Секреты словообразования в английской грамматике = Secrets of Word Formation in English Grammar сборник упражнений. Учебно-методическое пособие

4.Наиболее употребляемые префиксы в английском языке

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Упражнения на словообразование с помощью префиксов

Упражнение 32

Определите префикс и его значение, переведите слова на русский язык и составьте с ними предложения:

Predetermine-

Prefigure-

Coauthor-

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Conjunction

Connect-

Converge -

Undress-

Disarm-

Postwar-

Illegal-

Unkind-

Reconstruct -

Deformation-

Prewar -

Antihero-

Ex-champion-

Superhuman-

Prehuman-

Disagreement-

Упражнение 33

В каждом предложении преобразуйте выделенное слово при помощи приставок таким образом, чтобы предложение получило правильный смысл.

1.Known as Saint Nicholas in Germany, Santa Claus was usually accompanied by Black Peter, an elf, who punished obedient children.

2.Unemployment and costs have risen to acceptable levels.

3.If he has his opinions on a subject, he is movable.

4.She headed back home and left her mission accomplished.

5.She is a rather trustful person to strangers.

6.It was a mistakable step of his: he had won.

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7.It was rational to react in that manner.

8.It is legal to drive while intoxicated.

9.It was modest of them to say that.

10.He had made progress that was previously achievable.

11.It would be accurate to say that she has been dismissed.

12.He felt a growing satisfaction with himself and his position.

13.It is an alcoholic drink.

14.You were attentive at the lecture, that’s why you didn’t understand anything.

15.The Great Himalayan region is one of the few remaining isolated

and accessible areas in the world today

Упражнение 34

Образуйте слова с противоположным значением, используя приставки:

Read-

Honesty-

Difference-

Fortune-

Understanding-

Dependence-

Importance-

Security-

Expensive-

Obedience-

Population-

Alcoholic-

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Упражнение 35

Добавьте к выделенному слову приставку и вставьте в пропуск полученное слово.

1.This arrangement isn’t strictly legal. Some people would regard it as …

2.Sometimes she doesn’t behave in a responsible manner. She’s quite …

3.Such a situation is barely imaginable. It’s quite … .

4.Bob’s not very capable. He’s … of making sound decisions.

5.This fish hasn’t been cooked enough. It’s …

6.This scheme isn’t very practical. In fact, it’s quite … .

7.This dates from before the war. It’s …

Упражнение 36

Образуйте при помощи приставок новые слова, возможны несколько вариантов:

Possible, urban, cover, printed, text, mature, appointing, conscious, available, informed, accurate, believable, acceptable, legal, able, complete, married, bearable, successful, calculation, approval, measurable, expensive, modest, resistible, literate.

Упражнение 37

Преобразуйте выделенное слово в каждом предложении при помощи приставок таким образом, чтобы предложение получило правильный смысл.

1. Jane never phones his friends or goes out any more: she’s becoming really social.

2.With 600 billion people, the country faces population

3.Don’t you consider it was very responsible to leave a three-year-old alone in the house.

4. There are too many mistakes in this composition: I’m sure you’ll have to write it.

5.He added a script to his message to say that he received her check.

6.I think I have done the steaks: they’re super tough.

7.Drugs are legal in almost every country on earth.

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Упражнение 38

Используйте приставки “trans, dis, anti, counter,mis” и образуйте новые слова:

1.continental-

2.clockwise-

3.balance-

4.count-

5.reputable-

6.handle-

5. Affixes

Final miscellaneous exercises

Смешанные упражнения

Упражнение 39

Найдите и выделите суффиксы в данных словах и определите, к какой части речи эти слова относятся

British, foolish, understandable, heartless, pitiless, successful, experiment, function, musician, socialist, artist, capitalism, professional, fundamental, industrial, doubtful, useful, different, treatment, creative, attractive, peaceful, dangerous, elementary, childish, active, economic, director, worker, passage, marriage, silence, freedom, kingdom.

Упражнение 40

Переведите следующие слова, выделите в них суффиксы и префиксы:

Untrue, prehistoric, ultramodern, postwar, ex-champion, anti-body, de compose, decode, deform, depart, discover, disappearance, reread, reconstruct, coauthor, unequal, misunderstand, undress, disarm, anti-fascist, cooperation, co-existence, interaction, superhuman, ultra-violet.

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Упражнение 41

Определите, к какой части речи относятся следующие слова. Переведите их

Achievement - achieve, resistance - resistant, assistance - assist - assistant, celebration - celebrate, difference - different, city - citizen, nation - national - nationality, measure - measurement, develop - development, act - active - activity, contain - container, discover - discovery - discoverer, literature - literary, graduate - graduation - undergraduate - post-graduate, educate - education, progress - progressive, act - action - activity - active, govern - governor - government.

Упражнение 42

Образуйте от данных слов существительные с помощью суффикса -ist, - ism, -ian. Переведите на русский язык и составьте предложения

Special, social, art, capital, economy, international, piano, technic, mathematics, statistics, politics, music, electric, Russia, Hungary, Canada, Indian.

Упражнение 43

Из предложенного списка слов выберите

а) слова, которые всегда являются глаголами; б) слова, которые никогда не являются глаголами;

в) слова, которые могут выступать и в качестве глагола, и в качестве любой другой части речи (существительного, прилагательного и т.д.)

1.Dream

2.Window

3.Seem

4.Live

5.Cigarette

6.House

7.Become

8.Eat

9.Can

10.Below

11.Laugh

12.Advice

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13.Migrate

14.Passenger

15.Begin

16.Large

17.Continue

18.Trip

19.Smoke

20.Warm

21.Air

22.Dress

23.Long

24.Water

Упражнение 44

Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов -able, -ible, переведите их на русский язык:

Change, convert, prevent, break, compare, desire, profit, read, comfort, respect, expect, fashion, flex.

Упражнение 45

Выделите суффиксы в данных словах и определите, к какой части речи эти слова относятся:

British, foolish, understandable, heartless, pitiless, successful, experiment, function, musician, socialist, artist, capitalism, professional, fundamental, industrial, doubtful, useful, different, treatment, creative, attractive, peaceful, dangerous, elementary, childish, active, economic, director, worker, passage, marriage, silence, freedom, kingdom.

Упражнение 46

Образуйте глаголы с помощью суффикса -en:

Red, tight, soft, deep, short, dark, bright, weak, black, white, sweet, sharp, strong, long.

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Упражнение 47

Определите по контексту, являются ли подчеркнутые слова глаголом или нет:

1.Secretaries book appointments

2.One can fell down

3.His laughter hurt me

4.Those dormitories house the men

5.Mittens warm the hands

6.The smoke rose to the ceiling

7.The will interests the lawyer

8.His cries fell on deaf ears

9.His dreams came true

Упражнение 48

Переведите на русский язык. Выделите словообразу ющие элементы. Определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова:

React, reaction, reactor, reactivity; science, scientific, scientist; industry, industrial, industrious; cold, coldly, coldness;

dark, darkness, darken;

happy, happily, happiness, unhappy; equal, equally, unequal, equality; free, freedom, freely;

attention, attentive, attentively; sun, sunny, sunless;

care, careful, careless, carefully, carelessness; to differ, different, difference, indifferent; England, English, Englishman;

poison, poisonous,

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