5075

1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.

Быть ответственной за ошибку; принимать как должное; опека; иметь опекунство над; при первых признаках заболевания или плохого настроения (капризов); незамедлительно отправлять на кухню; быть в хорошем (исправном) состоянии; удивительным (странным) образом; подавать обед; зубрить, натаскивать; капризный; обучение без отрыва от производства; холостяк; бессмыслица; установить хорошие взаимоотношения; упущение; братоубийство; отцовство; материнство; развод; заплетать косы; свидетельство о рождении; права на посещение; ограничивать нездоровую пищу; кричать; соответствующее наказание; вынуждать, заставлять; укладывать спать; иметь смысл; ревновать.

2. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate the sentences.

ful / ly / ness / less

1.He took her to the ballet to cheer her up.

2.We were going along the street and … music was heard from every window.

3.She … admitted her mistake.

4.He was amused with her … and good mood.

5.It was a … rainy day.

ment / re / ed

1.This company was established in 1850.

2.The Philips Company was set up in 1891. It is a well-… company on the market.

3.The hotel is a well-run … .

4.The government decided to … the reputation of the industry.

able / ly / un

1.Everybody remarked on his being late.

2.It was the most … sunset I have ever seen.

3.His crankiness remained … .

4.Everybody enjoyed a … fine day.

ee/ ed / ing

1.Their marriage ended in divorce.

2.We know that they tend to end their marriage. In other words they are getting … .

3.Jill is … Tom.

4.I learned that he is a … .

un / able / ly/ ing

1.They have said that a new product will be a success, and I see no reason to doubt it.

2.Try to … him out of that idea – it is not good.

3.There’s no point in … with him – he’ll never change his mind.

4.Be … – you can’t expect her to do all the work on her own.

5.The car is in … (quite) full repair.

6.Your conditions are quite … – I can’t accept them.

3.Find the words from the story that are close in meaning to the italicized words. The words are given in order of their appearance.

1. At the smallest sign of irritability or illness …

2.... they had been immediately sent back to the kitchen…

3.... and to the mother who had been held more or less responsible for such а fault.

4.At thirty-five years оf age, he chose fatherhood.

5.The father finally established а relationship with his children.

6.Не took thorough on-the-job training.

7.The mother had been named the expert by all of them.

8.Now she wasn't around for advice.

9.Не had to study intensively.

10.Indeed, the father developed а collection of attitudes on certain subjects.

4. Give synonyms. Make up your own sentences with the following words.

5. Fill in the blanks with suitable words in a proper form from the list below.

1.Potato crisps are considered __________.

2.The court gave the mother __________ of the child.

3.She wears her hair in __________.

4.Other girls were ____________ of her good looks.

5.Nobody has yet been ___________ as chairman.

6.The mother agreed to __________ for the boys' father.

7.The boxer finally acknowledge _________ of the child following a bitter court case.

8.This famous actress has been ___________ from three husbands.

9.Although there are no lessons this week, the students are all __________ for next week’s tests.

10.The child has been __________ all day.

11.We'd worked together for years and developed a good _________.

12.No formal qualifications are required for the work – you'll get ____________.

13.One of the problems with relationships is that after a while you just _______ each other________.

Designated, cranky, junk food, on-the-job training, jealous, custody, rapport, to cram, divorced, braids, paternity, to take for granted, visitation rights, to separate.

6. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1.Одна моя подруга развелась со своим мужем.

2.Он не мог больше принимать своих детей как должное.

3. Опека над детьми была передана тёте после смерти родителей. 4. Очень сложно установить хороший контакт с детьми.

5. Ты говоришь бессмыслицу. Это не его вина. 6. Он завидует её успеху.

7. Он уложил детей спать и пожелал им спокойной ночи. 8. Я был поражён абсурдностью этой ситуации.

9. Каждое утро ему приходилось заплетать дочери косы. 10. После развода отцу дали право опекать детей.

11. Студенты зубрят накануне экзаменов.

