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jobs and trades;

work standardizing and payment.

Thus, the subframes labour force and installation works contribute to the terminological terms’ borrowed from other fields getting into the civil engineering term system, making it possible to form the interconnections of different areas of professional activity.

The subframe building equipment reflects the stereotypical knowledge of all the auxiliary instruments, devices and equipment that are essential components of the construction process. This subframe serves as figurative shell for all its constituent subdivision slots containing more detailed and specific information: tools, instruments; machines and devices; auxiliary equipment; fastening components.

As a result of the linguistic and cognitive analysis of civil engineering terminology by means of its frame structure representation, it is possible to draw the following conclusions:

1)The terminological units of the researched subject filed linked with each other by the semantic relations that are identified during the formation of its hierarchic frame structure or scheme. For example, a decision-making on the construction of a particular building project type (frame Building projects) depends on the chosen site, its geology (frame subsoils and soils). Besides, object’s size (frame Building projects and Building Constructions) defines its design features (frame Structural Engineering), the construction stages and the application of certain methods (frame Building Processes), the involvement of the experts with specific abilities and skills (frame Labour force).

2)The frame structure formation was carried out by means of the analysis of three types of relationships between the civil engineering concepts:

- hyperonym-hyponym relations (e.g. soil (hyperonym) - clay soil; cemented soil (hyponyms); equipment (hyperonym) – hammer; chisel (hyponyms); residential building

(hyperonym) –block of flats; bungalow (hyponyms)) – - i.e. the relationships between the generic term and the term reflecting the specific variants of the same concept. These terms form the hierarchy which is built on a consecutive subordination.

The partial relationships: (hammer (whole)- metal head; handle (part); load-bearing frame (whole) – beam (part)) – i.e. the correlation "whole - part" when one object forms the hierarchy of the next level with the names of its constituent parts (meronym).

The causative-consecutive relationships when the concepts and terms form a logicalsemantic system based on the well-established laws of profession and nature. Thus, if the conditions of the construction don’t correspond to the type of the building project under construction, the further construction has no sense.

The same terminology concept can be transmitted by different lexemes (fire-resistant = non-flammable; non-combustible; impermeable = water-resistant). This type of synonymous variation associated with the certain terminological fields, the components of which can have both identical and close meaning

Thus, the use of the cognitive approach during the linguistic modeling of English civil engineering terminology contributed to the construction of the most complete and accurate frame model of the subject field Civil Engineering. The theoretical significance of this study lies in the fact that the proposed approach to the integrated study of the civil engineering terminology can complement the established perception about the terminology modeling of the integrative disciplines. The practical significance consists in the systemic representation of the terminology of fast-growing domain. Such frame model of professional knowledge representation structured in this way favours the effective learning process of professional terminology by students and professionals, aimed at the efficient turning of the educational information into a strong meaningful knowledge. The formed model of the sphere of concepts is a hyperonym-hyponym hierarchical system. In this case the vertex frame levels (superframe, frame, subframe) are attached with a fixed set of reference concepts, and lower levels of nodes (terminological stratums, terminals, slots) contain information supplement-

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ing and clarifying the reference concepts. All selected stratums are united into the particular systems and connected by the interframe relations. There is a certain distinctive feature at the heart of each stage of the system stratification. The frame analysis of the sphere of concepts civil engineering made it possible to clarify the definitions of specific concepts, identify the actual semantic relations arising between the terms in the professional language. All of this is a prerequisite for the creation of a special bilingual dictionary of the active type.

Bibliographic list

1.Grinev S.V. Problemy normalizacii stroitel'noj terminologii (na materiale sopostavitel'nogo issledovanija kanadskogo i russkogo tezaurusov): Dis. ... kand, filol, nauk: 10.02.04/ Grinev Sergej Viktorovich; MGU. Fil. fak. – M., 1977. – 209 s.

2.Pis'michenko A.N. Osnovnye problemy genezisa, stanovlenija i razvitija anglijskoj stroitel'no-industrial'noj terminologii: Dis. ... kand, filol, nauk: 10.02.04/ Pis'michenko Anatolij Nikolaevich; Kievskij gosudarstvennyj pedagogicheskij institut inostrannyh jazykov. - Kiev, 1984. - 177 c.

3.Boldyrev H.H. Kompozicionnaja semantika kak sledstvie ocenochnoj kategorizacii mira / N.N. Boldyrev // Kompozicionnaja semantika: materialy 3-j Mezhdunar. shkolyseminara po kognitivnoj lingvistike . – Tambov, 2002. – S. 10–14.

