Car servicing and manufacturer maintenance. Автомобильный сервис и фирменное обслуживание. Учебное пособие

21 Brake fluid condition and advise if replacement needed (extra cost)

22Visual check of brake pads for wear

23Visual check of brake disks for wear

24All visible brake pipes and hoses

25Hand brake operation

26Brake callipers for leaks and security

27Condition & tyre depth

28Tyre pressure and adjust

29Road SpringsTyre

30Steering/ suspension components

31Steering rack gaiters condition

32Shock absorber condition

33Wheel bearings

34Exhaust condition and advice

35Exhaust Smoke

36Clutch Fluid level

37Transmission oil leaks

38Check drive shaft gaiters for security and report leaks

5. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1.General Checks include exhaust condition and advice.

2.When it comes to the engine, the radiant and coolant hoses are checked for leaks, the auxiliary drive belts, and fuel system and tank are also inspected.

3.The operation of brake disks, pipe, hand brake, brake capillaries is serviced along with the power steering fluid.

4.The full service brings 5 more points into the checklist when compared to the interim service, making a total of 40 pointers.

5.The full car service is recommended after every 6 months or 12,000 Miles, whichever comes first.

6.Answer the following questions.

1.How often is it recommended to put your car for service?

2.What does the actual time of car servicing depend on?

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3.When should you bring your car to service ?

4.What does the annual car service checklist include?

5.The does the basic car service checklist include?

Writing

7. Write a summary of the text using the following phrases:

1.The title of the text is…

2.The text is about… The text deals with…

3.The text covers such points as… first… second… third…

4.It should be underlined that…

5.In conclusion, I may say that…

6.To my mind… In my opinion…

WORD BUILDING

8. Form nouns adding the suffixes a)-age, b)-ment to the given verbs and adjectives and translate them.

Example:

a)to leak – течь leakage – утечка

b)to equip – оборудовать equipment – оборудование

1.to use, to cover, to store, to break, to pass, to carry, to link, to stop, to assemble, to short(en);

2.to develop, to arrange, to achieve, to move, to measure, to improve, to manage, to establish, to excite, to require.

9. Give the initial words of the following derivatives.

Example: agreement – to agree

1.regulation

2.instruction

3.communication

4.technological

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5.considerable

6.generation

7.separately

8.production

9.industrial

10.historic

11.logical

12.researcher

Speaking

10. Make the outline of the text. Speak about car servicing.

Home Assignment

Read the text and translate it.

Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry

The scientific and technological progress will continue in engineering along two main headlines. Firstly, it is automation, including the creation of “unmanned” industries. Secondly, raising the reliability and extending the service life of machines.

This certainly requires new technology. The machine modules on a large scale are well suited for “unmanned” industries.

Intense work is being carried out on new robots. What we need is not merely manipulators which can take up a workpiece and pass it on, but robots which can identify objects, their position in space, etc.

We also need machines that would trace the entire process of machining. Some have been designed and are manufactured. Modern engineering thinking has created new automated coal-digging complexes and machine systems, installations for the continuous casting of steel, machine-tools for electrophysical and electrochemical treatment of metals, unique welding equipment, automatic rotor transfer lines and machine-tool modules for flexible industries.

New technologies and equipment have been designed for most branches of engineering.

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In the shortest time possible the engineers are to start producing new generations of machines and equipment which would allow manufacturers to increase productivity several times and to find a way for the application of advanced technologies.

Large reserves in extending service life for machines can be found in the process of designing. At present, advanced methods have been evolved for designing machines proceeding from a number of criteria. Automatic design systems allow for an optimizing of the solutions in design and technology when new machines are still in the blueprint stage.

A promising reserve in increasing the life of parts is strengthening treatment. In recent years new highly efficient methods have been found.

First and foremost of them is the vacuum plasma methods for coating components with hard alloy compounds, such as nitrides and carbides of titanium, tungsten and boron. Methods have been designed for reinforcing machine parts most vulnerable to wear and tear, such as in grain harvesters, to'make them last several times longer.

Thus, it is not merely quantity engineers and scientists are after, rather it is a matter of major characteristics. In other words, this is a matter of quality, and not of the mere number of new machines, apparatuses and materials

Find the words in the text and translate them

module, robot, to identify, manipulator, electro physical, electrochemical, unique, rotor, line, productivity, to reserve, criteria, to optimize, vacuum, plasma, component, nitride, carbide, titanium, apparatus.

Find the English equivalents

срок службы, передовые методы, электрофизическая обработка, модуль станка, система проектирования, составы из твердых сплавов, методы вакуумной плазмы, упрочнение деталей машин, гибкое производство, полностью автоматизированное производство

Mark the statements as true or false

1.There are two main trends in modern machine-building: automation and raising of the reliability of machines.

2.The creation of «unmanned» industries is included into automation.

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3.Machine modules and robots are not suited for «unmanned industries».

4.Automation and raising of the reliability of machines require new technologies.

5.Advanced technologies are applied in most branches of engineering.

6.The service life of machine parts can't be increased by strengthening treatment.

7.Hard alloy compounds are employed for coating components.

8.The process of designing can also be automated. This gives the advantage of optimizing solutions in design and technology.

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SUPPLEMENTARY READING

AND EXERCISES

1. Read the text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-1 for each part (1–7) of the text. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.

