Bases of endoscopic surgery
“Grosse Chirurge machen grosse Schnitte”
Endoscopic surgery
it is area of the surgery, allowing to execute radical operations or diagnostic procedures without a wide dissection of integument or through dot punctures of tissues (laparoscopic, thoracoscopic, rhinoscopic, arthroscopic operations), or through natural physiological apertures (FGDS, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, cystoscopy, etc.)
Development of endoscopic surgery
Hippocrat (460-375 up to AD) - has described carrying out of the proctoscopy;
Abdul Quasim (936-1013) - investigated neck of uterus using a glass mirror reflector;
R.P. Arnaud (1651-1723) - has created the first extracorporal source of light for the medical purposes;
Phillip Bozini (1773-1809) - has created endoscope which design has been named "LICHTLEITER";
John Fisher, 1827 – has created one of the first endoscops;
Gustave Trouve in 1873 in has designed "polyscope", intended for gastroscopy and cystoscopy, brightness of a luminescence of a platinum wire in which was adjusted with a help of a rheostat.
George Kelling (1901) – for the first time has made a laparoscopy in experiment on a dog;
D.O.Ott (1901) – has informed about "ventroscopy" inspection of a abdominal cavity by means of a candle, a frontal mirror and a tube;
Heinz Kalk (1928 г) - has developed a technique laparoscopic puncture biopsy of a liver, and in 1939 has published the work based on research of 200 patients;
Janos Veress (1938) - has invented a needle with spring mandrin. For today is most widely used tool for imposing of pneumoperitoneum;
Raul Palmer (1947) - has offered ways of definition of position of a needle widely used now for insufflation (Palmer-test);
Kurt Semm - with the colleagues and pupils have developed methodics of the majority laparoscopic interventions on organs of a small pelvis, have created enormous amount laparoscopic tools and devices
De Kok in 1977 for the first time has executed laparoscopic appendectomy;
E. Muhe (1985 г) - has executed the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy;
U.I. Gallinger (1991 г) for the first time in Russia has executed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the Science Centre of surgery of Russian Academy of Medical Science.
Light source of Arno
Philipp Bozzini (1773-1809)
Эндоскоп Джона Фишера (1827)
Trouve’s “polyscope”
