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New York, Raven Press.

Bond, A.J., and Lader, M.H. (1996) Understanding drug treatment in mental health care. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons.

Broks, P., Preston, G.C., Traub, M., Poppleton, P., Ward, C, and Stahl, S.M. (1988) Modelling dementia: effects of scopolamine on memory and attention. Neuropsychologia 26, 685-700.

Carey, P.J., Alexander, B., and Liskow, B.I. (1997) Psychotropic drug handbook. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, Inc.

Carrier, S., Brock, G., Weekour, N., and Lue, T.R. (1993) Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. Urology 42, 468-81.

Cooper, J.R., Bloom, F.E., and Roth, R.H. (1996) The biochemical basis of neuropharmacology, 7th edition, New York, Oxford University Press.

Crenshaw, T.L., and Goldberg, J.P. (1996) Sexual Pharmacology. New York, W.W Norton.

Depression in primary care, volume 1, detection and diagnosis; clinical practice guideline, number 5, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, AHCPR Publication No. 93-0551, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD, April, 1993.

Depression in primary care, volume 2, treatment of major depression; clinical practice guideline, number 5, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, AHCPR Publication No. 93-0551, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD, April, 1993.

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV). (1994) Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association.

Drummond, J.M. (1997) Essential Guide to Psychiatric Drugs, 3rd edition. New York, St. Martin's Press (Paperback).

Dubovsky, S.L. (1998) Clinical Psychiatry. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, Inc.

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Duman, R.F., Heninger, C.R., and Nestler, EJ. (1997) A molecular and cellular theory of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 54, 597 — 606. Feldman, R.S., Myer, J.S., and

Quenzer, L.F. (1997) The Principles of Psychopharmacology. Sun-

derland, MA, Sinauer Associates Inc. Foa, E.B., and Wilson, R. (1991). Stop obsessing! How to overcome your obsessions and compulsions.

New York, Bantam Books.

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Clinical diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease, Second edition. London, Martin Dunitz Press.

Gelenberg, A.J., and Bassuk, E.L. (1997) The practitioner's guide to psychoactive drugs, 4th edition. New York, Plenum Medical Book Co. Gitlin, MJ. (1990) The Psychotherapist's guide to psychopharmacology. New York, The Free Press;

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Society of Great Britain.

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Sambunaris, A., Keppel Hesselink, J., Pinder, R., Panagides, J., and Stahl, S.M. (1997) Development of new antidepressants. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(Suppl. 6), 40 — 53.

Schatzburg, A.F., Cole, J.O., and Debattista, C. (1997) Manual of clinical psychopharmacology, 3rd edition. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, Inc.

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572Suggested Reading

Shader, R.I. (1994) Manual of psychiatric therapeutics. Boston, Little, Brown & Co.

Siegel, G., Agranoff, B., Albers, R.W., and Molinoff, P. (1999) Basic neurochemistry: molecular, cellular and medical aspects, 6th edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven. Sinha, S., and

Lieberburg, I. (1992) Review article. Normal metabolism of the amyloid

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of antidepressant drugs? Psychopharmacology Bulletin 30(1), 39—43.

Stahl, S.M. (1997) Mixed depression and anxiety: serotonin 1A receptors as a common pharmacological link. Journal ofClinical Psychiatry 58(Suppl. 8), 20 — 6. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Psychopharmacology of ant i depress ants, London, Dunitz Press. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Basic psychopharmacology of antidepressants (part 1): antidepressants have

seven distinct mechanisms of action. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(Suppl. 4), 5 — 14. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Basic psychopharmacology of antidepressants (part 2): estrogen as an adjunct to antidepressant treatment. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(Suppl. 4), 15 — 24. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission with the new cholinesterase inhibitors: implications for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive disorders. Hospital Practice

33(11), 131-6. Stahl, S.M. (1988) Selecting an antidepressant using mechanism of action to enhance efficacy

and avoid side effects. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(Suppl. 18), 23 — 9. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Mechanism of action of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors: serotonin

receptors and pathways mediate therapeutic effects and side effects (mechanism of action of SSRIs). Journal of Affective Disorders 12:51(3), 215-35. Stahl, S.M. (1999)

Psychopharmacology of antipsychotics, London, Dunitz Press. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Selecting an atypical antipsychotic by combining clinical experience with

guidelines from clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(Suppl 10), 31—41. Stahl, S.M., and Shayegan, D. (2000) New discoveries in the development of antipsychotics

with novel mechanisms of action: beyond the atypical antipsychotics with serotonin dopamine antagonism. In Atypical antipsychotics (MDT), Ellenbroek, B.A. and Cools, A.R. (Eds.). Boston, Birkhauser. Taylor, D. McConnell, H., McConnell, D., Abel, K., and

Kerwin, R. (1999) The Bethlem and

Maudsley NSH Trust. Prescribing Guidelines, 5th edition. London, Martin Dunitz. Vanhatalo, S., and Soinila, S. (1998) The concept of chemical neurotransmission: variations

on the theme. Annals of Medicine 30, 151—8. Walsh, B.P. (1998) Child psychopharmacology. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press,

Inc. Zolle, M., Jansson, A., Sykova, E., Agnati, L.F., and Fuxe, K. (1999) Volume transmission

in the CNS and its relevance for neuropsychopharmacology. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 30, 142-50.

