4713

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10.“I’m not living an ordinary life because I’m working in show business” – If I

………………………………………………………………………………………

32. Put in the right conditionals.

The Secret of a Long Life

Grygori Pilikian recently celebrated his 114th birthday and reporters visited him in his mountain village in Georgia to find out the secret of a long life. The secret of a ling life, Grigori said, is happiness. If you (be)1 happy, you will live along time. “Are you married,” a reporter asked. “Yes,” Grigori replied. “I married my third wife when I was 102. If you are happily married, you (live)2 forever. But for my third wife I (die)3 years ago.” “What about smoking and drinking?” a reporter asked. “Yes, they are important,” Grigori said. “Don’t smoke at all and you (feel)4 well. Drink two glasses of wine a day and you (be)5 healthy and happy.” “If you (can/live)6 your life again, what you (do)7?” a reporter asked. “I (do) what I have done. If I (have)8 more sense, I (eat)9 more yoghurt,” he chuckled. “Supposing you (can/change)10 one thing in your life, what you (change)11?” “Not much,” Grigori replied. “So you don’t have any regrets?” another reporter asked. “Yes, I have one regret,” Grigori replied. “If I

(know)12 I was going to live so long, I (look after)13 myself better!”

33. Translate into English.

1) Если бы вы были вчера на стадионе, вы бы увидели лучших спортсменов. 2) Если ночи будут тёплые, мы будем спать на открытом воздухе. 3) Ты бы получил большое удовольствие, если бы принял участие в нашей экскурсии. 4) Если бы я был на твоём месте, я бы поторопился. Если ты не поторопишься, ты опоздаешь на поезд. 5) Если бы его сразу отправили в больницу, он бы не потерял так много крови. 6) На твоём месте я бы купил себе магнитофон. 7) Если бы вы напомнили мне об этом вчера, я бы сегодня принёс вам эти книги. 8) Если бы у меня сейчас был отпуск, я бы совершила путешествие по Кавказу. 9) Вы бы могли съездить за город на пару дней, если бы вовремя закончили работу. Все зависит от вас. 10) Если бы у тебя был телефон, я бы предупредил тебя заранее. 11) Если завтра не будет дождя, то мы пойдём в ботанический сад. 12) На вашем месте я бы извинилась перед ней. 13) Если фильм тебе понравится, я тоже схожу посмотреть его. 14) Почему ты не обратилась ко мне? Я бы присмотрела за твоими детьми, если бы ты меня попросила.. 15) Я бы не опоздал на поезд, если бы упаковал вещи вечером. 16) Будь он повнимательнее, он бы написал диктант

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лучше. 17) Вы бы лучше говорили по-английски, если бы регулярно занимались в лингафонном кабинете. 18) Если кофе не совсем сладкий, добавьте сахару. 19) Если бы они так много не тренировались, они бы не выиграли. 20) Я бы охотно показала вам город, если бы не была сейчас так занята. 21) Я подожду его, если его не будет дома, когда я приду. 22) Я буду очень огорчён, если они не придут. 23) Если я буду там и увижу его, я скажу ему об этом. 24) Если мне не станет лучше, я пойду завтра к врачу. 25) Если бы он был честным человеком, он бы не сделал этого. 26) На твоём месте я бы уговорил её поехать на юг. Это принесло бы ей большую пользу. 27) Если бы я знал его адрес, я бы немедленно написал ему. 28) Если бы он не был способным, он бы не справился с этой работой. 29) Если бы документы были подписаны, мы бы отослали их сегодня же. 30) Если у меня неприятности, я всегда делюсь с сестрой. 31) Если бы ты пришёл ко мне на прошлой неделе, ты бы мог повидать моего брата. Он приезжал в Минск в командировку. 32) На вашем месте, я бы послала ему телеграмму. 33) Куда бы ты поехал, если бы был сейчас свободен? 34) Я бы навестил родителей в деревне, если бы не был сейчас так занят. 35) Если ты поторопишься, то ты успеешь на семичасовой поезд. 36) На моём месте вы бы сделали то же самое. 37) Если бы я знала, что приедут мои родители, я бы испекла пирог. 38) Что бы ты делал, если бы потерял деньги в незнакомом городе?