12. Многие врачи устанавливают хорошие взаимоотношения со своими пациентами.

13. Терпеть не могу, когда на меня кричат.

7. Finding the Sequence of Events: Before and After

There is а contrast throughout the essay between the father's situation before and after his divorce. Write before in front of sentences that describe the man's relationship with his children before his divorce and after in front оf sentences that describe his relationship after his divorce.

1.____________ He talked with them а lot and learned interesting things from them.

2.____________ Не never spent much time with them.

3.____________ He took them for granted.

4.____________ Не went to watch them participate in sports.

5._____________ He sent them to their mother when they were ill or cranky.

6.____________ He fed them and put them to bed.

7.____________ He lived all the time in the same house with them.

8.____________ Не yelled at them.

9.____________ He established a rapport with them.

Can you explain why the past perfect tense (had + participle) is used in the second paragraph?

8. Talking It Over

l. Why do you think the father in the story found his children interesting after his divorce but not before?

2. In your opinion, what is meant by the last two lines of the essay: "What he had with his children was what they created. They had made him, at last, а father.”

9. Talking About Feelings

1.The author tells us that the father experiences several different feelings after his divorce! Аt one point he feels silly. Do you remember why? How does he change his actions because of this? Later, he feels loneliness, guilt, pleasure, and jealousy.

Explain when and why he felt each of these emotions. In what other situations might someone feel each оf these?

2.Americans often talk about their feelings, usually with close friends. If they are happy, thеу want to share their happiness with someone. If they are sad or angry, they usually feel better if they discuss the reasons with another person. Is it also the custom

in your country to discuss feelings with others? Which of the emotions mentioned in Question 1 do you think would be most difficult to talk about? Why?

10.Speculate on the following proverbs.

1.Marriages are made in heaven.

2.Love is blind.

3.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.

4.Look before you leap!

5.Out of sight, out of mind.

6.Love and marriage

Go together like а horse and carriage.

Discuss your interpretation of these proverbs. Which two contradict each other? Which one of those two do you think is correct? Think of а proverb about love and marriage in your native language and write it down as well as you can in English.

11.Do you agree or disagree with

-the African proverb: «The ill-mannered child finds a father wherever he goes.»

(the value of extended family) .

-the African proverb : «Marriage is an institution but who wants to live in an institution?»

12.Make up dialogues as instructed.

1. You are a mother or a father. You need a nanny or a day-care center because you work all day. Call to a day-care center and try to put the baby there or invite a

nanny

to care about him at home.

2.You’re a young couple, you have a baby. You want to hire a nanny and your wife wants to put him in a day-care center. Discuss advantages and disadvantages.

3. Your daughter wants to marry a foreigner. You don’t like it. Give advantages and disadvantages.

Chapter 4

Health and Leisure

Part 1: Eat Like a Peasant, Feel like a King

Words to remember

recipe (n) – a list of ingredients and directions for making something, esp. a food preparation

appetizer (n) – a small amount of food or drink taken to stimulate the appetite

to sample (v) – to taste a small amount of food or drink to decide whether you like it eclectic (adj) – composed of elements drawn from a variety of sources, styles, etc. to sprinkle (v) – to scatter a few bits or drops of something over a surface

nutrition (n) – 1. food considered as smth that keep you healthy; 2. the process of taking in and using food, or the scientific study of this; nutritional (adj) (ALSO nutritive) relating to nutrition; nutritious (adj) containing many of the substances needed for life and growth: a nutritious diet; nutritionist (n) an expert on the subject

of nutrition

diet (n) – the food and drink usually taken by a person or group: a

healthy/balanced/ varied diet intimately (adv) – closely

diverse (adj) – very different from each other cuisine (n) – a style or manner of cooking

to abandon (v) – to give up completely

malnutrition (n) – lack of adequate nutrition resulting from insufficient food, unbalanced diet or defective assimilation

fare (n) – the type of food that is served in a restaurant. Synonym: food obesity(n) – being very fat in a way that is unhealthy

