Английский язык. Проверь себя. Итоговые тесты повышенной сложности. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

What happens if a wife outperforms her husband professionally and earns more than him? One might say it’s nothing out of (A11) … ordinary. In the USA alone (A12) … two million women bring home more than their husbands. However sociologists point out that in most cases the married life of such couples is doomed (A13) .. failure. Money in marriage means (A14) … power, and while women have crashed through psychological barriers to the top jobs, men have been unable to cope (A15) … the position of (A16) … lower wage-earner. According to the surveyors very few couples have dealt with (A17) … situation successfully, while many simply don’t know how to behave (A18) … public or private. (A19) … E/exception is in cases where wives earn more but (A20) … a typically female job – secretary, nurse or teacher because that’s what women are supposed to be!

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

A21. According to the latest …, birth rate is slowly rising.

21

A22. Some latest statistics on demographic trends do sound … to me.

Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

A23. These days many ambitious young women would rather make

1 2 a career first then marry and have children.

3 4

A24. It’s healthier for the kids to be risen in the countryside, yet in town

1 2 3 they have many more opportunities.

4

A25. As the standard of living goes up, so has average life expectancy.

1 2 3 4

A26. In the Middle Ages unmarried women used to spin wool for a living

1 2 3 giving us a unattractive and unpopular word “spinster”.

4

Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

It’s common (A27) … that a lot of European nations are growing old. What does it (A28) …? It means that (A29) … babies are born every year and there are more (A30) … people than young ones. In countries like Germany or Belgium the (A31) … is getting worse. The arrival of immigrants from Asian and African countries seems to be one of the (A32) … to the problem. These new Europeans bring their customs and traditions as well.

22

Выберите ответную реплику, подходящуюпосмыслукпредложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A33. Children cause nothing but trouble.

Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A34. I couldn’t agree more.

1)Growing birth rate means stability.

2)Childless families are happy.

3)Children should get everything they want.

4)Parents and children never disagree.

Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A35. Which Queen ruled Britain the longest?

Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

I. Shigechiyo Izumi walked forward to greet us. He was bent almost double, with watery eyes, white beard and deeply wrinkled skin. Yet his mind is still vigorous. He could remember both his childhood more than 100 years ago and the people he met the day before. Most important, he still enjoys life which, he says, has never ceased to be a pleasure. Surprisingly, his eyesight is still functional. He also hears well although it is necessary to speak loudly and distinctly.

II. All his life Izumi has worked as a small farmer. He says that the monotonous life is good. Why has he lived so long? Clearly his zest for life has helped. But his physical fitness as a young man and his diet throughout life are probably the key. As a young man Izumi was very fit. He was a local champion in sumo wrestling. But he did not have to train specially. His fitness came through hard work on the farm and tasks such as carrying potatoes to market on his back. Such hard exercise is now known to be very effective in lowering harmful types of cholesterol in the blood.

III. As for diet, for most of his life Izumi has lived on vegetables from his farm – potatoes, sweet potatoes, beans, tomato, cucumber,

23

carrots and cabbage. Izumi ate meat only on festival days. There was, anyway, little meat to be had and his simple, largely vegetarian, diet changed little during his first 100 years.

IV. Anyway, Izumi’s age is only the spectacular peak of a trend towards longevity in Japan. The life expectancy of the Japanese has risen by eight years since 1960. It is now the highest in the world: 74 for men, 80 for women. This compares with UK figures of 71 for men and 77 for women. The Japanese now live longer on average than people in Sweden, Canada, Iceland and France, which formerly led the world in longevity. The reason for Japan’s improvement is almost certainly a low incidence of coronary heart disease.

V. Izumi himself does not like to be asked what the secret is of his longevity. He feels that he just happens to have had a long life and that there is no special reason for it. Pressed for an answer he says: “Only God knows. God will decide how long I am here”.

A36. One can conclude from the article that Shigechiyo Izumi

1)must be older than 107 years old.

2)can be about 120 years old.

3)can hardly be older than 100 years old.

A37. The secret of Shigechiyo Izumi’s longevity most probably lies in

1)the peculiarities of his environment.

2)the combination of diet and active lifestyle.

3)his religious beliefs and attitude to life.

A38. Shigechiyo Izumi’s example seems to reflect

1)the changes in Japanese eating habits.

2)the importance of monotonous life.

3)the overall growth of life expectancy in the country.

A39. A low incidence of coronary heart disease is

1)a most probable reason for longevity in Japan.

2)a probable reason for longevity in Japan.

3)a less probable reason for longevity in Japan.

Определите, в каком значении слово употреблено в тексте. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A40. zest (II)

1)interest;

2)intuition;

3)intention.

24

A41. formerly (IV)

1)fortunately;

2)previously;

3)actively.

Выберите правильный вариант перевода в соответствии с содержанием текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.

A42. Yet his mind is still vigorous (I).

1)Тем не менее, его разум еще полон силы.

2)Но его рассудок все еще абсолютно ясен.

3)Тем не менее, его ум еще не вполне силен.

Прочитайте текст. Подберите заголовок к каждому абзацу в соответствии с его содержанием.

