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ББК Ш 143.21 Х 12

Английский язык. Getting on in English : учеб. пособие для бакалаврантов 1-го курса направления «Экономика» 080100.62, профиль «БУАиФА», «МЭ»; направления «Торговое дело 100700.62, профиль «ММа», «МКД»; направления «Менеджмент» 080200.62, профиль «ММ», «МТГХ», «Логистика»; направления «Реклама и связи с общественностью» 031600.62, профиль «РиСО в коммерческой сфере», «РиСО в политике»; направления «Таможенное дело» 036400.65. / сост. Н. Ю. Павлова, И. А. Воробьёва. – Хабаровск : РИЦ ХГАЭП, 2012. – 100 с.

Рецензенты : И. Г. Гирина, завкафедрой переводоведения и межкультурной коммуникации института лингвистики и межкультурной коммуникации ДВГГУ, канд. филолог. наук; Н. В. Барсукова, доцент кафедры

иностранных языков ТОГУ, канд. пед. наук.

Утверждено издательско-библиотечным

советом в качестве учебного пособия

Учебное издание

Наталья Юрьевна Павлова Ирина Александровна Воробьёва

Английский язык

GETTING ON IN ENGLISH

Учебное пособие

Часть 1

Редактор Г.С. Одинцова

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CONTENTS

Предисловие…………………………………………………………………………. 4

CHAPTER 1 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION ……………………………………....5 Part 1: Describing people…………………………………………………………….. 5 Part 2: Family…………………………………………………………………...........19

CHAPTER 2 PROBLEMS OF A BIG CITY………………………………………...41 Part 1: Megacities: Two Views……………………………………………………….41 Part 2: Sick Building Syndrome ……………………………………….......................55

APPENDIXES………………………………………………………………………...81 I. Writing a Letter………………………………………………………………..……...81 II. Informal letter……………………………………………………………………...85 III. Word building……………………………………………………………………..86 IV. Irregular verbs…………………………………………………………………….92 V. Supplementary reading …………………………………………………………... 96

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Предисловие

Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для бакалаврантов 1-го курса направления «Экономика» 080100.62, профиль «БУАиФА», «МЭ»; направления «Торговое дело» 100700.62, профиль «ММа», «МКД»; направления «Менеджмент» 080200.62, профиль «ММ», «МТГХ», «Логистика»; направления «Реклама и связи с общественностью» 031600.62, профиль «РиСО в коммерческой сфере», «РиСО в политике», направления «Таможенное дело» 036400.65. Пособие может быть использовано как для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов.

Данное пособие представляет собой первую часть сборника “Getting on in English”. Цель пособия – активизировать знания лексического материала и отработать лексические и коммуникативные навыки. Пособие основано на ситуативно-коммуникативном, тематическом и социолингвистическом принципах.

Пособие имеет чёткую структуру и состоит из двух глав. Каждая глава включает в себя две части, которые состоят из учебного словаря, текста для чтения и обсуждения, лексических упражнений, речевых упражнений, заданий для аудирования и говорения, заданий для развития навыков письменной речи.

Тексты пособия предназначены для развития навыков изучающего чтения и включают программный лексико-грамматический материал. Тематический отбор текстов обусловлен требованиями вузовских программ, а также учебнометодическими задачами данного этапа обучения.

Лексические упражнения направлены на закрепление активной лексики, расширение рецептивного и потенциального словарей, развитие языковой догадки, на совершенствование навыков с толковыми английскими словарями.

Речевые упражнения направлены на развитие навыков диалогической и монологической речи с использованием указанных конструкций и речевых образцов в предлагаемых коммуникативных ситуациях бытовой коммуникации. Данные упражнения носят в основном творческий характер и построены таким образом, чтобы в них обязательно присутствовала мыслительная задача, максимально стимулирующая развитие навыков говорения.

Особенностью данного пособия является использование видео- и лингвокомпьютерных заданий, ориентированных на формирование лингвокомпьютерной компетенции студентов.

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CHAPTER 1

PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

Part 1: Describing people

Words to remember

appearance (n.) – внешность

good-looking (adj.) – хорошо выглядящий, приятный beautiful (adj.) – красивый

pretty (adj.) – хорошенький, прелестный, миловидный handsome (adj.) – красивый (о мужчине)

stupid (adj.) – глупый, бестолковый

(un)attractive (adj.) – (не) привлекательный intelligent (adj.) – умный, смышленый

ugly (adj.) – уродливый, безобразный plain (adj.) – простой, обыкновенный

to worry (v.) – беспокоиться, to worry about smb./smth. – беспокоиться о ком-то, о чём-то to follow (v.) – следовать за; to follow smb. – следовать за кем-нибудь

movement (n.) – движение eyebrow (n.) – бровь

sign (n.) –знак, признак; sign of smth. – признак чего-то forehead (n. ) – лоб

plastic surgery – пластическая хирургия surgeon (n.) – хирург

chin (n.) – подбородок jaw (n.) – челюсть

to remake (v.) – переделывать, делать заново wrinkle (n.) – морщина

to agree/disagree (v.) – соглашаться / не соглашаться; agree/ disagree with smb. – соглашаться/ не соглашаться с кем-то

beard (n.) – борода; to grow one`s beard – отрастить бороду moustache (n.) – усы

to touch (v.) –дотрагиваться; to touch smth. – дотрагиваться до чего-нибудь wear (v.) – носить (одежду)

make-up (n.) – макияж; to wear make –up – краситься mascara (n) – тушь

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eyelash/lash (n.) – ресница eyeshadow (n.) – тени eyelid/lid (n.) – веко

Before you read

Think about it

1)Who is the most beautiful woman and the best-looking man you know?