4.Abdurahmanova A.Z. Metodika lingvisticheskogo modelirovanija predmetnoj oblasti «Stroitel'stvo» (na materiale anglijskih i russkih terminov) // Vestnik Juzhnoural'skogo gosudarstvennogo un-ta. Ser. «Lingvistika». - 2015. – T.12, №3. – S.62.

5.Minskij M. Frejmy dlja predstavlenija znanij. - M.: Jenergija, 1979. 152 s.

6.Noskova M.V. Modelirovanie i leksikograficheskoe predstavlenii terminosistemy predmetnoj oblasti finansovo-kreditnyh otnoshenij v sovremennom anglijskom jazyke: Dis.

... kand, filol, nauk: 10.02.04/ Noskova Marina Vladimirovna. – SPb., 2004. – 162 s.

7.Briginevich V.E. Anglojazychnaja terminologija al'pinizma (strukturnyj i kognitivno-diskursivnyj podhody): Avtoref. dis. … kand. filol. nauk: 10.02.04/ Briginevich

Valentina Evgen'evna. - Pjatigorsk, 2014. – 31 s.

8.Popov R.V. Russkaja sportivnaja terminologija: na materiale basketbol'noj terminosistemy: Dis. ... kand, filol, nauk: 10.02.01/ Popov Roman Vasil'evich; Pomorskij gosudarstvennyj universitet imeni M.V. Lomonosova Severodvinskij filial. – Severodvinsk, 2003. – 264 s.

9.Kandelaki T.L. Semantika i motivirovannost' terminov. – M.: Nauka, 1977. – s. 41.

10.Kratkij slovar' kognitivnyh terminov / E. S. Kubrjakova [i dr.]. M. : Izd-vo MGU, 1997. –

212 s.

11.Popova Z. D. Ocherki po kognitivnoj lingvistike /Z. D. Popova, I. A. Sternin. Voronezh: Istoki, 2001. 191 s.

12.Novodranova V. F. Kognitivnye aspekty terminologii / V. F. Novodranova // Pervaja mezhdunarodnaja shkola-seminar po kognitivnoj lingvistike. – Tambov, 1998. – S. 13–16.

13.Manerko L.M. Istochniki i osnovanija kognitivno-kommunikativnogo terminovedenija / L.A. Manerko // Leksikologija. Terminovedenie. Stilistika. – M.; Rjazan', 2003. – S.120–126.

14.Faber, P. The cognitive shift in terminology and specialized translation [Electronic re-source] / P. Faber. – 2009. – P. 107-134. – URL: http://www. lexicon.ugr.es/fbt

15.Fomina Z.E. Prolegomeny «Veseloj nauki» Fridriha Nicshe i specifika ih metaforicheskoj kategorizacii / Z.E. Fomina // Nauchnyj vestnik Voronezh. gos. arh.-stroit. un-ta. Sovremennye lingvisticheskie i metodiko-didakticheskie issledovanija. – 2013. – vyp. 3 (27). – S. 32-50.

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16.Grinev A. S. Sopostavitel'nyj analiz anglijskoj i russkoj arhitekturnoj terminologii (Na materiale tematicheskogo polja "Teorija i istorija arhitektury"): Dis. ... kand, filol, nauk: 10.02.20/ Grinev Aleksandr Sergeevich. – M., 2004. – 213s.

17.Novodranova V. F. Kriterial'nye svojstva kategorii prostranstva i ih otrazhenie v medicinskoj terminologii // Terminovedenie. – M., 1998. – S.58–59.

18.Kazarjan Sh.E. Kognitivno-jetimologicheskaja harakteristika anglijskih glagolov dvizhenija / Sh. E. Kazarjan // Nauchnyj vestnik Voronezh. gos. arh.-stroit. un-ta. Sovremennye lingvisticheskie i metodiko-didakticheskie issledovanija. – 2009. – vyp. 1 (11). – S. 50.

19.Babenko L.G. Predislovie // Konceptosfera russkogo jazyka: kljuchevye koncepty

iih reprezentacii (na materiale leksiki, frazeologii i paremiologii): prospekt slovarja. Ekaterinburg, 2010. S. 3—19.

20.Krasnyh V.V. Jetnopsihologija i lingvokul'turologija: Kurs lekcij / V. V. Krasnyh. - M.: ITDGK "Gnozis", 2002. - 284 c.

