Список рекомендованной литературы

1. Людвигова Е.В., Баженова С.М. Учебник английского языка для вузов заочного обучения. – М., 1982.

2. Новицкая Т.М., Кучин Н.Д. Учебник английского языка для заочных технических вузов. – М., 1974 и более поздние издания.

3. