V. The content of learning:

The postoperative period is a period from the moment of the terminal of operation to convalescence of the patient or its translation into physical inability.

In a postoperative period distinguish 3 periods:

early - from the moment of the terminal of operation up to 4-5 days after it,

late - about 6-7 days after operation up to an extract of the patient from hospital,

remote - since time of an extract from hospital before recommencing serviceability.

Distinguish normal fluxion of a postoperative period when there are serious disturbances of functions of organs and systems, and complicated when response to an operational trauma is sharply expressed and the appreciable functional disturbances educe.

Surgical operation and narcosis result in pat physiological to changes in an organism of the patient that have blanket character and are the answer to an operational trauma. The organisms mobilize system of protective factors and compensate the responses referred on elimination of consequences of an operational trauma and recommencing of a homeostasis. Under activity of operation there is no new view of a metabolism, and intensity of separate processes varies - conformity of a catabolism and an anabolism is broken.

The dressing room, as a rule, is disposed in one room, concerning the small dimensions. The area of a dressing room on 1 table should compound 22 м², and a dressing room on 2 tables - 30 м². Meanwhile, in one room, except for dressings presterilization purification and disinfection of instruments are carried out, here wash hand’s before and after dressings doctors, nurses and students. In the same room erect dry air a case for a decontamination of instruments cases for conservation of different materials, tool cases, different furniture necessary for operation and equipment. This all in the certain standard blocks up a premise and troubles support of cleanliness and the order.

Routinely dressing-room range on one corridor with chambers, but it is more convenient to equip them in the terminating compartment of the corridor which has been fenced off by a glass septum. Thus the tambour in which it is possible to put trolleys cases for some subjects of equipment is framed, in a wall niche or in a separate case to maintain agents for sweeping a dressing room.

And walls of a dressing room paint a ceiling oil colour, but it is better, if walls revet with a tile. The floor should be coated by a tile. Ventilation should be high tide - chimney with a double exchange for 1 hour. All clarifiers should be a subject to the wet sweeping. In a dressing room there should be two conchas which dispose far away from a sterile table and mark inscriptions on a wall - “ For washing hand ”, “ For instruments ”.

Dressing rooms divide on clean and purulent, that has essential value for prophylaxis of a hospital infection contamination.

Clean dressing room designed for performance of dressings of the clean postoperative wounds which have been sewn up tightly, sometimes with injection of a drainage for reflux wound contents, punctures of joints, an abdominal vacuity, a thoracal vacuity, tumours, the soft tissues and bones - punctures at which purulent contents are not expected. In many surgical units clean dressing rooms are used for small operative measures, for example a primary surgical treatment of small casual wounds excision of atheromas, вросшего a fingernail and others. In units where there is no separate endoscopic room, in a clean dressing room carry out a bronchoscopy, a gastroscopy, cystoscopy and a catheterization of ureters.

Desmurgy - (desmos) - an outset, a band, a bandage. Is self-maintained partition of the general surgery. Its main content is science of applying of bandages with the purpose of the correct treatment of damages and a lot of diseases. The bandage in wide comprehension of this word means the whole complex of agents which are used for protection of wounds or the pathological centers, from environmental influence. In narrow the word "bandage" material (bandage, an adhesive plaster and so forth) which impose on a wound for bracing a dressing material appears means. At last, term "binding" means process of applying or replacement of a medical bandage with its following bracing. Now applications of soft bandages remain one of the most spread agents of fastening of a dressing material, despite of spread use of an adhesive plaster, glue, polymeric plastic, synthetics and so forth. It is necessary to remember, that correctly imposed bandages promote prompt convalescence.