Английский язык. Проверь себя. Итоговые тесты повышенной сложности. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию

Часть

Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить.

INHABIT, MAJOR, THOROUGH, FORTUNE

One of the greatest pleasures of traveling abroad is experiencing the cultural differences between your country and others. (B1) … it must be said that the vast (B2) … of holiday brochures focus on sunshine and beach. But for me it’s the local (B3) … the main attraction in any foreign country. Before you travel you must prepare (B4) … for the trip. You can do it by reading or surfing the net.

Прочитайтетекст(В5–В6). Выпишитеподвалишнихслова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.

B5. Two years ago on a trip to Egypt I had climbed the Mount Sinai with a group of tourists to watch the sunrise.

B6. My friend and I were wandered off to take photos, but when we came back our group had been gone and we were on our own.

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

When planning a (B7) … you must first decide where you are going. Next, you need to decide when you are going (B8) … and (B9) … you are going with. You may need to visit (B10) … who will help to provide for your tickets.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

B11. (Почему бы не поехать) to the capital by bus? Buses are faster than local trains.

B12. If you are that extravagant, you will (окажешьсябезденег) long before the trip ends.

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Test 13 BUSY CITY LIFE

Часть A

К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Chicago, the birthplace of the skyscraper, started to build them in 1871 after the great fire (A1) … a huge part of the city. The first skyscrapers consisted of ten to twelve stories and differed in the way they (A2) … from other buildings. Skyscrapers (A3) … walls that are thin and light and attached to a metal frame. If skyscrapers (A4) … according to conventional methods, they (A5) … ugly buildings, with thick walls and small windows. Further development of skyscrapers depended on the creation of the lift. Without the appearance of the electric lift, such structures (A6) … to develop as they did. Various other methods of moving a lift (A7) … before but they were all unsuitable for very tall buildings. Another problem was how to keep people warm in winter. Steam heating (A8) … the answer to the problem and the introduction of electrical lighting and the telephone provided the final touches to ensure that skyscrapers (A9) … firmly … . They are so much a feature of most cities’skylines today that it (A10) … hard to imagine life without them.

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Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Air pollution is a problem for many big cities around the world. The cars and trucks that choke the roads are (A11) … major cause (A12) … this problem. Unleaded fuel was introduced to improve (A13) … air quality but there are still too many vehicles on the roads, and motorists spend (A14) … 20 % of their traveling time stuck in a jam. Politicians agree that the most important thing is to encourage people to give (A15) … using cars and to find other ways of getting to work. For this reason, in February 2003 the Mayor of London introduced (A16) … controversial “congestion charge”. Since then, every motorist driving into the centre of London has had to pay a fee. (A17) … all entrances to the Zone, there are signs showing (A18) … large “C” which means that in this area you must pay. Cameras are used to photograph the number plates of cars that enter the Zone and the numbers are checked (A19) … (A20) …list of cars whose owners have paid the charge.

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

A21. Today, two hours either way … not uncommon when people commute to work in big cities.

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A22. Many citizens do not go out at night … being attacked by rob-

Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

A23. A modern city with its rush hours and traffic jams can be stressless

1 2 unless you are used to all that.

3 4

A24. Getting about in a big city can’t be a problem at times.

1 2 3 4

A25. Most people agree that global urbanization is threatening the very

1 2 existence of rural cultures, but the government seems reluctant to take

3

any serious action to control them.

4

A26. By the mid-nineteenth century, land was such expensive in large

1 2

cities that architects began to conserve space by designing skyscrapers.

3 4

Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

Do you believe in supernatural things? (A27) … people do. They are convinced that they faced (A28) … something strange at least once in their lifetime. If you want to meet a (A29) …, the Tower of London is the right place to (A30) … because it is nearly one thousand years old. As is known, some (A31) … things happened there! And they say some witnesses of those terrible events are still (A32) … its grounds!

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Выберите ответную реплику, подходящуюпосмыслукпредложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.

Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A34. Walk past the museum building and turn left. You can’t miss the sign.

1)Do they sell flowers here?

2)Is it the right way?

3)Where can I buy fruit?

4)How do I get to the subway?

Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A35. The newly-developed business and dwelling area in London is situated by the Thames River. What is it called?

1)Victorian Embankment.

2)Westminster Pier.

3)The Docklands.

4)Manhattan Project.

Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

I. My grandfather always drove the car and my grandmother sat beside him. I sat in the back seat, my eyes just below the level of the window, seeing the world through their voices.

II. My grandfather had learned to drive in the country where there had been few people or vehicles on the road. My grandmother sometimes mentioned that there were a lot of other cars on the road now and he should take a little more care. In reply to this, my grandfather liked to say, “All cars have brakes”. He would slow down to turn a corner and we would hear the sound of screeching tires behind us, followed by a loud blast of a car horn. “George, you have to signal sooner”, my grandmother would suggest. “Oh, what’s all the fuss about?” he would ask. She’d say, “That car could have hit us”. He would say, “All cars have brakes”.

III. Both of my grandparents had grown on farms in this area, but during their lifetime the area had changed a lot. They said it was strange that there were no farms now. In place of those old farms were lots of

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new houses and a big new shopping center. There were still a few old houses with gardens. My grandparents lived in one of them.

IV. The advantage of all these changes, my grandmother used to point out, was the convenience of shopping. Everything was close now, even a new supermarket. My grandfather enjoyed the advantages, but he complained about some of the problems that came, he said, from ‘too many people in too little space trying to do too much at once!’ But he really liked the new coffee house that sold fresh pastries. We seemed to end up there every Saturday.

