Unit 3. PASSIVE VOICE

I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the predicates used in Passive Voice. Ask special questions for every sentence.

1.All lecturers are asked a lot of questions by their students. 2. He was told an interesting story.

3.She was visited by her friends. 4. I will be given a good book. 5. They will be shown a new film tomorrow. 6. Important problems were discussed at the previous conference. 7. Newbuildings are

constructed everywhere: in cities and countryside. 8. T he lectures on buildingmaterials were attended by all the students. 9. Unlike the school year the academic year is divided into two terms. 10. This road was built last year. 11. This building will be completed very soon. 12. Most houes are built of brick.

II. Put the following sentences into Active Voice.

1. The construction of the circuit was carried out in record time for such a huge project. 2. It was completed in just485 days — from concept to race. 3. Bahrain International Circuit (BIC) was completed in 2004 a nd is now used as avenue forfferentdi racing events, including Formula 1. 4. The oldest monuments which are met within architecture are the colossal pyramids of Egypt most of which were constructed about 6000 years ago. 5. Large blocks of stone were transported over

long distances by l and and water, and placed into position with the help of the most primitive equipment. 6. Bricks were used for constructing and structures were often finished with plaster over bricks on both inside and outside walls in Ancient Rome.

III. Put the following sentences into Passive Voice.

1.We ordered the parts. 2. They sent us the wrong items. 3. The supplier gave him the wrong number.

4.A truck delivered the heaviest box.5. A supervisor signed the paperwork.6. Primitive men looked for protection everywhere. 7. My friend always attends the lectures on history. 8. A concrete mixer (or cement mixer) mixes cement aggregate (such as cement or gravel) and water to formconcrete.

9.We will use solar energy for water heating. 10. My neighbours will install a radiant element in the floor.

IV. Choose the right variant of translation.

1.Много домов построили в нашем городе в прошлом году.

a)Many houses built in our city last year.

b)Many houses were built in our city last year.

c)They built many houses in our city last year.

2.Им расскажут о происшествии завтра.

a)Them will tell about the accident tomorrow.

b)They will tell about the accident tomorrow.

c)They will be told about the accident tomorrow.

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3.Она взяла флешку у своей сестры.

a)She took a flash driver from her sister.

b)She did take a flash driver from her sister.

c)She was taken a flash driver from her sister.

4.Друзьям звонят каждый день.

a)Friends call every day.

b)Friends are called every day.

c)They call their friends every day.

5.Учитель объясняет новый материал сейчас.

a)The teacher is delivering a new material now.

b)A new material is being delivered by the teacher now.

c)The teacher is being delivered a new material now.

6.Документ подпишут завтра.

a)The document will sign tomorrow.

b)The document will be signed tomorrow.

c)They will sign the document tomorrow.

7.Наш специалист исследует эти факты каждый день.

a)Our specialist is researched these facts every day.

b)These facts are researched by our specialist every day.

c)Our specialist researches these facts every day.

8.За руководителем только что послали.

a)The supervisor has just sent for.

b)The supervisor has just been sent for.

c)They have just sent for the supervisor.

9.Декан читал газету, когда студенты пришли поговорить с ним.

a)The dean was reading a newspaper when students came to talk to him.

b)A newspaper was being read by the dean when students came to talk to him.

c)The dean was being read a newspaper when students came to talk to him.

10.Эксперимент был уже закончен, когда директор спросил о результатах.

a)They had already finished the experiment when the chief asked about its results.

b)The experiment had already finished when the chief asked about its results.

c)The experiment had already been finished when the chief asked about its results.

V. Ask special questions for the following sentences.

1.The work is being done now. 2. When I came home yesterday the house in our street was being built. 3. Our professor was being listened to with great attention. 4. A new deepleveltunnel was being completed in Moscow. 5. A lot of questions are being discussed now. 6. The new engine is being tested in the laboratory. 7. A new research is being carried out successfully at our university.

8.A totally new safety system was being installed at 3 o’clock yesterday.

VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the predicates used in the Passive Voice. Ask special questions for the following sentences.

1. The experiment has been carried out successfully, and the results will soon be published. 2. He decided to get Master’s degree when his first article had been published. 3. The papers have not yet been sent. 4. The meeting-room has been changed. It's now in Room 2E. 5. These specifications will be discussed with the architect after the visit. 6. The timber had been delivered by the end of the week. 7. The Houses of Parliament were built in the 19th century. 8. Our house has been decorated recently. 9. The construction site will be visited by the students of our group tomorrow. 10. The first phase of construction was expected to last 24 months. 11.And, finally, the contractor with the most attractive offer is selected and becomes responsible for the project. 12. The radiators can be set for high or low heating and can be switched off individually.

