Английский язык. Проверь себя. Итоговые тесты повышенной сложности. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию

speech in girls more than in boys. Previous research has already established that there is a strong link between levels of the female hormone estrogen and fluency of speech. The next step is to collect DNA from people to isolate the genes responsible for speech development.

IV. Genetic difference between the sexes has its roots in the different roles that early men and women had, with men as the hunters and women as mothers and home keepers. Conversational skill, and particularly the need to communicate effectively with children, often while multitasking, was much more important for women than for men in these early times. Hence, those with innate conversational ability probably fared better and passed on the genes responsible to their offspring.

V. As well as the genetic influence on language development, the way parents relate to their children is also thought to be a key factor. Young boys tend to be more action-oriented and less verbal while girls are generally more reflective and thoughtful. The language that children provoke in adults and therefore the language they are exposed to reflect these differences and consequently acts as a model for their own language development.

A36. The article mainly discusses

1)genetic differences in language development.

2)linguistic differences in genetic development.

3)specific differences in individual development.

A37. The results of the research prove that

1)boys’ early language development goes more quickly.

2)girls’ early language development goes more quickly.

3)boys and girls develop language at the same speed.

A38. The most probable reason for differences between boys and girls is that

1)speech development patterns vary.

2)conversational ability is found in girls only.

3)genetic mechanisms work differently.

A39.Different roles of early men and women can

1)serve as an example of contemporary communication patterns.

2)explain the difference in conversational ability levels.

3)reflect the inadequate level of conversational ability.

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Определите, в каком значении слово употреблено в тексте. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A40. boost (III)

1)enlarge.

2)assist.

3)help develop.

A41. fared (IV)

1)traveled.

2)managed.

3)felt.

Выберите правильный вариант перевода в соответствии с содержанием текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A42. The findings have led scientists to question what the specific influences are on early language development. (III)

1)Эти находки привели ученых к вопросу о специфических влияниях на развитие речи в раннем возрасте.

2)Эти результаты поставили перед учеными вопрос о том, что именно влияет на развитие речи в раннем возрасте.

3)Эти данные довели ученых до постановки вопроса о специфическом влиянии на ранее речевое развитие.

Прочитайте текст. Подберите заголовок к каждому абзацу в соответствии с его содержанием.

(A43)___The woman I’ve come to meet is sitting atop a large plastic cow in the grounds of her Los Angeles home. Small and blonde, she holds an umbrella aloft and gives a mischievous smile for an American magazine photographer. “Hi, there!” she says, giving me a warm, almost motherly wave from her unusual vantage point. Her real name is Nancy Cartwright. Her stage name, however, is a little more familiar: Bart Simpson, the obnoxious, skateboard-touting ten-year-old from the cartoon metropolis of Springfield. It’s hard to believe, but this forty- six-year-old mother of two, dressed in a sensible green top and blue trousers, is the yellow-hued rascal who instructed the world to eat his shorts.

(A44)___ “I can bring him out at will”, says Cartwright, with a hint of a raised eyebrow, her naturally husky voice always seemingly on the verge of breaking into a Bartism, punctuated by his cruel, gloating laughter. “Think about it, it’s kind of ideal, isn’t it? If I go to a party and

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someone brings a kid up to me I can go, ‘Hey, man, what’s happening?’ and watch the kid’s face. I love doing that”. My own gawping response is probably similar. The ten-year-old voice coming out of Cartwright is scarily incongruous. It belongs to another world — certainly not here in the lush Californian suburb of Northridge, with its white picket fences, tennis courts, swimming pools and three-car garages. Reckless skateboarding would certainly not be tolerated.

(A45)___Cartwright, however, has grown tired of deploying Bart’s voice as a means to claim traditional celebrity perks, such as a table at the famous Sky Bar. “I tried it once”, she says. “It’s embarrassing. People are like, ‘So what?’” She has had similarly disappointing encounters with unamused traffic cops and flight attendants. Now Cartwright has learnt to relish her anonymous celebrity status. “It’s probably because I have the choice to be able to do it whereas most celebrities don’t”, she concludes. “They’re kind of, you know, at the whim of the public, and that must be unnerving”.