side (n) – a small amount of food that you order in a restaurant in addition to your main meal

sobering (adj) – making you think about things in a serious way; sedate and rational be at risk – to be in a dangerous situation

calamity (n) – a disaster or misfortune, esp. one causing extreme havoc, distress or misery

willpower (n) – the ability to control oneself and determine one’s actions;

determination

to rehabilitate (v) – to return smb or smth to a good or healthy condition, state or way of living

to tout (n) – to advertise, make known or praise something or someone repeatedly, especially as a way of encouraging their sale, popularity or development

eatery (n) – a restaurant or eating-house. Syn: snack bar to boost (v) – to improve or increase something

good bet (n) – something that is likely to happen or someone or something that is likely to be successful

hypertension (n) – a medical condition in which your blood pressure is extremely high to evolve (v) – to develop gradually, or to cause something or someone to develop

gradually

to back smb up (phr) – 1. to support or help someone; 2. to say that someone is telling the truth. Synonym: support

superabundant (adj) – existing in very large amounts

edible (adj) – suitable or safe for eating; Compare eatable (adj) describes food that is good enough to eat, though not excellent. The opposite is inedible.

intake (n) – the amount of a particular substance which is eaten or drunk during a particular time: recommended daily intake

saturated fat (n) – a type of fat found in meat, eggs, milk, cheese, etc, which is thought to be bad for your health

to indulge (v) – 1. to allow yourself or another person to have something enjoyable, especially more than is good for you

to substitute (v) – to use smth for smth or someone instead of another thing or

person

staples (n) – basic or main foods

downside (n) – the disadvantage of a situation; Opposite is upside

stroke (n) – a sudden change in the blood supply to a part of the brain, which can cause a loss of the ability to move particular parts of the body: to have/suffer a stroke

to clot (v) – (of blood or another liquid) to become thick and stop flowing a ripe old age (phr) – an age at which someone is very old

incidence (n) – the rate at which smth, esp. smth undesirable, happens or exists beneficial (adj) – producing favourable effects or useful results

EXERCISES

1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.

Рецепт; на гарнир; закуска; попробовать; многообразный, эклектичный; диета;

диетолог; ключ к здоровой еде; поток информации; быть тесно связанным с ч-л;

разнообразный; национальная кухня; простая традиционная пища; становится богатым; процветание (благосостояние); прекратить, забросить; рисковать;

недоедание; ожирение; зерно; бобовые; клетчатка; диета, предотвращающая сердечные заболевания; диета с низким содержанием жиров; высокое артериальное давление; развиваться, эволюционировать; поддерживать,

подтверждать; избыточный, имеющийся в больших количествах; съедобные растения; низкое потребление калорий; рацион; катастрофа, бедствие; снизить потребление жиров; люди со средним доходом; высококалорийное блюдо; сила воли; закупоривать; потворствовать (себе), потакать своим желаниям;

реабилитировать; заменить что-л. на что-л.; рекламировать, навязывать;

ресторанчик, закусочная; диетический; питательный; основные, базовые продукты питания; стимулировать иммунную систему; недостаток, минус;

удачный выбор, верное (выигрышное) дело; способность крови свёртываться;

питательные вещества; дожить до старости.

2. Match the words with their definitions.

3. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate

the sentences.

ive / tion

1.Miso soup and cabbage can prevent cancer.

2.Nowadays the … of crimes should be paid special attention.

3.The government is taking … measures to safeguard law and order.

tious / mal / ent/ al / ly

1.Good nutrition is essential for good health.

2.Many African tribes suffer from … .

3.Milk is very … .

4.This soil contains valuable … .

5.Different countries’ cuisines demonstrate not only diverse human diets but also show … principles leading to strengthening our health.

6.Some edible plants are … healthy.

ent / ence / re / ency

1.The sun emerged from behind the clouds.

2.The 1960s saw the … of many new nations.

3.… of this person on the political stage again didn’t surprise anybody.

4.There were several … nations of Africa at that time.

5.In case of … , ring this bell.