In other words, information can automatically be analyzed and compared and summarized and brought to the attention of the peo­ple who need to know about it.

В. Подберите к каждому слову или словосочетанию в колонке А соответ­ствующее по значению из колонки В.

654. take smb. to do smth. a.

655. get rid of b.

656. Vital c.

657. corporate d.

658. do alike e.

659. compile f.

660. be alike g.

661. memo h.

662. pace i.

663. respond j.

664. thrive k.

665. empower 1.

666. take advantage m.

667. subsidiary n.

В

use for one's own benefit be successful, prosper act in answer to necessary for living need, require give power to act in the same way be similar

controlled by a larger company collect (information) and arrange it in a list note for future use belonging to a corporation or group become free of move at an unhurried rate

С. Заполните пропуски синонимами.

control

Virtually

allow

feel, realize

• • •

determine

at once

excellent most important ...

similar protect

D. Составьте возможные словосочетания из глаголов в колонке А и су­ществительных из колонки В:

668. compile

669. take

670. manage / organize

В

a. information

b. understandingс decisions

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671. store / exchange / analyze d. ideas

672. make e. workers, activities

673. gain f. advantage

674. exchange g. a budget

E. Составьте возможные словосочетания прилагательных из колонки А исуществительных из колонки В.

А В

675. annual a. forms

676. Vital b. Budget

677. digital с. understanding

678. common d. communications tools

679. electronic e. step

680. paper and electronic f. system

F. Заполните пропуски, образуя составные слова, общеизвестные слово­сочетания или термины. Запомните их.

profit and ... market ...

three-week ... ... group

... forecast paper ...

expense ... ... people

Упражнение 1. А. Назовите 10—15 ключевых слов и словосочетаний на тему «Electronic communication tools».

8. Speak about:

The role and importance of electronic communications tools in a modern company organization.

Text 4

Что такое логистика? Каковы последние направления в этой области?

А. Прочитайте текст и постарайтесь догадаться о значении следующих слов: retrieve, storage, package of services, to contract, totality.

Flexible Logistics Systems

Several organisations are expanding beyond their national bor­ders as a strategy to improve competitiveness and their ability to of­fer diverse products to an expanded market. Many companies have become very proficient at supplying products throughout the world. The task requires not only the ability to recognize opportunities, but also an information system to co-ordinate the supply of goods

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and materials to places where they are needed throughout the world.

Logistics is supply, distribution and replacement of materials, goods and personnel. It is a problem for all organisations, both public and private. For instance, there were tremendous logistics challenges of moving the US military — army, navy, and air force — to carry out the military operations called «Desert Storm», prob­lems which were even more complex when other nations belonging to the United Nations assisted with the operations. Large logistical problems are faced by relief agencies which are trying to give public assistance to people during emergencies.

In a small warehouse, improvements can be obtained from better information systems, productivity improvements, inventory (инвентаризация) savings, reductions in returns (возврат, обо­рот, прибыль), space saving (10-30 per cent), and extra customer service profit. That is, for a warehouse of 80,000 sq. ft, 50 staff, and $100 million sales per annum, and inventory of $40 million, it is possible to save over $2 million per annum from improved meth­ods. The costs of such improvements can be retrieved after just three months.

The logistics aspects of the distribution chain (цепочка) in any organisation relate to the use of information to manage more effec­tively the functions of transportation, storage, warehousing, and freight forwarding (пересылка груза). The information system has to co-ordinate a distribution network which consists of transporta­tion services between suppliers to factories, factories to storage fa­cilities, ports and warehouses, storage services in the warehouses, transportation services between the warehouses and buyers and linkages between countries. As a result of implementing an efficient information system and computer network, McDonald's restau­rants are able to receive food products from various suppliers, re­package them to meet McDonald's specifications, and then deliver them to their restaurants throughout the world, and still maintain consistent (соответствующие) standards.

Some companies perform logistics services themselves, but many are contracting these services to specialists who have infor­mation systems to offer a package of services — from simple stor­age and warehousing to a total package or complete service which might include consolidation (объединение) of cargo, transporta­tion, storage and inventory management. Companies within the lo­gistics sector distinguish themselves by the totality of the services they offer. Generally, smaller firms may have less sophisticated

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information systems and may only provide services such as ware­housing and transportation. Large firms have the resources and economies of larger scale to develop more sophisticated informa­tion and computer systems. However, developing a sophisticated and centralized information and mechanized warehouse may not necessary lead to a success.

Certain larger companies choose to rely on more flexible sys­tems, which allow for learning and adaptation.

В. Подберите к словам в колонке А синонимы или близкие по значению слова из колонки В.

А