(A46)___But there is, of course, something profoundly odd about the fact that Nancy Cartwright is at once both an A-list celebrity and a faceless nobody. So odd, in fact, that it has inspired Cartwright to produce a one-woman show based on what she calls ‘My life as a ten- year-old boy’, which she is bringing to the Edinburgh Festival. The one-woman show takes the audience through Cartwright’s real life as a ten-year-old — living in the Midwestern ‘nowheresville’ of Dayton, Ohio — when she won a school competition with a performance of Rudyard Kipling’s How the Camel Got His Hump. After that came other competitions, other trophies, and a gradual realization that her voice was perfect for cartoons. By her late teens, Cartwright was working for a radio station where she met a Hollywood studio representative who gave her the name and phone number of Daws Butler, the legendary voice of cartoon favourites Huckleberry Hound and Yogi Bear.

(A47)___At just 19, and with only that one contact, Cartwright, like so many other wannabe starlets, packed her bags and headed west, transferring her university scholarship from Ohio to the University of California. Cartwright, however, was no ordinary blonde starlet. “Most people who come to Hollywood are looking to get on camera”, she says. “My story is quite different. My purpose was to hook up with this pioneer of the voiceover industry, so that’s what I did”. He put her in touch with the directors at the Hanna-Barbera studio and helped her get the voice of Gloria in Richie Rich — the adventures of the richest boy in the world.

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(A48)___Then came the call from the producers of a 30-second cartoon spot on The Tracey Ullman Show. They wanted her to play the role of Lisa Simpson, a nerdy and morally upstanding know-all with a bratty little brother, Bart. “I went in, saw Lisa, and didn’t really see anything I could sink my teeth into”, says Cartwright. “But the audition piece for Bart was right there, and I’m like, ‘Whoa, ten years old, underachiever and proud of it!’, and I’m going, ‘Yeah, man — that’s the one I wanna do!’” She knew the audition was a success when Matt Greening, the creator of The Simpsons, started cracking up and shouting, “That’s it! That’s Bart!” It’s no surprise to learn that Bart’s catchphrase – Eat my shorts! – was originally an ad lib by Cartwright. “You know what”, she says, “I couldn’t believe I was actually getting paid for doing things I would get into trouble for doing as a kid”.

Подберите заголовки A43–A45 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)Feeling a Modest Mortal, Again.

2)Two Faces in One.

3)Bart Simpson.

4)A Striking Ability.

Подберите заголовки A46–A48 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)An Ambitious Starlet.

2)A Way to Success.

3)New Talent Revealed.

4)Her Star Role.

Часть

Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить.

PROPOSE, TITLE, SPECIAL, COMPLEMENT

If you want to work part-time and still achieve job satisfaction, then job-sharing may be your cup of tea. A new employment agency with a website (B1) … “Share a Job” could help. It (B2) … in bringing

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together people with (B3) … skills and experience, then helps them make job-share (B4) … to employers. But job-sharing also means absolute trust and responsibility.

Прочитайтетекст(В5–В6). Выпишитеподвалишнихслова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.

B5. Before the interview started Dolores felt sure confident of getting the post as she was both well-qualified and interested in taking over on the challenges that the new job would present.

B6. However the interview panel didn’t seem to care about her qualifications and skills but were less more concerned with her ability to perform administrative work duties.

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

Alison, friend of mine, is keen on dancing. In fact, she is (B7) … to become a professional dancer. On (B8) … mornings (B9) … school Alison (B10) … her practice in the living-room of her house. I wish I had such determination and character!

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

B11. If you visit the company you are planning to work for, you can (получить представление) of their activities.

B12. Why (не научиться) some useful skills like bookkeeping or shorthand?

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Test 11 HOUSE AND HOME

Часть А

К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Five months of expensive home renovation (A1) … finally … to an end for the Blacks. Their house (A2) … down as the builders (A3) … on renovating the cellar in the Blacks’ Victorian home in Notting Hill, London, a small crack appeared. Within minutes the house began to disintegrate. After raising the alarm, the pale-faced builders could only stand and watch the whole building (A4) … instantly. More than one hundred people (A5) … from a nearby home for the elderly and firefighters rescued a little girl from a house next door after the rubble (A6) … the exit. The Blacks (A7) … in rented accommodation while the renovation work (A8) … out. The family (A9) … to rebuild on the same spot once they (A10) … from insurance companies. Meanwhile the contracts manager for the builders admitted he had no idea what had made the house collapse. It was something nobody could have foreseen.

