Business English For International Trade And Business Informatics. В 2 частях. Ч.1. Учебное пособие

Unit 2. Financing & Investment

факторов. К внешним относятся экономический кризис, политические события и стихийные бедствия. Внутренние факторы – недостаточное изучение рынка и неправильное распределение активов.

Одним из основных аспектов рисков инвесторов является неопределенность. Инвестиционные риски связаны с неопределенностью результатов – инвесторы не могут быть уверены в том, что их инвестиции принесут прибыль или сохранят свою стоимость в течение определенного периода времени.

Риски инвесторов проявляются в различных формах:

Финансовые: нестабильность курса валют, изменение процентных ставок и инфляция.

Рыночные: волатильность рынка, колебания цен на акции, облигации и другие активы.

Операционные: неполадки в управлении активами или в работе финансовых инструментов (ошибки в расчетах, технические сбои).

Кредитные: возможность дефолта заемщика или неплатежеспособность контрагента.

Ликвидационные: невозможность быстро продать активы по рыночной цене из-за отсутствия покупателей или низкой ликвидности.

Риски – неотъемлемая часть инвестирования. Важно помнить, что они не всегда могут быть полностью устранены. Однако понимание этих рисков и разработка стратегий для их управления помогают инвесторам принимать более осознанные решения и уменьшать вероятность потери капитала.

(https://jetlend.ru/academy/riski-investorov-chto-eto-takoe-i-kak-ih-snizit)

Watching

13. Watch “How to Structure the Perfect Seller Financing Deal in 2025”

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCVoSafB_g0) and answer the questions.

1.What category does it fit? (e.g., educational, entertainment, documentary, tutorial, news?)

2.What central idea or message does the video convey?

3.Is it meant to inform, persuade, entertain, or provoke action?

4.Who are the creators?

5.What should be negotiated first?

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Business English for International Trade аnd Business Informatics

6.What are the other components to be negotiated?

7.What does term mean?

8.What are the most common balloons?

9.What are special clauses? And why are they important?

10.What surprised, challenged, or inspired you?

11.What topics from this video would you explore next if any?

Writing

14. Think about your desired startup and write an investment proposal e- letter. The following template might be of help.

Template for an Investment Letter:

Subject: [Clear and specific purpose, e.g., Request for Investment in Solar Energy Project].

Dear [Mr./Ms./Mx. Last Name or "Sir/Madam"], Introduction:State the purpose of the letter clearly.

Example: "I am writing to formally request an investment of [amount] for [project/purpose], as discussed in our meeting on [date]."

Body:

•Provide context/background.

•Outline key facts, needs, or proposals (use bullet points for clarity if needed).

•Include data/figures where relevant (e.g., projected ROI, timelines).

•Address how this aligns with the recipient’s interests/goals.

Conclusion:

•Specify desired next steps (e.g., meeting, documentation, approval).

•Express willingness to provide further information.

•Thank the recipient for their time.

Closing: Sincerely.

Discussion

15. Choose one of the following issues to prepare a 5 minute speech Behavioral Biases in Investing: How Emotions Sabotage Returns.

Focus: Loss aversion, herd mentality, nudging techniques.

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Unit 2. Financing & Investment

Machine Learning for Credit Scoring: Bias and Fairness.

Focus: Alternative data, explainable AI (XAI), regulatory compliance.

AI’s Impact on Financial Markets: Algorithmic Trading & Predictive Analytics.

Focus: High-frequency trading (HFT), robo-advisors, bias risks.

• BNPL (Buy Now, Pay Later): Sustainable Model or Debt Trap?

Focus: Affirm/Klarna, default rates, regulatory crackdowns.

Use the Example Structure:

1.Introduction (Problem/Question).

2.Key Trends/Data (Charts, stats).

3.Case Study/Analysis.

4.Risks & Controversies.

5.Future Outlook.

6.Conclusion (Your thesis).

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Unit 3. Career Paths

5.What would you base on while planning a career?

6.What kinds of jobs are dead-end for you?

Vocabulary

2. Match the words and their synonyms.

unexpectedly

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Business English for International Trade аnd Business Informatics

4. Match a word in A with a word in B to make a phrase and with its translation in C.

5. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases given in the box.

Entrepreneurial, a golden opportunity, retention, become obsolete, performance, founder, measure, self-directed learning, to climb a career ladder, on- the-job training.

1.….. evaluations are crucial for understanding your strengths and weaknesses in the workplace.

2.We use several metrics to ….. employee productivity and success within the team.

3.Accepting the promotion was ….. to advance my career at the company.

4.The company's ….. had a clear vision and built a successful business from scratch.

5.Improving employee ….. is a key priority for HR, as it saves on recruitment costs.

6.Her ….. character led her to start her own online business.

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Unit 3. Career Paths

7.….. is essential for staying up-to-date with the ever-evolving tech industry.

8.New employees will have ….. to learn the specifics of their jobs.

9.If we don't adapt to new technologies, our skills could ….. quickly.

10.It's important ….. steadily and continuously to achieve long-term career

goals.

Grammar

Future Tenses

6.Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, be going to or Future Simple.

1.I'm going to research the peculiarities of career paths in marketing before I apply for any jobs.

2.She (work) her way up the corporate ladder by demonstrating strong leadership skills and consistently exceeding expectations.