Brainstorm Features 1997-2000

Stahl, S.M. (1997) Apoptosis: neuronal death by design. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58(5), 183-5. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Excitotoxicity and neuroprotection. Journal of Clinical

Psychiatry 58(6),

247-8. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Mental illness may be damaging to your brain. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

58(7):289-90. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Are two antidepressant mechanisms better than one?

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58(8), 339-41.

atypical antipsychotics. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58(9), 381 — 2. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Estrogen makes the brain a sex organ. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58(10),

421-2. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Sex therapy for psychiatrists has a new partner: reproductive hormones.

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58(11), 468-9. Stahl, S.M. (1997) Serotonin: it's possible to have too much of a good thing. Journal of

Clinical Psychiatry 58(12), 520-1. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Brain fumes: yes, we have NO brain gas. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

59(1), 6-7.

Stahl, S.M. (1998) How psychiatrists can build new therapies for impotence. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(2), 47-8. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Nitric oxide physiology and pharmacology. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

59(3), 101-2. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Brain tonics for brain sprouts: how neurotrophic factors fertilize neurons.

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(4), 149-50. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Recognition molecules are trailblazers for axon pathways. Journal of Clinical

Psychiatry 59(5), 215-6. Stahl, S.M. (1998) When neurotrophic factors get on your nerves: therapy for neurodegen-

erative disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(6), 343—4. Stahl, S.M. (1998) No so selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

59(7), 343-4. Stahl, S.M. (1998) What makes an antipsychotic atypical. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(8),

403-4. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Neuropharmacology of obesity: my receptors made me eat it. Journal of

Clinical Psychiatry 59(9), 447-8. Stahl, S.M. (1998) How to appease the appetite of psychotropic drugs. Journal of Clinical

Psychiatry 59(10), 500-1. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Getting stoned without inhaling: anandamide is the brain's natural mari-

juana. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(11), 566—7. Stahl, S.M. (1998) Using secondary binding properties to select a not so selective serotonin

reuptake inhibitor. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59(12), 642 — 3. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Peptides and psychiatry, part 1: How synthesis of neuropeptides differs

from classical neurotransmitter synthesis. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(1), 5 — 6. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Substance P and the neurokinins, part 2: Novel peptide neurotransmitters

in psychopharmacology. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(2), 77 — 78. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Peptides and psychiatry, part 3: Substance P and serendipity: novel psy-

chotropics are a possibility. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(3), 140—1. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Why settle for silver, when you can go for gold? Response vs. recovery

as the goal for antidepressant therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 69(4), 213—4. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Mergers and acquisitions among psychotropics: antidepressant takeover of

anxiety may now be complete. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(5), 282 — 3. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Antidepressants: the blue-chip psychotropic for the modern treatment of

anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(6), 356—7. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Antipsychotic polypharmacy, part 1: therapeutic option or dirty little

secret. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(7), 425 — 6. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Antipsychotic polypharmacy, part 2: Tips on use and misuse. Journal of

Clinical Psychiatry 60(8), 506-7. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Molecular neurobiology for practicing psychiatrists, part 1: overview of

gene activation by neurotransmitters. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(9), 572 — 3. Stahl, S.M. (1999) Molecular neurobiology for practicing psychiatrists, part 2: how neurotransmitters activate second messenger systems. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(10), 647 — 8.

574Suggested Reading

Stahl, S.M. (1999) Molecular neurobiology for practicing psychiatrists, part 3: how second messengers "turn on" genes by activating protein kinases and transcription factors.

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(11), 731 — 2.

Stahl, S.M. (1999) Molecular neurobiology for practicing psychiatrists, part 4: transferring the message of chemical neurotransmission from presynaptic neurotransmitter to postsynaptic gene expression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 60(12), 813—4.

Stahl, S.M. (2000) Molecular neurobiology for practicing psychiatrists, part 5: how a leucine zipper can turn on genes: immediate early genes activate late gene expression in the brain. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 61(1), 7-8.