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VII. Match 1–12 to A–L to make sentences.

VIII. Put the correct form of the verbs using the Passive.

1.English ____________ in The UK, the USA, Canada and Australia.

a)has spoken;

b)is spoken;

c)does spoken.

2.Don’t turn the computer off: new updates ____________.

a)installed;

b)are being installed;

c)being installed.

3.It ____________ to work without personal safety equipment.

a)is forbidden;

b)forbidden;

c)forbade.

4.The general contractor refused the idea which I ____________ before.

a)presented;

b)was presented;

c)had been presented.

5.A new road ____________ near my house.

a)is planning;

b)is being planned;

c)be being planned.

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6.This house ____________ by my grandfather 50 years ago.

a)built;

b)will be built;

c)was built.

7.The work should ____________.

a)was completed;

b)completed;

c)be completed.

8.This lecturer is rather strict, that’s why he ____________ by all his students.

a)is respected;

b)was respected;

c)be respected.

9.A new mall ____________ near the station.

a)is being built;

b)is building;

c)builds.

10.The appliance ____________ tomorrow.

a)is repaired;

b)will be repaired;

c)will repair.

IX. Open the brackets using the correct Passive form of the verbs.

The Great Pyramid of Giza (1)____________ (to design) a tomb for an Egyptian Pharaoh. Many people think it (2) ____________ (to construct) using slave labour, but we is have no real evidence of this. The pyramid has changed over the years. For example, it (3) originally

____________ (to cover) in casing stones, but these (4) ____________ (to remove) by later generations. The pyramid contains at least three chambers. The lowest is under the pyramid and (5) ____________

(to cut) in to the rock. It (6)____________ never ____________ (to finish). The other chambers (7)

____________ (to build) into the pyramid itself.

X. Put the sentences into Passive Voice using modal verb must/musn’t.

1. Keep wet hands away from electrical equipment and light switches. 2. Don’t disconnect anything by pulling on the cable.3. Pull out the plug.4. Unplug equipment when it isn’t in use. 5. Don't cover switches with wallpaper paste.6. Put out the“keep right” signs first, and then the 'road narrows’ signs, and lastly the “road works” signs.

XI. Choose the correct verb form.

1. Cloud computing and mobile apps (replace, are replacing, are replaced) old legacy software solutions on computers in the back office. 2The. 5G wireless technology (become, has become, will become) more accessible and widespread in the near future. 3. Cloud computing and mobile technologies also (facilitate, were facilitating, facilitated) real-time communication between all entities participating in the construction process or contract realization. 4. The photos and project status (are sending, are sent, were sent) promptly to the client. 5. BIM (is, will be, has been) the talk of the town in the AEC industry for several years. 6. BIM (is,will be, has been) the creation of three-dimensional digital representations of the physical and functional aspects of buildings and their infrastureruc early in the project. 7. Digital twins can (use, be used, be using) to create data-rich as-built drawings, improve project scheduling, monitor a project’s status throughout all phases, and simulate, predict, and guide decisions. 8. Advanced technologies (found, were found, have found) already a solution for many issues. 9. The project (was approved, has been approved, approved) after all the approvals

and discussions yesterday. 10. In 1982 Autodesk (develops and demonstrates, developed and demonstrated, has developed and demonstrated) its first version, which (improved, wasmproved,i

has been improved) constantly and successfully. 11. Nowadays, 3D printers (are applied, apply, has

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building with an area of 250 m² located in Dubai13. . It was an international project: construction materials testing (is conducted, was conducted, conduct) in China and the UK, cement mix and other materials (are developed and manufactured, are being developed and manufactured, were developed and manufactured) in the UAE and the USA. 14. It is assumed that a quarter ofall residential buildings in Dubai (will be created, are created, was created) using modern 3D printers. 15. New information technologies quickly take over the construction industry andsuccessfully (are being used, have used, have been used) already for different types of structures andpractically at any stage, from project preparation to testing and equipment diagnostics. 16Both. developers and engineers(are using, have been using, have used) long what is called financial technologies, or shortly, FinTech.