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Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

The sitting room in this typically English country house looks perfectly ordinary. Yet Mrs Martindale, (A11) … hostess, claims that quite often she has (A12) … ghostly visitor. Apparently there is a gentleman who lets himself (A13) … through locked French doors, sits down (A14) … the piano and plays a few tunes, usually Mozart or Vivaldi. He doesn’t look frightening at all. One guest mistook him (A15) … the gardener and was quite put (A16) … when the man didn’t reply to her greeting. Like all decent ghosts he ignores everybody in the room. When he has finished his piece on the piano, he gets up and walks over to the fireplace to look (A17) … the mirror and straighten his tie. But there is no reflection in the mirror! Mrs Martindale says she quite likes having him around. He plays the piano well and doesn’t interfere (A18) … (A19) … order of things. Her theory is that he used to live in this house and somehow didn’t want to leave. Probably, if all ghosts were like him people would feel more positive (A20) … them.

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

A21. Various … are to be taken into consideration when choosing a

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A22. Looking neglected on the outside the house was well kept inside … surprised us greatly.

Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

A23. My next door neighbor, who is usually shy and doesn’t say much,

1 2

is being friendly this morning and throws a big party tonight.

3 4

A24. My mother always tells us wait while she checks in the kitchen

1 2

because she never leaves unless everything has been turned off.

3 4

A25. A room with too many furniture in it looks cluttered as well as

1 2 3 being difficult to keep clean and tidy.

4

A26. Most architects prefer that a dome is used to roof buildings

Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

The residents of that beautiful valley are (A27) … only upset about some recent changes, but they are also very angry because (A28) … consulted. Some families have lived and (A29) … crops in the valley for many years, (A30) … now their way of life is being threatened by developers. There is a plan to build hundreds of new houses in the area. Motorways will cross an/a (A31) … area of natural beauty. With all these unwelcome changes the valley won’t feel (A32) … home any longer.

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Выберите ответную реплику, подходящуюпосмыслукпредложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A33. May I have a look at your lovely house?

1)Indeed.

2)Very good.

3)You are welcome.

4)I am afraid not.

Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A34. Oh no, not again.

1)Do you enjoy redecorating the rooms?

2)Give me a hand with the cleaning, okay?

3)How are you anyway?

4)Where are you going?

Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A35. Which castle is one of the out-of-London royal residences?

1)Dover Castle.

2)Westminster Palace.

3)Windsor Castle.

4)Buckingham Palace.

Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

I. In Ancient China there was a belief that the natural environment of a particular location can influence the fortune of its inhabitants and descendants. The Chinese created the notion of feng shui (“wind–water”), which developed from observation of chronic catastrophies wrought in China by winds and floods. Originally they developed it as a means of planning the perfect agricultural system in harmony with the forces of nature. Feng Shui has been used for centuries to improve the physical surroundings in which people live and to maintain balance in their life.

II. The Chinese art of Feng Shui has been adopted by modern designers as a way of creating environments which feel comfortable and harmonious. The principles of Feng Shui are beneficial in the organization of outdoor environments and can also be used in the design of areas inside the house such as the bedroom, which is considered to be the most important room in the house.

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III. Finding the best position for the bed is very important. The main rule of bed positioning is never to have the foot of the bed directly facing the door. That is what is known as the ‘death position’. Traditionally, the dead were laid out with their feet pointing towards the door to give them better access to heaven. (It also made it easier for the living to carry them out.) Ideally, you should position the bed diagonally opposite the door, with the head against the wall, not a window.

IV. Small tables on both sides (not just one side) at the head of the bed help maintain balance, but it is best to avoid cluttering the room with a lot of furniture. Let air flow easily through the space. Those large heavy wooden wardrobes, often with boxes of suitcases stored on top, are a really bad idea. As they tower over the bed, they can make the sleeper feel vulnerable and cause a restless sleep. Do not position tables or other furniture with pointed edges facing the sleeper as their negative energy will cause health problems.

V. The bedroom should be kept as a relaxing space and should not be used for work or as an office. There should be a feeling of lightness, not seriousness, in the air. Blue curtains and bedcovers are more soothing than brown ones. Soft natural materials are recommended. With Feng Shui in your bedroom, you can create a peaceful sanctuary from the stresses of contemporary living.

A36. The article mainly discusses

1)ancient beliefs of oriental people.

2)modern applications of ancient notions.

3)future developments in interior design.

A37. Feng Shui originally was

1)the art of placing furniture.

2)the art of playing harmonious music.

3)the art of planning outdoor environments.

A38. The principles of Feng Shui have been adopted as

1)a way of improving areas of human habitation.

2)a means for better orientation in space.

3)a technique for house and furniture design.

A39. Feng Shui teaches that in the bedroom one should use

1)dark colours.

2)lots of furniture.

3)natural materials.

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