21.Gol'cova T.A. Osnovnye sredstva verbalizacii koncepta «dolg» v konceptosfere voennosluzhashhego / T.A. Gol'cova // Nauchnyj vestnik Voronezh. gos. arh.-stroit. un-ta. Sovremennye lingvisticheskie i metodiko-didakticheskie issledovanija. – 2009. –vyp. 2 (12). – S. 88.

Analyzed sources

1*. Merritt Frederick S., Ricketts Jonathan T. Building design and construction handbook, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000, 1721 p.

Dictionaries used

1**. Davies N. and Jokiniemi E. Dictionary of architecture and building construction, Ar-chitectural Press, First edition, 2008, 726 p.

2**. Webster L.F. The Wiley Dictionary of Civil Engineering and Construction, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1997, 676 p.

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UDC 81'276.6

Pyatigorsk State Linguistic University,

Applicant Student of the West-European

Languages and Cultures Chair

Zita Savarbekovna Gandaloyeva e-mail:arazduev@bk.ru

Z.S. Gandaloyeva

SOME PECULIARITIES OF DERIVATIONAL MODELS OF THE ENGLISHLANGUAGE PERFUMERY-AND-COSMETICS TERMINOLOGY SYSTEM

Nowadays it is difficult to imagine people’s lives without the products that are made in one of the most perspective fields of knowledge, that a modern man faces every day, – in the sphere of perfumery and cosmetics production. Due to the dynamic development of the field of knowledge, the corresponding terminology is developing as well. One of the interesting questions in the study of this terminology is the analysis of morphological structure and structural-derivational models of terminological units. The article points out some basic frequency and occasional morphological, morphological-syntactical and syntactical models of formation of the English-language terminological units in the sphere of perfumery and cosmetics production. Attention is paid to the part-of-speech classification of one-word terms. In the sphere of perfumery and cosmetics production the author observes the predominance of two-component terms as compared with one-, three-, four- и five-component lexical units. A similar amount of oneand three-component terms is noteworthy. Ellipsis and suffixation are frequently used in the process of oneword term formation. From the point of view of the part of speech classi-fication one-word noun terms prevail in the sphere of perfumery and cosmetics production. Syntactical term derivation is the predominant way of term formation in the sphere in question; there are mainly different combinations of nouns, nouns and adjectives, including prepositions.

Key word: term, terminology, terminological system, perfumery production, word formation, morphology, cosmetic production, modelling.

Perfume and cosmetic industry represents one of the promising areas of scientific knowledge, which a person encounters every day. It is hard to overestimate these products’ significance for the modern society. J. Craik emphasizes that decorating one’s body both by cosmetics and perfumes is a powerful tool of socialization, on the one hand, and of constructing personal identity, on the other. In this context, it is not surprising that the use of perfumes and cosmetic products is an integral component of “body semiotics”, which is, according to the researchers, determined by history and culture [see in this connection: 1, p. 153] and has explicit specificity depending on gender. This last aspect, however, is rapidly loosing its relevance in the modern Western society [2, p. 162ff]. D. Road notes that the global annual revenue of beauty care industry today amounts to 115 billion dollars, which are distributed approximately as follows: «An estimated $ 38 billion for hair, $ 24 billion for skin care, $ 20 billion for cosmetic surgery, $ 18 billion for cosmetics, and $ 15 billion for perfume» [3, p. 32]. Thus, having appeared as early as in medieval India the art of creating exclusive cosmetic products and fragrances for the upper classes representatives [4, p. 615] has become today a socially significant industry which targets the mass market and provides a great wealth of choice for the consumer.

______________________

© Gandaloyeva Z.S., 2016

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The analysis of the terms used in cosmetics and perfume industry from the point of their structure and word-formation patterns, has shown, firstly, that in general they can be divided into two groups: one-component and multi-component terms depending on the number of their terminological elements. Multi-component terms are usually represented by word combinations having from one to five components. These components which we call terminological elements can be represented in their turn either by words or parts of abbreviated terminological units. Among the terms selected for this study were found lexical units consisting of five or less elements. The latter, in our opinion, are fairly unwieldy and are inconvenient to use when referring to a single concept. As has been repeatedly pointed out [see 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12] that one of the main characteristics of a term is its brevity. However it should be noted that in this case brevity means the optimal length of the terminological units, and this characteristic tends to be different in spoken language and in written text.

This research draws on 1,000 English perfume and cosmetics industry terms found in different sources, including articles in journals, electronic databases, dictionaries, industry web portals, etc.