(A43) …Strange things are happening to Europe’s populations. Due to their low birth rates, Germany, Russia and several other European countries face a sustained, outright fall in their numbers – something that has never happened before in any advanced economy.

(A44) …We are still set to emerge from the credit crunch only to find ourselves at the start of a long demographic crunch. Within a decade, as the baby boomers start to retire, the impact of an ageing population on health and social services will really start to make itself felt.

(A45) …Some countries’ ambivalence about immigration (take Great Britain, for instance), also muddies the outlook. Labour has used high net migration to help balance the demographic books. But what if the voters call a halt?

(A46) …It is also important to realise that increased longevity is only half the reason that these countries’ average age is rising. Just as significant is that there are fewer young people to reduce the average. If Europe is to have any hope of addressing its demographic problems it is going to have to get younger. No government should tell people what size of family they should aim for. But there is ample survey evidence that in nearly all European countries women want more children than they are having.

(A47) …In Britain, a liberal labour market and a general acceptance of single parenthood have helped to underpin the birth rate. But it is still below replacement level, and we could certainly do better on issues like housing, the tax burden on young families, and the cost and availability of childcare.

(A48) …Demography is an area in which more joined-up policy making could really make a difference – yet it still gets far less attention

25

than climate change. Let’s hope the next generation of Europeans will be able to change things for the better.

Подберите заголовки A43–A45 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)A Controversial Policy

2)Ageing Populations

3)One Demographic Prognosis

4)An Alarming Phenomenon

Подберите заголовки A46–A48 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.

1)All Solutions Are Welcome.

2)Family Planning.

3)In Need of The Young.

4)In Need of a Global Change.

Часть

Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить

SOCIAL, RESPOND, BEAR, STATISTICS

Demography is the (B1) … study of human populations. It is usually considered a field of (B2) …, though there are a number of independent demography departments. As a science demography embraces the study and analysis of populations’ size, structure, distribution and changes in (B3) … to (B4) … , migration, aging and death.

Прочитайтетекст(В5–В6). Выпишитеподвалишнихслова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.

B5. A census is one of the means of collecting demographic data which is usually typically conducted by a national government and attempts to enumerate every man person in a country.

B6. Censuses don’t only count people, but collect information about families, as well as about such individual characteristics as like age, sex, marital status, employment and education too.

26

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

The two boys look exactly alike. They are actually (B7) … who were adopted by different (B8) … at an early age. (B9) … of them knew about the existence of the (B10) … until they both turned twenty years of age.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

B11. (По сравнению) with some countries, the demographic situation in Belarus is not altogether hopeless.

B12. Encouraging stability in family life should be a (приоритет) for the government policies.

27

Test 04 MARRIAGE AND FAMILY

Часть

К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

My name is Rachel. I’m studying marine biology at university and when I (A1) … this summer I’d like to go abroad for a year to do some research. I (A2) … this for a long time. But now my boyfriend – he is four years older than me – (A3) … me to marry him. I love him very much but I wish I (A4) … to decide now. I’m sure that if we (A5) … he (A6) … on my giving up my career because he (A7) … to start a family. But if I ask him to wait I might lose him – and I couldn’t possibly live without him. If only he (A8) … a year or so, then I would have time to make up my mind. It’s the first time I (A9) … with such a serious choice and I am sure he is the very man I (A10) … for all my life. But I also want to accomplish something worthwhile. What should I do?

28

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

(A11) … Australian couple who agreed (A12) … a blind-date wedding in September last year didn’t live happily ever after. They met (A13) … the altar, after Leof Bunyan, 22, who described herself as the “typical, clean-living, all-action Australian girl”, entered (A14) … a competition organized by (A15) … Sydney radio station. She was selected from more than 300 hundred winning Glenn Emerton and $40.000 as (A16) … first prize. They never even saw a photograph of each other and they spoke only once when he proposed (A17) … air. However two months later they divorced. The bride said that her 24-year-old husband’s bond with his identical twin brother was one of the major problems. Mr Emerton was initially delighted (A18) … new bride. He said, “She was interrogated by my best friends, subjected (A19) … a lie detector test and various psychological profiles. How could she not be my perfect partner?” They spent their honeymoon in Paris, yet (A20) … trip failed to sparkle any romance.

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

A21. Sometimes parents tell their children off without … reason.

29

A22. It’s time … being a workaholic. It can break up your marriage.

Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

A23. Sandra stayed with John that wasn’t surprising but everyone

1 2 3 knew there were no marriage plans.

4

A24. Some marriage couples seem to have changed roles: men stay at

1 2

home and keep house while women go to work.

3 4

A25. These days many housewives would better be called homemakers

A26. Mrs White’s children are being very supportive doing everything

1

about the house while mother is at work.

Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.

Are you (A27) … or against teen marriages? On the one (A28) …, young couples mostly marry for love. So, it’s a definite advantage. Yet young spouses have to (A29) … on their parents for almost (A30) … which is surely a disadvantage and (A31) … destroy marriage. The best thing for a young family is to be (A32) … which is not always possible.

30