2)Do you think it's difficult to be very good-looking? Why? Why not?

3)How important is it to look attractive? Why?

Read the text quickly and tell your partner what it is about.

HOW IMPORTANT IS YOUR APPEARANCE?

How important is your appearance? Although everyone wants to be good-looking, are beautiful people always the happiest people? For example, it must be a problem to be a really beautiful woman because many men may be more interested in looking at you than in talking to you. They think of you as a picture rather than a person. There are also some people who think that women who are exceptionally pretty and men who are particularly handsome must be stupid. They believe that only unattractive people can be intelligent.

On the other hand no one wants to be really ugly and have a face that even your mother doesn't want to look at; and no one wants to be plain either that is to be neither attractive nor unattractive, and have a face that is easily forgotten.

Being attractive is like being rich: it can help you to find happiness, but it doesn't always make you happy. So may be the best thing is not to worry too much about how you look, but simply try to be an interesting person, for interesting people have interesting faces and interesting faces are almost always attractive.

People who cannot hear often learn to understand a spoken language not with their ears but with their eyes. They watch the mouth of the person talking and follow the movement of their lips. This is called lip-reading.

Some people think that the distance between your hair and your eyebrows is a sign of how intelligent you are. The bigger your forehead is, the more intelligent you are supposed to be.

Nowadays, a person who doesn't like his nose can have it changed with plastic surgery. Plastic surgeons can change your face in many other ways too. They can make your cheeks a little rounder or higher under the eyes. If you don't like your chin

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a plastic surgeon can break your jaw and remake the whole lower half of your face. If you think your skin looks too old and full of wrinkles, they can take the wrinkles away and make you look twenty years younger.

Women often disagree about men having beards and moustache. Some women think that beard on a man's skin makes him look friendly and attractive. Other women think beards look all right but they don't like to touch them. As for moustaches there are some women who think they are very attractive and others who think that a moustache makes a man look cold and mean.

Usually only women wear make-up. They are lucky. They can put a little black mascara on their eyelashes and some eyeshadow on their eyelids and look fresh and attractive, even when they are really tired. But the morning after a very late night a man just has to look terrible.

Comprehension/Interpretation

Exercise 1. Read the text once again. Find three-five sentences showing what the author thinks about appearance.

a)______________________________________________________________

b)______________________________________________________________

c)______________________________________________________________

d)______________________________________________________________

e)______________________________________________________________

Exercise 2. Tick the statements that you believed to be true. Explain your point. Use the following expressions: I think …; I find it …; Personally, I feel …; It can be … .

1. Everyone wants to be good-looking.

2. Beautiful people are always the happiest people.

3.Nowadays, a person who doesn't like his appearance can have it changed with plastic surgery.

4.All women think that beard on a man's skin makes him look friendly and attractive.

LANGUAGE FOCUS

1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.

Внешность; красивый; быть заинтересованным в чём-то; хорошенький; красивый (о мужчине); непривлекательный; с другой стороны; уродливый; даже;

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смотреть на что-нибудь; легко забывается; богатый; найти счастье; сделать когото счастливым; беспокоиться о чём-то; пытаться, стараться; разговорный язык; уши; глаза; рот; следовать за движениями; чтение по губам; расстояние между; лоб; в наше время; пластическая хирургия; щёки; хирург; сломать челюсть; кожа; морщины; удалить морщины; не соглашаться; борода; усы; дотрагиваться до чего-то; макияж; наносить тушь на ресницы; наносить тени на веки; свежий.

2. Identify the word by its meaning. Make your own sentences with these words.

1.The part of the face above the eyebrows.

2.The part of the face between the nose and the ears

3.The part of the face with which we smell

4.Attractive, good-looking (of men)

5.Showing lack of thought

6.The act of moving the body or part of the body

7.Substances used by women to make their faces look more attractive

8.To have smth on your body as a piece of clothing

9.A line in your skin, especially on your face, that forms as you get older

10.To put your hands or a finger onto somebody or something.

3. Insert prepositions where necessary.

3.He was looking .... the picture … silence.

4.Don`t worry .... him, Bill.

5.The distance .... these two buildings is 100 meters.

7.A plastic surgeon can take your wrinkles .... and make you look 20 years younger.

8.When I came into the room, she was putting a little mascara .... her eyelashes.

9.Don`t touch ... this vase!

4. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.

1.He is always __________ _________ his weight.

2.There were some __________ around her eyes.

3.The snake sheds its _______ once a year.

4.He is the most ________________ man I have ever met.

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5.Medical operations to repair injury to a person`s _________ or to improve somebody`s appearence are called __________ _____________.