We will first analyze one-component terms of perfume and cosmetics industry (198 terminological units), as well as their characteristic word-formation patterns. The frequency criterion enables us to highlight a distinct morphological principle of terms’ formation, which includes, in particular, affixation (terms’ formation by prefixation, suffixation or both).

Examples of terms formed purely by prefixation are very few in our sample (4 terminological units):

macro-: macromusk; over-: overlacquer; re-: refill;

ultra-: ultraviolet.

As for suffixation it is the most productive type of morphological derivation in the perfume and cosmetics terminology. Among the suffixes that are used to form the terms of this domain, the most frequently occurring are suffixes of agent / tools -er / -or. In our sample this group includes 17 terminological units (1.7% of the total):

-er (16 units) - analyser, atomizer, brightener, bronzer, cleanser, concealer, conditioner, liner, luminizer, moisturizer/moisturiser, perfumer, primer, stabilizer, tester, toner, etc.;

-or (1 unit) - applicator.

The second high-frequency suffix is -ing (at least 9 terms in our sample) (see [13]):

-ing (9 units) - extracting, peeling, parcelling, packing, packaging, yellowing, wringing, spraying; etc.

The analysis of one-component terms revealed that other derivational and inflectional suffixes are used less frequently to form terms (from 1 to 5 terminological units in our sample):

- -(i/a)tion (5 units) - composition, condensation, distillation, foundation, maceration; -ion (5 units) – complexion, diffusion, dispersion, expression, infusion;

-ic (4 units) – aldehydic, aromatic, balsamic, camphoric; -ed (2 units) – distilled, packaged;

-eous (2 units) – camphoraceous, aqueous (-eous suffix is typical only for the terminology of this specific sphere);

-ate (1 unit) – distillate; -ry (1 unit) – perfumery;

-age (1 unit) – package; -oid (1 unit) – resinoid;

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-ize (1 unit) – synthesize etc.

The next word-formation pattern characteristic for one-component English terms of perfume and cosmetics industry is the addition of both a prefix and a suffix (4 terms). This model is not very productive in the terminology of this domain:

anti- + -ant (1 unit) – antioxidant; e- + ation (1 unit) – evaporation; ex- + -or (1 unit) – exfoliator;

il- + -or (1 unit) – illuminator;

ultra- + ation (1 unit) – ultrasonication.

Along with the above-mentioned patterns of English terms’ formation conversion – that is transition of words from one part of speech to another – should be specifically noted. Here are several examples from the perfume and cosmetics industry terminology (4 terminological units):

V -> N (4 units): (to) blend – blend, (to) blush – blush, (to) extract – extract, (to) refill

– refill;

N -> V (2 units): cream – (to) cream; label – (to) label; N -> Adj. (2 units): citrus – citrus; lemon – lemon.

It should be pointed that when referring to nuances of natural aromas (fruit, berries, trees, plants), notes (less frequently – accords) the terminological element note/accord is omitted when the terms’ meaning is clear. Thus, some of the English terms of perfume and cosmetics industry can be formed by ellipsis, that is reduction of some (stem) terminological elements (there are 300 terms (about 30% of the sample of 1000 units) that can be reduced by ellipsis). Ellipsis is an omission of the implied linguistic unit in speech or text, the structural "incompleteness" of some syntactic construction. For example: acacia (note), apricot

(note), aloe (note), cedar (note), raspberry (note), chypre (accord ), fougere (accord), etc. Summarized results of the study of main word-formation patterns in the group of one-

component terms of perfume and cosmetics industry are shown in the chart (See Chart №1).

Chart №1.

Word-formation patterns of one-component terms of perfume and cosmetics industry

As can be seen from the chart, one-component terms of the perfume and cosmetics industry are mainly formed by ellipsis (82.2%) and suffixation (13.4%). Other ways of form-

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ing one-component terms such as prefixation (1.1%), both prefixation and suffixation (1.1%) or conversion (2.2%) are much less frequent.

When discussing modern English one-component terms of perfume and cosmetics industry, we can not ignore the question of the part-of-speech classification of the terminological units. In terms of frequency among the parts of speech to which belong one-component (198 units) and one-word (formed by compounding) (42 units) English terms of the analyzed sphere, nouns prevail (220 units): enfleurage, blotter, flanker, ambergrease, perfumery, cosmetics, accord, aldehyde, ambergris (amber), antioxidant, atomizer, balm, balsam, chypre, civet, liner, distillate, extract, camphor, eye-liner, moisturiser, a highlighter, coumarin, luminizer, etc. As for adjectives, this word class is represented by 11 terms: aqueous, balsamic, camphoraceous, citrus, aromatic, aldehydic, etc, while 7 terms are verbs: to blend, to distill, to cream, to label and 2 terms are participles (Participle II). packaged, distilled, etc. (see Chart №2).