WISHES AND UNREAL PAST

We use the verb wish and the expression if only to express a wish. If only is more emphatic than wish.

Wish / if only + Past Simple/Past Continuous: when we want to say that we would like something to be different in the present, e.g. I wish/if only I had a room of my own. (But I don’t have it)

Wish / if only + Past Perfect: to express regret that something happened or didn’t happen in the past, e.g. I wish I had got your message earlier. (I didn’t get it then)

Wish / if only + would: a) for a polite imperative, e.g. I wish you would stop shouting. (= Please, stop it.); b) to express our wish for a change in a situation or someone’s behavior because they are annoyed by it, e.g. I wish the wind would stop blowing. (wish for a change in situation); If only John would stop insulting people. (wish for a change in someone’s behaviour)

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 After the subject pronouns I and we, we use could instead of would, e.g. I wish we could go to the party (not I wish we would….!)

Note: we can use were instead of was after wish and if only, e.g. I wish she was/were more sensitive. Were is more formal while was is often used in spoken English. EXERCISES

1.Wendy has just started university. It isn’t what she expected, and she is disappointed. Read what she says and make sentences using wish or if only. Think of other regrets she can have.

e.g. I wish/if only my room weren’t / wasn’t so small.

1.I have to share the bathroom.

2.The kitchen is such a mess.

3.My tutors are strict.

4.The classes are so hard to understand.

5.The people are not friendly.

6.I can’t visit my friends and family because they are so far away.

7.I don’t have any friends.

2.Jason has been for an interview. He didn’t get the job. Read what he says and

make sentences, as in the example. Suggest some more regrets he might have. e.g. I wish I hadn’t been late for the interview.

1.I didn’t know much about the company.

2.I was nervous.

3.I didn’t shake hands with my interviewer.

4.I forgot what I wanted to say.

5.I didn’t answer the interviewer’s questions properly.

6.My letter of application was badly typed.

7.I split the cup of tea I was given.

3.Elise is a famous singer. These are some of the things she finds annoying. Read

what she says and make sentences, as in the example. Think of other wishes she can have. e.g. I wish people wouldn’t stare at me everywhere I go.

1.People always ask me to sing at parties.

2.Magazines print false stories about my private life.

3.Photographers take photos of me all the time.

4.People make me sign autographs wherever I go.

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5.People never give me any privacy.

4.Express regrets about the following (starting with if or wish) and add four

more regrets of your own.

1. My students are not always in time for class. 2. I didn't work hard when I was at school. 3. Our climate is so changeable! 4. Nelly is sorry that she didn't save enough money when she was still working. 5. What a pity we have ever met! 6. I didn't stay at home late at night and got involved into an accident. 7. My neighbours are very noisy people. 8. Helen didn't buy the dress and is very sorry about it. 9. My director is too bossy and demanding. 10. Victor can't get on well with his relatives. 11. My father couldn't fix our new VCR yesterday. 12. I still don't know who you really are.

5. Express an unreal wish according to the model.

Model: I have too much work. — I wish I didn't have so much work. Amanda didn't study Spanish. — Amanda wishes she had studied Spanish.

1. It isn't Sunday today. 2. Brendon has to study so hard! 3. Lucy has too many friends. 4. I don't have a computer. 5. My cousin can't find a good job. 6. They live far from the station. 7. She doesn't know Ted's address. 8. Billy leaves for work too early. 9. The child didn't tell us the truth. 10. Helen didn't finish high school. 11. I didn't call my parents yesterday. 12. We spent all our money at the sale. 13. My neighbour bought a used car. 14. Paul went to bed too late last night. 15. The weather was miserable last week.

