birthday party?

2)What is the most pleasant part of such a party for the hero of the festivities – the celebrating person? What is the least pleasant one?

3)Do you agree that “It is an important date in any person’s life when he or she officially comes of age”? How is it important?

4. Pair work

4.1Role play. See task 2.3 (p. 49). Twenty-one years later… Your godchild (god-daughter / god-son) has grown up and reached the legal age of maturity. You have been to the 21st birthday party. What did you do there? What did the other guests, the parents, the celebrating person do?

4.2Remember the day when you came of age. How was it special?..

Aural practice

Listen to the text Funerals [21, p. 156-157]. Which numbers are the “Do’s” and “Don’ts”:

1) have an obituary notice published;

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