- •Section 1 General
- •Material and Allowable Stress
- •Pressure Lining Part
- •I: Interval of stiffeners (cm)
- •It: Moment of inertia of stiffener (cm4)
- •V: Coefficient of kinetic viscosity of flow for water at 20°c 1.0 X io-6 (m2/s)
- •Attachment Installations
- •28 Days design standard strength of concrete (kgf/cm2)
- •Chapter 2 hydraulic gate Section 1 General 1
- •Gate Leaf, Gate. Guide and Anchorage
- •13 : Temp, rising ratio 5.6°c/h (10°f/h) c : Temp, rising ratio 8.4°c/h (15°f/h)
- •Gate Hoist
- •I: Geometrical moment of inertia (cm4) I: Distance between supports of a spindle (cm)
- •Fixed Wheel Gate
- •Radial Gate
- •Long Span Gate
- •Bottom Hinge Flap Gate
- •High Pressure Gates and Valves
- •Velocity of flow
- •Selective Water Withdrawal Equipment and Surface Water Withdrawal Equipment
- •XGatc leaf
- •Trash Rack
- •Section 1 General
- •Section 3 Fabrication and Installation
- •Test piece width/test piece thickness (w/t) Standard tensile strength of hand welding joint
- •Standard tensile strength of automatic welding joint
- •Example (1) Net width of the arrangement of tightening holes as il- lustrated in Fig. 5.6-1 is as follows:
- •Section 2 Riveted Joints
- •Table 5.8-1 Combination of Materials, of Rivets and Parent Metals
- •Section 3 High Strength Bolt Joints
- •Table 5.16-1 Correction of Offset
- •Table 5.16-4 Torque Coefficient
- •. Section 4 Bolted Connections
- •Chapter 6 safety and sanitation
- •I: Geometrical moment of inertia of wheel rail (cm4)
where k: Torque coefficient
T: Torque (moment to tighten the nut)
d: Basic size of the outside diameter of thread of bolt N: Bolt tension ' ; • ■ —
JIS Bl 186 provides the values shown in Table 5.16-4 as the torque coefficient in one production lot, and divides into two types A and B. The combination of either the nut or the washer which was surface- treated is called type A.
Table 5.16-4 Torque Coefficient
Classification
Set type by torque coefficient
A
B
Average value of torque coefficient
0.110 - 0.150
0.150 - 0.190
Standard deviation of torque coefficient
0.010 and under ...
0.013 and under
The torque coefficients in Table 5.16-4 can be adopted for field joints only on condition that the state of shipment from a factory has been kept, and thus careful attention should be paid to storage of bolts and nuts as well as maintenance of equipment.
Whether or not bolts are properly tightened should by all means be inspected. It is standardized that the checking of tightening forces should generally be made by a torque wrench and that at least 10% of the bolts for each bolt group should be checked. The above check should be made as soon as possible after the tightening of the bolts and influences of change in torques due to the rust should be avoided.
Article 17. High Strength Bolt Bearing Connection
In case a joint is formed by means of high strength bolt bearing connection, high strength interference body bolts shall be used as a rule, and careful attention shall be paid to selection of the portions to be used, the design of joints and the method of performance.
Description:
High strength bolt bearing connections consist of three types: high strength bolt bearing connections, finished high strength bolt bearing connections, and high strength interference body bolt connections. High strength bolt bearing connections and finished high strength bolt bearing connections have long been used where the consequent deformation due to the joint slip is permitted in view of the structure. Finished high strength bolts are also used to reduce slippage. In all these cases, strong compression forces act by tightening the bolts, so greater values than those of bearing forces of ordinary bolted joints or riveted connections can be expected.
Compared with the case using high strength bolts for the above- mentioned friction connections, high strength interference body bolt connections are used when it is attempted to make the slip deformations of the joints as small as possible. This method is devised to minimize the deformation due to slipping by striking a deformed bolt having an irregular surface into a hole having the same diameter as the bolt to ensure that there are no clearances. With this method, an increase of the bearing strengths by adding tightening forces can be expected.
Bearing connections are those which make effective use of the high strength of bolts themselves, and thus this type makes effective connections which are finally broken by the shearing force of bolts. It is especially useful to apply this type of connection to relatively thick plates in comparison with shearing force of bolts.
As for high strength interference body bolt connections, there have been actual applications to bridges and standards are available. It has been decided that this connection may be used where necessary in hydraulic gates or steel structures, but this connection is not popular yet, so proper attention and careful consideration should be given to its application.