6. Use the right forms of the verbs in brackets.

1. I have never seen your kids. I wish you (have) a picture of them with you. 2. The police wish they (be) better equipped to work more efficiently. 3. They wished their daughter (be) more careful in choosing friends. 4. Susan wishes she (go) to college instead of leaving school and getting a job. 5. I wish we (buy) a house of our own long ago and not (live) with our grandparents all these years. 6. Melanie wished she not (say) she was going to the party. 7. He wished his mother still (live) nearby. 8. The Dixons wish their son not (marry) that punk girl. 9. We wish you (can wait) to see him. 10. I wish I (be) nicer to my parents when I was a teenager. 11. Ted wishes he (follow) his tutor's advice. 12. How I wish I (can play) some musical instrument! 13. I wish people (be) more honest. 14. People

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wish the government (do) something about unemployment. 15. I wish I (start) learning English much earlier.

7. Paraphrase the following so as to use the verb wish.

1. What a pity that I have grown up and that I am not a child any longer! 2. The patient is sorry that he lost control of himself and spoke to the doctor rudely. 3. What a shame that you can't believe us! 4. Mike's parents regret not having listened to what their son wanted to do in life. 5. My brother is a born worrier, I'm sorry to say. 6. I am awfully sorry I disturbed you in the middle of the night, but the matter was urgent. 7. It's a pity she couldn't find accommodation in the city. 8. What a spendthrift you are! But today you really spent too much! 9. It's so annoying but we have to go. 10. We're upset that our plan failed. 11. Marina was sorry that she hadn't invited her classmates to her party. 12. What a shame! I forgot to call Robert again. 13. The whole family was disappointed that they couldn't buy the house. 14. I must say she's an extremely tough woman. 15. Unfortunately, you will not receive the job you've applied for.

8.Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1.I wish I …could play… (play) a musical instrument. – You should take lessons.

2.If only the wind …………. (stop) blowing so hard. – Yes, it’s windy today, isn’t it?

3.I wish John ………… (come) with us. – So do I. he would have enjoyed it.

4.Paul, I wish you ……………. (stop) making so much noise. – Sorry, I’ll try.

5.I wish I ……………. (study) more when I was at school. – It doesn’t matter now. You’ve got a good job.

6.I wish I …………. (be) young again. – So do I. we had some good times back then.

7.I wish I …………… (not/speak) to Jane like that. – Don’t worry. I’m sure she’ll forgive you.

8.If only Bob ………….. (call) me. – Well, he promised to call today.

9.I’m exhausted. I wish I ………….. (do) some of the housework yesterday. –

Sorry I wasn’t here to help you.

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10.I wish you …………. (make) less noise when you come in. – It’s not my fault.

The door squeaks when you open it.

11.Are you going to the school reunion party next week? – No. I wish I

……………. (go) because I would like to see everyone again.

9. Rewrite the letter using wishes or if-clauses as in the example:

Dear Christine,

I just had to drop you a line and let you know what a terrible day I’ve had today.

Well, first of all, I thought I would let canaries out of their cage to fly around for a while. What a mistake! They flew straight out of the open window and I haven’t seen them since!

Then I decided to surprise my husband by putting up some new bookshelves in the lounge. Oh dear! I drilled a hole straight into the wiring in the wall and cut off the whole street’s electricity supply. What a disaster! The neighbours are furious with me.

On top of that, when my husband came home from work he tripped over the bucket I had let in the middle of the floor. Unfortunately, he hurt his ankle and he was angry with me. I shouldn’t have left the bucket there.

Anyway, hopefully tomorrow will be better than today.

With love,

Elise

e.g. I wish I hadn’t had such a terrible day yesterday…..