V. It was on our return from one of our Saturday shopping trips that we had our accident. We had eaten some strawberry tarts and my grandfather was telling me how lucky I was that I didn’t have to get up early and pick strawberries on the farm as he had to. We reached our driveway and turned in. Perhaps his thoughts were back on the farm. Perhaps he didn’t expect anyone to be there. He just kept driving up our driveway and straight into the back of another car. There was a terrible crunching sound and we jolted to a stop. A woman appeared beside his window. “Are you okay?” she asked. “Of course not! What are you doing in my driveway?” he demanded. “I was hoping to persuade you to sell your house. Couldn’t you stop?” she asked. “You were in the way!” he almost shouted. “Well, all cars have brakes, you know”, she said in a very matter-of-fact way.

A36. Choose the most appropriate message of the story.

1)When driving, make sure your brakes are okay.

2)When driving, one can never be too careful.

3)When driving, pay less attention to other drivers.

A37. The narrator’s grandfather’s driving was

1)somewhat careless.

2)all too careful.

3)below all criticism.

A38. In recent decades, the English countryside

1)has hardly changed a bit.

2)has changed beyond recognition.

3)has changed according to people’s character.

A39. The network of new shops seemed

1)to bring peaceful living to an end.

2)to attract lots of new customers.

3)to annoy the majority of the locals.

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Определите, в каком значении слово употреблено в тексте. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A40. fuss (II)

1)noise;

2)nonsense;

3)confusion.

A41. convenience (IV)

1)benefit;

2)comfort;

3)accessibility.

Выберите правильный вариант перевода в соответствии с содержанием текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A42. I sat in the back seat, (…) seeing the world through their voices (I).

1)Я сидел на спинке сиденья и видел мир через их разговоры.

2)Я сидел на заднем сиденье и узнавал о том, что происходит, из их разговоров.

3)Ясиделназаднемсиденье, видямирспомощьюихразговоров.

Прочитайте текст. Подберите заголовок к каждому абзацу в соответствии с его содержанием.

(A43) ... The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century coffeehouses of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and radical politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Pablo Picasso held forth on modern art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare or James Joyce; even Einstein was inspired by commuter trains.

(A44) ... And yet, city life isn’t easy. The same London cafes that stimulated Ben Franklin also helped spread cholera; Picasso eventually bought an estate in quiet Provence. While the modern city might be a haven for playwrights, poets, and physicists, it’s also a deeply unnatural and overwhelming place.

(A45) ... Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are chastening. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it’s long been recognized that city life is exhausting – that’s why Picasso left Paris – this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. “The mind is a limited machine”, says Marc

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Berman, a psychologist at the University of Michigan and lead author of a new study that measured the cognitive deficits caused by a short urban walk. “And we’re beginning to understand the different ways that a city can exceed those limitations”.

(A46) ... One of the main forces at work is a stark lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartment overlooks a grassy courtyard. Even these fleeting glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban roil.

(A47) ... This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone: for the first time in history, the majority of people reside in cities. For a species that evolved to live in small, primate tribes on the African savannah, such a migration marks a dramatic shift. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we’re crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by taxis, traffic, and millions of strangers. In recent years, it’s become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.

(A48) ... This research is also leading some scientists to dabble in urban design, as they look for ways to make the metropolis less damaging to the brain. The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.

Подберите заголовки A43–A45 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)City Life.

2)Metropolis’ Potential.

3)Danger Hidden.

4)Everything Costs.

Подберите заголовки A46–A48 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)New City Prospects.

2)Living in the Jungle.

3)In Need of the Green.

4)Modern Prison.

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Часть

Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить.

ELECTRIC, OLD, LESS, OVERCROWD

It’s no secret that more and more young people move to urban areas leaving reduced populations of (B1) … people in villages. The young go to cities looking for jobs, power and success. However, the (B2) … lowers the standard of living. Supplies, such as water and (B3) … are often cut due to heavy demand. This also (B4) … the chances of the citizens leading a healthy life in cities.

Прочитайтетекст(В5–В6). Выпишитеподвалишнихслова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.

B5. My family and I had recently moved from London to a suburb and we are still not used to it as we miss our old neighbours and keep getting lost when we go visit to the shops.

B6. My father thought it would be a good idea to move out of the city and live in a most cleaner and less polluted area where the pace of life is much more slower.

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

Nowadays there are many good reasons for using bicycles (B7) … of cars to travel in the (B8) … centre. Bicycles are (B9) … silent and clean. Moreover, (B10) … are easy to park, too. It seems a likely idea for the future, yet city dwellers have to get used to it.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

B11. New office blocks (поднимаются) in this part of the city. B12. There was (другая) road that led to the station.

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Test 14 MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

Часть

К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Believe it or not, most of us (A1) … mobile addicts and these small devices are bosses of our lives. Take for example Robert Harris, a law student at Columbia University. According to him the day his mobile (A2) … was really terrible! Hardly (A3) … it …, when Robert (A4) … that he was totally helpless! He couldn’t use the landline in his apartment to call his friends because all their phone numbers (A5) … in his mobile. He (A6) … the habit of memorizing them or writing them down which is quite understandable. If his memory (A7) … him down Robert (A8) … several appointments by the end of that day, but he had never bothered to remember where or when, being absolutely certain that his faithful mobile (A9) … him about everything. He had to rush home to check his e-mail which he had usually done on the way somewhere. If only he (A10) … his girlfriend’s number! Luckily it surfaced in his memory and she helped him sort out the mess.

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