Банкова ПРАЦТИЦЕ МАКЕС ПЕРФЕЦТ ПРЕСЕНТ ФОРМС 2015

11.He (find) the snake who (recognize) its old friend and (coil) round him affectionately. But, unfortunately, the snake is by now a full-grown boa-constrictor and its embrace (kill) the poor boy.

12.The snake (feel) sorry about this? – I (not know). The story (end) there.

13.How you (end) a letter that (begin), 'Dear Sir'? – I always (put), 'Yours truly', but Tom (prefer) 'Yours faithfully'.

14.What the word 'catastrophe' (mean)? – It (mean) 'disaster'.

15.What you (wait) for? – I (wait) for the shop to open. – But it (not open) till 9.00. – I (know) but I (want) to be early, as their sale (start) today.

16.Why you (smoke) a cigar, Mrs. Pitt? You (not smoke) cigars as a rule. – I (smoke) it because I (want) the ash. This book (say) that cigar ash mixed with oil (remove) heat stains from wood.

17.Who (own) this umbrella? – I (not know). Everybody (use) it but nobody (know) who (own) it.

18.You (mind) if I (ask) you a question? – That (depend) on the question. – It (concern) your brother.

19.I (refuse) to answer any question about my brother.

8.Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Continuous.

1.John and Peter … (fly) to Paris on Monday on business. Their flight … (take off) at 7:10 in the morning and …. (arrive) in Paris at 9.30 in the morning. Peter’s cousin … (own) a house there, so they … (stay) with him.

2.My neighbour … (bang) on the walls of his flat when he … (do) repairs. This week he … (install) a new bath, and the noise … (drive) me crazy. He … (not/seem) to he care about the way he … (bother) other people.

3.Tom is an athlete. Every morning, he … (swim) ten laps in the pool and … (lift) weights for an hour. This year, he … (train) harder because he … (want) to compete in the next Olympic Games.

4.Denis … (live) in Glasgow and … (work) for an advertising company. He … (have) a good job and … (earn) a lot of money. He … (meet) many people every day and … (lead) a busy life. The company … (expand) rapidly, and today he … (see)a new client.

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Unit 4

Present Perfect

USE 1 – Unspecified Time Before Now

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

Analyze the examples:

•I have seen that movie twenty times.

•I think I have met him once before.

•There have been many earthquakes in California.

•People have travelled to the Moon.

•Have you read the article yet?

•Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.

NB! The concept of «unspecified time» can be very confusing to English learners. It is best to associate Present Perfect with the following topics:

TOPIC 1 – Experience

You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, «I have the experience of...» You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.

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Analyze the examples:

• I have been to France.

=This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once or several times.

•I have been to France three times.

=You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.

•I have never been to an art exhibition.

=This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to an art exhibition.

•I think I have seen that movie before.

•He has never travelled by train.

•A: Have you ever met him?

B:No, I have not met him before.

TOPIC 2 – Change Over Time

We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.

Analyze the examples:

•You have grown since the last time I saw you.

•The government has become more interested in arts education.

•Chinese has become one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies program was established.

•My English has really improved since I moved to Australia.

TOPIC 3 – Accomplishments

We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention a specific time.

Analyze the examples:

•Man has walked on the Moon.

•Our daughter has learned how to read.

•Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.

•Scientists have split the atom.

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TOPIC 4 – An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting

We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Analyze the examples:

•James has not finished his homework yet.

•Kate hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.

•The rain hasn't stopped.

TOPIC 5 – Multiple Actions at Different Times

We also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible.

Analyze the examples:

•The army has attacked that city five times.

•I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.

•We have had many major problems while working on this pro-

ject.

•She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.

Time Expressions with the Present Perfect

When we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now. Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important.

Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions such as: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc.

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Analyze the examples:

•I have had a cold for two weeks.

•She has been in France for six months.

•Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.

Although the above use of the Present Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words «live», «work», «teach», and «study» are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Analyze the examples:

•You have only seen that movie one time.

•Have you only seen that movie one time?

1.Read and translate the following sentences. Explain the use of the Present Perfect.

1.My watch has stopped. What’s the time by yours?

2.We’ve known each other for 30 years.

3.The kitchen is in a mess because no one has done the washing-up.

4.Miss Lazy has hardly done any work this week.

5.She’s always wanted to go to Australia, but she’s never had time.

6.The country has made enormous progress this year. The Prime Minister has introduced so many changes.

7.You’ll find it hard to deal with him: I’ve met such people before.

8.You are my mother. I love you very much, and I thank you from the bottom of my heart for everything you have done for me.

9.Wait, you haven't read the details.

10.You have become very dear to me, and in such a short time. I've fallen in love with you.

11.Have you ever seen a ghost? Have you ever climbed a mountain? Have you ever painted pictures yourself?