10. Translate into English.

1. Жаль, что я сейчас не с вами. Это было бы здорово! 2. Зря я здесь сейчас с вами. Дома так много дел! 3. Напрасно вы не подписали бумаги вовремя. 4. Досадно, что вы подписали бумаги тогда. 5. Жаль, что жизнь такая короткая и жестокая. 6. Хотелось бы, чтобы жизнь была более счастливой. 7. Жаль, что Денис не влюбился в эту прекрасную девушку. Она бы сделала его счастливым. 8. Напрасно Игорь влюбился в эту капризную девушку. Она сделает его жизнь невыносимой. 9. Жаль, что мы живём так далеко друг от друга. Мы могли бы стать близкими друзьями. 10. Мы могли бы стать близкими друзьями, но не стали. Жаль, что это так! 11. Жаль, что у меня вчера болело горло, и я не смогла пойти на дискотеку. 12. Досадно, что мы заблудились именно в центре Парижа. 13. Жаль, что мы не говорим по-французски и не взяли карту города. Мы бы

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могли посмотреть или спросить куда идти дальше. 14. Я зря постирала белую майку с чёрными джинсами. Теперь она стала странного серого цвета. 15. Жаль, что мои дети не со мной и что они покинули меня, как только закончили школу.

HAD BETTER / WOULD RATHER

 We use had better + bare infinitive to give advice or to say what the best thing to do in a particular situation is. e.g. You’d (had) better take some warm clothes with you

(= you should/ought to take…) I’d better not call him now; he’ll be busy.

We use had better in the following constructions:

a)Had better + present bare infinitive (present/future reference), e.g. he’d better consult a lawyer.

b)It would have been better if + past perfect (past reference), e.g. it would have been better if you hadn’t talked to James last night.

Had better is stronger than should/ought to but it is not as strong as must.

e.g. You must call a doctor. (strong advice)

You had better call a doctor. (less strong than must)

You should/ought to call a doctor. (less strong than had better)

We use would rather (= would prefer to) to express preference, e.g. I’m busy. I’d rather not take a break now.

When the subject of would rather is also the subject of the following verb, we use the following constructions:

a)Would rather + present bare infinitive (to talk about present/future), e.g. I’d rather stay at home tonight.

b)Would rather + perfect bare infinitive (to talk about past), e.g. I’d rather have gone on holiday to Italy last summer.

When the subject of would rather is different from the subject of the following verb, we use the following constructions:

a)Would rather + past simple (to talk about present/future), e.g. I’d rather Tim did the shopping today.

b)Would rather + past perfect (to talk about past), e.g. I’d rather Kate hadn’t spent so much money yesterday.

EXERCISES

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11.In pairs ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the example. The choice of answer is yours. Add some more questions of your own.

e.g. Would you rather go on holiday to Spain or Italy? – I’d rather go to Spain than Italy.

1.go camping or stay at a five star hotel?

2.eat pizza or spaghetti for dinner?

3.play cards or chess this evening?

4.work in a bank or a school?

5.have a dog or a cat as a pet?

6.learn French or German at school?

12.Complete the sentences as in the example.

1.I’ll cook dinner if you really want me to, but … I’d rather you cooked it.

2.I’ll go to the supermarket if you really want me to, but ………………….

3.I’ll wash the dishes if you really want me to, but ………………………...

4.I’ll empty the rubbish bin if you really want me to, but …………………

5.I’ll iron the clothes if you really want me to, but …………………………

6.I’ll clean the bathroom if you really want me to, but …………………….

7.I’ll walk the dog if you really want me to, but……………………………

8.I’ll look after the baby if you really want me to, but ……………………

9.I’ll water the flowers f you really want me to, but ………………………

10.I’ll go to the meeting if you really want me to, but …………………….

13. Fill in the gaps with would rather, prefers or (would) prefer.

1.Do you __________ reading magazines or books?

2.She ____________ go to a disco than go to the theatre.

3.Jack ___________ listening to music to watching television.

4.He ___________ study History than Maths.

5.I ____________ the piano to the violin.

6.________ you _________ to have spaghetti or steak for dinner tonight?

7.I ____________ see a comedy film than an adventure film.

8.________ you _________ going to the cinema or going to the theatre?

14. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. Did you enjoy the party last night? – No, I’d rather __have stayed__ (stay) at home.