Example: 0 – G

A.They can handle long journeys.

B.Ideal for running about locally.

C.EVs are a dream to drive.

D.Why go electric?

Е. Big companies add their weight too.

F.An important step forward.

G.Not such a new idea.

H.Drivers got fed up with them.

I.Cars for enthusiasts.

Electric Vehicles

(0) _______________________________

Small electric-powered vehicles, or "EVs", are called the cars of the future. Many people probably think of them as a revolutionary concept. Yet the surprising truth is that electric cars first made their appearance in the 1830s.

(1) _______________________________

Early petrol-powered cars were noisy and often broke down, while electric cars were more reliable and quieter. However, despite the fact that in 1900 an electric powered car was driven 180 miles without recharging its batteries, it was the restricted range of the majority of electric cars which caused them to lose out to their petrol-powered rivals. Drivers quickly tired of cars that they could only drive for a few miles before they had to stop to charge their batteries.

(2) _______________________________

Today the EV is starting to make a comeback. Every major car manufacturer has a prototype electric car but the great majority of EVs that are actually out on the streets are models built by small independent companies or conversions carried out by amateurs. Anyone wanting to

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convert their own car can visit a number of sites on the Internet to find out how to do this.

(3) _______________________________

A converted vehicle allows the driver to go between 25 and 50 miles on a charge. The exact range depends on the type of battery that you decide to install. Probably the best option is to use 8-volt batteries which result in a reasonably light, and therefore fairly quick vehicle, which can still go 40 miles before its batteries need recharging. This is perfectly adequate for the daily needs of the average driver. EVs are easy to drive in city traffic and when they are returned to the garage for the night, the driver simply plugs them into the mains to recharge for the following morning.

(4) _______________________________

At present, EVs are restricted to short distances. However, experimental electric powered vehicles are breaking range records all the time. Recently, a specially designed, light-bodied vehicle went an impressive 373 miles on a single charge.

The secret of its success was its nickel-metal hydride batteries which, unfortunately, are extremely expensive at present.

(5) _______________________________

Many battery types and battery chemistries are being tested. Researchers have come up with a new type "of lead-acid battery. It is being tried out in vehicles being driven on the streets of Seattle and so far the researchers have been very pleased with its performance. These batteries may be able to deliver a 50 per cent increase to a vehicle's range.

(6) _______________________________

It is believed that electric vehicles are slow and boring to drive. The reality is quite different, however. Recently, the land speed record for an EV was broken when one reached 183 miles per hour. The low centre of gravity achieved by placing the batteries down low in an electric car gives it tremendous cornering ability.

Moreover, whereas petrol engines have to build up power, an electric engine delivers power to the driver the moment it is turned on. Also motorists enjoy thesmoothness of electrically-powered vehicles, they find petrol engines rough and jerky by comparison.

(7) _______________________________

An internal combustion engine has about 6.000 moving parts. An electric engine, in contrast, has about 12, so car owners who switch over

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from conventional engines will find they have much lower maintenance bills. An electric engine in a car is expected to last about a million miles. Compare that with the average life expectancy of a petrol engine. It is also important that EVs emit no exhaust gases at all.

2.Find the words in the text that mean the same as the following definitions.

1.To pass an electric current through something so that it stores electricity.

____________________

2.The distance which a vehicle can travel without having to stop for

fuel.

____________________

3.To change something from one form, system or purpose to another.

____________________

4.To put a piece of equipment somewhere and connect it so that it is ready to be used.

____________________

5.Following that is traditional or is considered to be normal.

____________________

6.That you can trust; dependable.

____________________

7.The act of keeping something in good condition.

____________________

8.A choice you can make in a particular situation.

____________________

9.The pipes on cars or machines for gas that has done its work.

____________________

10.To keep within limits.

____________________

11.How well a car or other machine works.

____________________

12.The place where you can connect something to a supply of electricity.

____________________

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3. Match the words with their opposites in.

4. Match the words with their synonyms.

5. Choose the odd word out.

1.a) vehicle b) engine c) driver d) battery

2.a) option b) concept c) idea d) theory

3.a) manufacturer b) producer c) motorist d) company

4.a) convert b) charge c) transform d) change

5.a) conventional b) traditional c) usual d) reliable

6.a) researcher b) scientist c) expert d) amateur

7.a) interesting b) impressive c) surprising d) boring

8.a) performance b) range c) distance d) length

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9.a) amateur b) lover c) expert d) enthusiast

10.a) carry out b) perform c) increase d) do

6.What are the pros and cons of EVs? Consider the following aspects of EVs and put a plus or a minus next to each word:

– cost

– speed

– range

– weight

– reliability

– maintenance

– performance

– life expectancy

– exhaust gases

7.Make statements about advantages and disadvantages of the electric vehicles and give your own opinion. Use the following words:

– on the plus side, …..

– another point is that…..

– moreover, ……

– what is more, ……

– one disadvantage is that

– finally

– in my opinion

8.Read the text and translate it.

Different kinds of land transport

What was the reaction of the people after the invention of the steam engine?

In Washington the story is told of the Patent Office who in the early thirties of the last century suggested that the Office be closed because «everything that could possibly be invented had been invented». People experienced a similar feeling after the invention of the steam engine.

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