Chart №2.

Part-of-speech classification of English terminological units of the perfume and cosmetics industry

Part-of-speech classification of English terminological units

of the perfume and cosmetics industry

Nouns

Adjectives

Verbs

Particles

This diagram clearly shows the classification of perfume and cosmetics industry terms according to the part of speech they belong to. It is obvious that nouns are several times more numerous (91.7% of the sample) than adjectives (4.6%), verbs (2.9%) and participles (Participle I) (0,8%) put together.

Nouns are abundant in almost every area of the perfume and cosmetics industry sphere: the quantitative analyses of the sample show that they represent 11 times more terms than all the other parts of speech together. Adjectives are as well related to different sectors of perfume and cosmetics industry. Logically most verbs are used to describe the process of perfume and cosmetics production or are directly related to the use of cosmetics or perfumes.

In the next part of the study we will consider the most frequently used and occasional word-formations patterns in perfume and cosmetics industry terminology. A very significant number of terms of this sphere are multi-component English terms (802 units, or 80.2% of the sample of 1000 units), for example,

two-component terms (541 units):

abrasive cream, camphor spirit, babassu oil, base note, cacao note, cosmetic clay, daily shampoo, earthy odour, essential oil, face lifting, fruity note, grapefruit note,

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heart note, herbal note, lavender oil, middle note, orange blossom, perfume oil, sour note, sweet note, etc.;

three-component terms (196 units):

alcoholic perfume solution, attar of roses, cake eyeliner, concentrated fragrance mixture, depth of fragrance, easily absorbed cream, face line corrector, fragrant essential oil, sweet spice note, tenacity of fragrance, etc.;

four-component terms (36 units):

daily detox face wash, cyperus scariosus perfume ingredient, face and throat oil, hair and body wash, alcohol based perfume solution, water based perfume solution, vacuum emulsification method, peanut butter-scented, litsea cubeba fruit oil, fresh-cut flowers note, juniper berry essential oil, night blooming cereus fragrance, rose hip blossom scent, etc.;

five-component terms (9 units):

cleansing wipes for makeup removal, lip brush for even coverage, mirabelle-plum tree fragrance note, moroccan chamomile organic essential oil, etc.

The grammatical form of a term often contributes to rendering clearly its exact meaning. It concerns suffixes (which represent auxiliary domain of the terminology semantics), as is the case of the terms such

as lavender-scented perfume,

hibiscus-scented perfume,

animal-derived ingredient,

fig-based fragrance,

alcoholic perfume solution,

abrasive constituent,

powdery note, etc.,

or prepositions, for example, the following terms:

yield of oil,

yield of concrete,

yield of absolute,

trail of scent,

tenacity of fragrance,

bottle of perfume,

attar of roses, etc.

Due to its specific grammatical structure, the semantic content of the term is not distorted. It helps to avoid any semantic inaccuracies in the process of verbalization of special concepts from the sphere of perfume and cosmetics industry.

Terms represented by word combinations are formed by adding concretizing signs. The latter represent classifying terminological elements added to the main (stem) terminological element in order to designate a narrower concept, which, at the same time, is directly related to the source one. In this case we define the stem terminological element as the part of the term which bears the most significant elements of the meaning and which assures the association of semantic components. Classifying terminological element can be defined as a terminological element which conveys additional information on differential characteristics, revealing the specific features of the referent when compared to other related concepts [14,

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p. 13; see also: 15; 16; 17 and others]. This type of terms designates highly specialized concepts by specifying their characteristic trait. For instance, 40 terminological units of the perfume and cosmetics industry are formed on the basis of the stem terminological element oil. They specify the types of perfume and cosmetic oils: olive essential oil, geranium essential oil, flax essential oil, valerian root oil, fragrant essential oil, coconut oil, babassu nut oil, jasmine essential oil, sage perfume oil, laurel leaf oil, cajeput oil, cuticle oil, lavender oil, perfume oil, essential oil, volatile oil, body oil, ethereal oil, citrus oil, ether oil, etc. In most cases, the classifying terminological element of the above-cited terminological units specifies the raw material from which this oil is extracted (e.g., citrus), or the place where it should be applied to achieve the desired effect (body, cuticle).