XII. Open the brackets using the verbs in the correct form.

1. She ___________ already ___________ the application (to delete). 2. O ne of the belts

___________ loose (to be). 3. The hose___________ here (to damage). 4.The roof ___________

(to leak). 5. I ___________ the roof this afternoon (to fix). 6. One of thesteps ___________ (to break). 7. I ___________ (not to think) the air conditioning____________ either (to work). 8. Excavation costs ___________ on the type ofground (to depend). 9. It seems that the packages___________

at nine this morning (to dispatch). 10. We___________ three 10 kg bags sand (to order). 11. The line

___________ with a series of pegs, say ten metres apart (to mark). For longerstancesdi more rods

___________ (can to use). 12. The authorization ___________ for payment to be made (to give).

XIII. Complete the text: open the brackets using the verbs in the correct form.

The first stable human settlements __________ (to appear) when agriculture __________ (to replace) nomadic existence. The first cities __________ (to be) centres for commerce, politics, defense and distribution of agriculture surplus. The earliest examples of planned cities in history__________ (to be) in modern-day Iraq and India. In these cities some streets__________ (to pave) and there __________

(to be) both commercial and residential streets.

The first examples of cities in the West__________ (to be) in Greece and in Italy. Many European towns __________ (to base) still onschemes that date back to the times of the Romans, who

__________ (to put) all the streets at right angles, set out in a square grid. During the Middle Ages there __________ (to be) no trace of rationalurban planning in Europe. Cities __________ (to grow) around a fortress or a fortified abbey. Most of them__________ (to be situated) on high defensible ground and their plans_________ (to follow) the irregularitiesof elevation contours. They

__________ (to offer) protection both to urban city and rural inhabitants during enemy attacks. Things ___________ (to change) again during the Renaissance. A greatnumber of important

artists ___________ (to create) beautiful buildings inmany cities which___________ (to design) accurately by architects and city planners.

In Florence, for example, radial streets ___________ (to extend) outward from a defined centre.

XIV. Use the verbs in the correct form.

1.A number of questions just (to answer).

2.Dozens of structures (to build) in Moscow now.

3.Many churches (to ruin) during the Soviet period.

4.The design (to complete) next Tuesday.

5.The text already (to translate) by Den when his friend (to come) back.

6.The oldest Russian university – the State University of St. Petersburg - (to establish) in 1724.

7.A new and long awaited book by this author (to publish) by next month.

8.The student (to ask) at the lesson, before he (to manage) to explain the situation.

9.I (to offer) an unexpectedly high position in the company.

10.These tools shouldn’t (to apply) for such cases.

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XV. Make up the required questions.

1.The State Moscow University was established in 1755. When …?

2.Your problems are being discussed right now. What ...?

3.Such problems are usually solved during the laboratory work. When …?

4.You will be met by my driver in the airport. Where ...?

5.Many letters are usually sent and received by our chief. By whom …?

6.Everything has been prepared for the conference. … (general question)?

7.Such types of buildings are constructed rapidly. How …?

XVI. Change the sentences using another voice.

1.The workers were loading the trucks with timber and plywood at noon.

2.They were preparing for the test from 5 till 11 p.m. yesterday.

3.The new sofa will have been delivered by noon.

4.Why hasn’t my car been repaired yet?

5.Hundreds of rare species are killed every day.

6.Who were these roses planted for?

7.They are repairing the clock now.

8.Scientists have described a number of phenomena in this laboratory.

9.Columbus discovered America in 1492.

10.The pyramids are being observed by the tourists now.

11.An ancient settlement has been uncovered in the severe lands of Arctic.

12.Contractors had prepared all the building materials by the deadline.

13.We will be cleaning our room for the whole day tomorrow.

XVII. Fill in the gaps with the following verbs in the appropriate form: to look, to be (×4), to call (×3), to have, to suggest, to go up, to weigh, to see, to know, to say, to put up, to reach, to name.

Big Ben

There is a big clock on the tower of Westminster Palace in London. It... Big Ben. The clock tower … 318 feet high, and it … 13, 5 tons. Visitors ... 374 steps … the top. So, Big Ben... the biggest clock bell in Britain, but the clock itself … small from the pavement below the tower.

The clock bell … Big Ben after Sir Benjamin Hall who … the job ... how the bell … . Sir Benjamin … a big man. One day he... in the Parliament, “… we … the bell St. Stephen’s ?”(St. Stephen’s

... the name of the tower). But someone ... for a joke, “Why not ... it Big Ben?”. Now the bell ... by that name all over the world.

XVIII. Translate into English.

1.Будьте осторожны: за вами следят.

2.Новые строительные материалы только что доставили на площадку.

3.Телеграмму только что отправили.

4.Статью переводили целый день вчера.

5.Стипендия будет выплачиваться только студентам, сдавшим сессию на 4 и 5.

6.Уборка была закончена к тому времени, как родители вернулись.

7.Вашу машину будут чинить с 9 до 11 утра завтра.

8.О животных в зоопарке заботятся многие специалисты.

9.Все экзамены будут сданы к февралю.

XIX. Write down an essay (speak) about engineering science: past inventions, present

projects, future perspectives. Try to use many passive sentences as possible.

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