12.I can’t finish the work. My computer has crashed.

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2.Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the use of tenses in them.

1.This is the first time she’s gone scuba diving.

2.«People haven't changed much over the centuries», he remarked.

3.We've run out of sugar. Ask Mrs. Helpful to lend us some.

4.We have had some successes in tennis lately.

5.Why are you in a hurry? – We’re late. The movie has already started.

6.This is the first time I’ve seen a famous band.

7.Oh, dear! I’ve spilt my coffee.

8.I’ve written three really long essays this term.

9.It’s been a bit heavy in the last few days.

3.a) Reproduce the following Jazz Chant. Comment on the use of tenses.

Have you ever seen the beaches of Mexico?

Have you ever walked the streets of San Juan?

Have you ever been to Haiti?

Have you ever been to Spain?

Have you ever walked barefoot in a heavy rain?

Have you ever been in trouble?

Have you ever been in pain?

Have you ever been in love?

Would you do it all again?

Well, I’ve never seen the beaches of Mexico.

I’ve never walked the streets of San Juan.

I’ve never been to Haiti.

I’ve never been to Spain.

I’ve never walked barefoot in a heavy rain.

But I’ve sure been in trouble.

I’ve sure been in love,

I’d do it all again.

b) Try to find four things that you have done and your peer hasn’t done. Ask him (her) questions: Have you ever been on TV? Have you

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ever written a story? Have you ever seen someone commit a crime? Have you ever read a book about a famous artist? Have you ever done something embarrassing in public? etc.

c)Make a list of …

•five things you haven’t done yet, but you want to do.

•two things you have done this week that you feel very excited

about.

•three things you have already done to improve your English.

•three countries you have already visited.

•two exotic dishes you have already (never) tried.

4. Complete the sentences. Use the Present Perfect in the correct form. Explain its usage.

1.I _________ my new address to many people. (not / give)

2.Is it raining at the moment? – No, it ____________ (just / stop).

3.I can't find my keys. _____________ (you / see) them?

4.Where's your dictionary? – I don't know, it _______ (disappear).

5.Let's go and see 'The Great Gatsby' at the Cannon Cinema. – I ________(already / see) it.

6.Your hair ________ a lot! (grow)

7.Steve _____ a marketing consultant since he left college. (be).

8.Are Steve and Martha at home? - No, they _________ . (go out)

9.John looks thinner. ________________ (he / lose) weight?

10.Is Jess enjoying her new job? – I don't know. I ___________

(not / hear) from her.

11. Why doesn't this tape recorder work? – I think you _____________ (break) it.

12.How many times _______ (you / take) your driving test? – Twice. My third one is next week.

13.This music is new to me. I'm sure I ____________ (not / hear) it

before.

14.Lisa ______ (not / call). I don’t know if she’s coming with us.

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5. Complete the sentences with already (I've already ... / She's already ...) or yet (He hasn't ... yet/ They haven't ... yet.)

1.A: Let's go to the new exhibition at the Modern Art Museum.

B:It's not very good, I_________________ . (see)

2.A: Don't forget to tell Lisa the good news.

B:I __________________ and she was very happy. (tell)

3.A: What does John say in his letter?

B:I don't know. I _________________ I've been too busy. (read)

4.A: I enjoyed reading that new novel by Nick Hornby. Is it his first book?

B:No, he _________________ four novels, but I think this one is his best. (write)

5.A: When are James and Kate going to sell their house?

B:They ______________________ . They're moving to London next week. (sell)

6.A: The radio isn’t working.

B:___________________ you / break / it again?

6. Answer the questions giving additional information.

e.g.: Do you like maths? (always, good at) – Yes, I have always been good at it.

1.Do you know Esperanto? (study, never)

2.Do you spend much time with your family? (be busy, this year)

3.Do you travel a lot? (be to France, a few times)

4.Do you often meet with your school friends? (to have a reunion, recently)

5.Would you like a cup of coffee? (have one, just)

6.Do you like animals? (keep, never / always)

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7. Complete the sentences using ‘just, already, yet’.

8. Present Perfect + «such a …». Respond to the statements below using the structure: «No wonder!» (It’s strange!) He (she, it) is such a + Adjective + Noun!

e.g. I haven’t finished the book. – No wonder. It is such a long book! I have quarreled with him. – It’s strange. He is such an easy-going

person.

Make use of the following adjectives: dangerous, interesting, exciting, selfish, unhappy, unlucky, (in)experienced, (in)competent, intellectual, dull, beautiful, old-fashioned, etc.

1.I have given up the job. – …

2.I’ve decided to buy the coat after all. – …

3.She’s refused to join the expedition. – …

4.He has failed the experiment. – …

5.She has decided to become a teacher.

9.a). You work for a travel agency. A customer, Jack, is interested in one of your walking holidays in the tropical rain forests of South

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