Apart from terms represented by word-combinations the class of multi-component terms includes terminological units, formed by compounding. This word formation pattern can be defined as both morphological and syntactic [18]. In the terminology of perfume and cosmetics industry the following terms (in some cases – isolated terminological elements of multi-component terms) can be attributed to this word formation pattern (36 units or 3.6% of the terminological sample):

ambergrease, ambergris, sandalwood, after-shave, oakmoss, aromachology, sunscreen, hairspray, facecloth, cover-up, xerogel, make-up, lipstick, eye-shadow, aromatherapy, and others.

It is necessary to point out that some of the above-stated terms are derivational compounds, i.e. they are complex terminological units formed both by compounding and affixation by prefixes and suffixes, for ex.: self-tanner, eye-liner, highlighter, etc.

In addition, the analyzed sample of terms contains 3 terms formed by blending: ethanol (ethane + alcohol ), unisex (universal + sex), safflower (saffron + flower ).

Abbreviation is another type of both morphological and syntactic word formation patterns see (in particular [8, p. 125-147]). This model is represented by at least 12 terms:

P/S (Purse Spray),

CA (Compressed Air),

C/S (Cologne Spray),

B/P (Body Powder),

B/L (body lotion),

B/G (Bath gel),

B/C (body cream),

A/S (after-shave),

PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid),

o-w (oil-water), etc.

Moreover in the framework of the cosmetics terminology study the term T zone has been singled out as the only example of the term which classifying terminological element is represented by a word-symbol.

Further we will consider the syntactic patterns of terms’ formation [18, p. 125-147], which are used to form multi-component terms exclusively. One multi-component term may contain terminological elements which are represented by totally different parts of speech – nouns, adjectives, verbs, participles (Participle I, Participle II), prepositions, etc. The results of our study showed that different combinations of nouns, adjectives and nouns, both with and without prepositions, are the most frequently used, for example:

N + N;

Adj + N;

N + N + N;

Adj + N + N;

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N + Adj + N.;

N + Prep. + N, etc.

Among the syntactic word formation patterns which result in two-component terms the following are the most frequently occurring:

N + N (354 units):

citrus note, kumquat note, perfume extraction, apricot note, vacuum filler, valerian extract, yarrow oil, yeast shampoo, almond blossom, raspberry fragrance, strawberry perfume, face lift, face moisturizer, fragrance wheel, baby cosmetics, rose petals, cake mascara, bath gel (shower gel), body lotion (body lotion), gardenia absolute, orange blossom, hair mist, lip pencil, nail lacquer, body milk, etc.

Adj + N (96 units):

mossy scent, oriental fragrance, powdery note, quantitative formula, middle note, herbal note, radiant look, rancid odour, rich note, strong aroma, selective perfumery, abrasive capacity, daily cleaner, earthy scent, total anosmia, etc.

In terms of frequency combinations of gerund (Participle I) and a noun and participles (Participle II) and a noun take the third place. These two groups include almost equal number of terms (14 and 12 units, respectively):

Ving + N (14 units):

shaving cream, curling mascara, volumising mascara, refreshing fragrance, ultrafixing spray, packaging machine, blooming plant, etc.

Ved + N (12 units):

labeled can, keratinized cells, tinted moisturizer, pressed powder, concentrated perfume, etc.

15 more examples of two-component terms from our sample are unevenly distributed among the following low-frequency (occasional) models:

Adj + Ving (4 units):

rapid freezing, daily shampooing, ultrasonic mixing, tacky feeling;

N + Ving (4 units):

face colouring, face lifting, sachet filling, vacuum filling;

NN + N (3 units):

grapefruit blossom, wallflower note, sunflower note;

Num. + N (1 unit): quaternary polymer.

It should be pointed out that the following combinations are not widely used: adjective + gerund (Participle I), noun + gerund (Participle I), numeral + noun, etc.

The following part of our study is devoted to the three-component terms (196 units). In our sample the most frequent word-formation patterns used to create three-component terminological units are: noun + noun + noun (55 terminological units), adjective + noun + noun (21 term), noun + preposition + noun (14 terms), noun + adjective + noun (10 terms) and others.

Generally due to the abundance of terms and terminological elements represented by nouns, the most common are the three-component models based on different combinations of nouns, with or without prepositions:

N + N + N (55 units):

valerian root oil, star apple note, quince perfume oil, melon note perfume, forest fruits perfume, star fruit note, zinc oxide pigment, face line corrector, cacao butter cream, kiwi fruit extract, kudzu fragrance oil, nail care cream, etc.;

NN + N (23 units):

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