3.The company (reduce) the number of management levels to make deci- sion-making more efficient.

4.I have a two-year old son. – We (offer) you some more flexible career paths then.

5.She probably (join) a company straight out of school this summer, hoping to gain practical experience.

6.I (start) as a Sales Representative and try to exceed my sales targets.

7.I think he likely (be promoted) to a Sales Manager within two years.

8.After several years of experience, she (work) as a Regional Director, overseeing several sales teams.

9.If he's successful, he eventually (become) the Vice President of Sales.

10.We think that advance in technologies (result) in employees’ continuous learning and adaptability in the future.

7. State if the underlined verbs in the correct form. Correct them where necessary.

1.She is taking a course on organizational management next semester.

2.The company is going to implement new strategies to improve its overall organizational effectiveness.

3.I am sure his internship is going to be a golden opportunity for you to gain experience.

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4.They will conduct a survey to measure job satisfaction among employees next week.

5.The HR department is working on improving employee engagement soon.

6.What time is the job interview going to start?

7.She will take specialized training to deepen her expertise in data analysis.

8.They will meet and discuss strategic planning for the next quarter at 9 a.m. tomorrow.

9.She is going to continue her formal education by pursuing a master's

degree.

10.Have you got Sticky Notes on your laptop? I am giving to download it for you then.

Reading

8. Text A. Understanding Career Paths in Modern Workplaces.

Read the text. Answer the questions

In today's dynamic job market, the concept of a career path has evolved significantly. Gone are the days when employees would join a company straight out of school and climb a predefined ladder until retirement. The modern career path is more like a winding road with multiple intersections and scenic routes. This article considers the peculiarities of career paths, exploring their importance, types, and how both employees and organizations can navigate them effectively.

A career path is essentially the sequence of jobs that make up an individual's career journey. It's the route an employee takes as they progress in their professional life, gaining new skills, experiences, and responsibilities along the way. However, it's crucial to understand that a career path isn't always a straight line upwards. It can involve lateral moves, temporary steps backwards, or even complete career changes.

Career paths can be influenced by various factors, including personal interests, market demands, technological advancements, and organizational structures. They often involve a combination of formal education, on-the-job training, mentorship, and self-directed learning.

Historically, career paths were largely linear and predictable. An employee would start at an entry-level position and gradually work their way up the corporate

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Unit 3. Career Paths

ladder. However, the modern workplace has transformed this traditional model in several ways:

•Flatter Organizational Structures: Many companies have moved away from hierarchical structures, reducing the number of management levels. This has led to more lateral career moves and the need for employees to develop a broader range of skills.

•Gig Economy: The rise of freelance and contract work has created more flexible career paths, allowing individuals to piece together their careers from various short-term engagements.

•Rapid Technological Change: As technology evolves at an unprecedented pace, new roles are constantly emerging while others become obsolete. This requires continuous learning and adaptability.

•Increased Job Mobility: It's now common for individuals to change jobs and even careers multiple times throughout their working lives.

Career paths can take many forms, depending on individual goals, industry norms, and organizational structures. Here are some common types:

Traditional Linear Path

This is the classic "climb the corporate ladder" approach. An employee starts at an entry-level position and progressively moves up to higher roles with more responsibility and authority. For example, in a sales organization, one might start as a Sales Representative, move up to Sales Manager, then Regional Director, and eventually become the Vice President of Sales.

Specialist Path

In this path, an individual deepens their expertise in a specific area rather than moving into management roles. For instance, a software developer might progress from Junior Developer to Senior Developer to Software Architect, becoming increasingly specialized in their technical skills.

Management Path

This path involves moving from individual contributor roles into positions of leadership and management. It requires developing skills in areas like team leadership, strategic planning, and organizational management.

Entrepreneurial Path

Some individuals choose to create their own career path by starting a business. This might involve leaving a traditional job to become a founder, or it could mean developing a side business that eventually becomes a full-time venture.

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Business English for International Trade аnd Business Informatics

Project-based Path

Common in industries like consulting or entertainment, this path involves moving from project to project, potentially across different organizations. Career progression is often measured by the complexity and prestige of projects rather than job titles.

Portfolio Career

This involves maintaining multiple part-time jobs or combining freelance work with part-time employment. It allows for diverse experiences and can provide a safety net in unstable job markets.

(https://www.monitask.com/en/hr-glossary/career-path)

1.How has the concept of a career path changed in recent years?

2.What factors can influence an individual's career path?

3.Why is it important for both employees and organizations to understand career paths?

4.What possibilities do flatter organizational structures offer to emp-

loyees?

5.What impact has the gig economy had on career paths?

6.Describe the "Traditional Linear Path." Give an example.

7.What is a "Specialist Path?" Provide an example of a career that might follow this path.

8.What skills are important for a "Management Path?"

9.What does an "Entrepreneurial Path" involve?

10.Explain what a "Project-based Path" is, and in which industries it is common.

11.Describe a "Portfolio Career" and its benefits.

9.Text B. Navigating Career Paths: Strategies for Success. Read the text and present a plan of navigating a successful career path. Add your comments and examples.

Successfully navigating a career path requires proactive planning and ongoing effort. Here are some strategies for employees.

Self-Assessment

Start by understanding your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values. Tools like personality assessments, skills inventories, and career counseling

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