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2.Shall I dust the computer, Tom? – I’d rather you ____________ (not/ touch) it, actually. I’ll do it myself.

3.I’ve got a terrible cold. – You’d better ________ (not/go) to work today then.

4.I’m going to work now. – I think it’s going to rain today. You’d better __________

your umbrella with you.

5.I didn’t enjoy Ben’s party. I would rather he ___________ (invite) more people. –

Oh, I enjoyed it.

6.You’d better __________ (study) hard this weekend for the exam on Monday.

7.My parents prefer _______ (spend)their holidays in the mountains. – Do they? I like to be by the sea.

8.We’d better __________ (not/book) a taxi to bring us home tonight. – you’re right.

We might want to stay late.

9.They’re organizing a party for Susan’s birthday. – I know it’s a secret, so we’d better _________ (not/talk) about it in case she hears.

10.I’d rather you ___________ (not/leave) your shoes in the kitchen every time you come from school. – Sorry, I keep forgetting.

11.I didn’t enjoy my lunch today. I’d rather ___________ (eat) something else. – I’ll make you some sandwiches tomorrow then.

12.Did you enjoy the film last night? – Not really. I’d rather we _________ (see) a comedy instead.

13.Shall we stay in tonight? – Well, if you don’t mind I’d prefer ________ (visit) my parents.

15. Translate into English.

1) Лучше бы тебе начать готовиться к экзамену заранее – он очень сложный. 2) Я больше люблю играть в теннис, чем в футбол. 3)Он бы предпочёл, чтобы я не говорила об этом – ведь это секрет! 4) Лучше бы ты приехала пораньше. Тогда мы бы успели в кино. 5) Я предпочитаю пить кофе, а не чай. 6) Надо бы ему проконсультироваться с юристом. 6) Я бы предпочла лететь в Москву самолётом, а не ехать туда на поезде. 7) Я предпочла бы не ходить на свидание с ним вчера. Я так устала. 8) Было бы лучше, если бы вы заранее сообщили о своём решении. 9) Жена хотела бы, чтобы я перестал курить. 10) Вы бы предпочли, чтобы он сам во всём признался? 11) Лучше бы мне заплатили сейчас. 12) Лучше бы мы купили билеты заранее, тогда не пришлось бы стоять в очереди. 13) Мы, конечно, можем помыть посуду. Но лучше бы это сделала ты.

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14) Они предпочитают жить в Индии, а не в Китае. 15) Вы бы предпочли, чтобы все шло по плану?

THE UNREAL PRESENT AND PAST

The Past Simple can be used to talk about imaginary, unreal or improbable situations which are contrary to facts in the present (unreal present).

The Past Perfect can be used to refer to imaginary, unreal or improbable situations which are contrary to the facts in the past (unreal past).

The Past Simple is used with:

Type 2 Conditionals, e.g. If he knew the truth, he would be very angry

Suppose/Supposing, e.g. Suppose they didn’t invite you, what would you do?

Wish/If only, e.g. If only I had a lot of money.

Would rather (present), e.g. I’d rather Lisa went to the market.

As if/ As though, e.g. Jim behaves as if/as though he were the boss.

It’s (about/high) time, e.g. It’s about/high time they did something about it.

The Past Perfect is used with:

Type 3 Conditionals, e.g. If she had asked me, I would have helped her.

Suppose/Supposing, e.g. Suppose/Supposing you had lost your money, what would you have done?

Wish/If only, e.g. I wish/ If only I hadn’t invited them to my party.

Would rather (past), e.g. I’d rather you hadn’t said anything about it.

As if/ As though, e.g. He hadn’t seen her before, but he acted as if/though he had known her for years.

EXERCISES:

16. Explain the use of the verb forms after It’s (high/about) time and translate the sentences into Russian.

1.Don’t you think it’s time you got a job?

2.Come along. It’s time we had lunch.

3.It’s time we started putting our own house in order.

4.They were saying in the office that it was about time Walker retired.