6.__________ me, please. I`ll show you the way.

7.He ________________ with them about the need for change.

8.He has decided to _________ a __________ and ___________.

9.Let`s go and get some __________ air.

10.I like John, but I don`t find him __________ physically.

Wrinkles; handsome; to worry about; to follow smb.; plastic surgery; skin (2); to agree; to grow one`s beard; fresh; attractive; moustache.

5. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate into Russian.

ry/ cal/ ly

1.My friend is a heart surgeon.

2.He will require … on his left arm.

3.Where are my … gloves?

4.The lumps will need to be … removed.

dis / able /ly / ment

1.He agreed with them about the need for change.

2.He seemed extremely … .

3.They were … surprised by the quality of the food.

4.The two sides failed to reach …. .

5.No, I …. I don`t think it will be a good idea.

ician / ful/ ly

1.She is a woman of great beauty.

2.What a … dress!

3.She sings …. .

4.My mother is a …. . She works in a … saloon.

ity/ ly

1.It was a pretty stupid thing to do.

2.I … agreed to lend him the money.

3.I couldn`t believe my own … .

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ly / ing / ed

1.Don`t worry. We have plenty of time.

2.It must be … for you not to know where he is.

3.I`m not … about her – she can take care of herself.

4.… , the plan contains few details on how spending will be cut.

er/ ing

1.She followed her mother into the medical profession.

2.My sister is a … of fashion.

3.They arrived on Monday evening and we got there the … day.

6. Translate the following sentences into English.

1.Она никогда особо не беспокоилась о своей внешности.

2.Его мечта – стать хирургом.

3.Моя сестра никогда не красится.

4.Вчера она купила простое, но элегантное платье.

5.Вы всегда обращаете внимание на внешность?

6.Он так постарел. На его лице появилось много морщин.

7.Ты решил отрастить бороду?

8.Ты следуешь моде? – Да, я всегда ношу элегантные платья.

9.Я не согласен с тобой. Я думаю, только пластический хирург может ей помочь убрать эти морщины.

10.Ты такая хорошенькая в этом платье!

11.Сначала я его не узнала, т. к. он отрастил бороду и усы.

12.Он согласился, что женщины больше интересуются модой, чем мужчины.

13.Сегодня, если человеку не нравится его нос, он может изменить его при помощи пластической хирургии.

14.Назовите имена двух актрис, которых вы считаете красивыми.

15.Кто эта хорошенькая маленькая девочка? – Это моя младшая сестра.

7. What's your attitude to the problems discussed:

a)plastic surgery;

b)beards and moustache;

c)make-up.

Give some examples to support your opinion.

Do you know anyone who has had plastic surgery?

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8.Agree or disagree with the following statements. Comment on them. a) Beauty is only skin-deep.

b) Your face is your fortune.

c) Beauty is the eye of the beholder (i.e. the person who is looking).

9.Make up a dialogue:

a)A friend of yours is going to get married. Ask him/her about his/her fiancé/fiancée.

b)You want to know how your friend looks like after disease / a span of time/ holidays/ plastic surgery.

10. Prepare a list of sentences (up to 10) for translation from the British National Corpus with the use of the following words from the above text: appearance, to worry, plastic surgery, to agree, to touch. Use the site www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/ .

11. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text.

Use a dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more associations / collocations of each word.

12. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out about the appearence and character of Michael Jackson. Share what you have discovered with your partner(s) at the next lesson.

13. FILM STAR: Bring a poster of your favourite film star. Tell your groupmates some words about him/her.

14. VIDEO:

A.Watch the video “The face and hair” and get ready to discuss it at the lesson.

B.Watch the video “7 adjectives for describing people in English” and get ready to discuss it at the lesson.

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15. WRITING

1.Write about the appearence of a famous person or your groupmate for 10 minutes. Don`t give the name of this person. Let your groupmates guess it. Correct your partner’s paper.

2.Your relative comes to Khabarovsk in a few days but unfortunately you can`t meet him. Write a message to your friend and ask him to meet your relative. Your friend has never seen that person. Try to give all peculiarities of your relative`s appearance.

3.Describe the appearance of your best friend.

4.Get some pictures and describe the people in them.

5.Write a paragraph.

A)These two paragraphs come from a story. The middle paragraph is missing. Write a paragraph of about 40 words describing Kate to complete the story. Try to use adjectives, adverbs and interesting words.

Everybody knew that a new girl was starting at our school. We had heard that her name was Kate. The desk next to me was empty and I knew she would probably sit there. When I got to school on Monday morning, I quickly hung my coat up and went to my desk. There was the new girl. She was ...

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Lessons started and I found out that she was excellent at maths. She even helped me with one or two of the problems. I knew we were going to be great friends from that day on.

B)Read your partner's writing.

Swap paragraphs and read what your partner has written. Using your partner's paragraph, answer the following questions.

1.What adjectives has my partner used?

2.What adverbs has my partner used?

3.What interesting vocabulary has my partner used?

Discuss

Read your paragraph to the class, or listen to paragraphs other people have written. How could you make your writing even more descriptive?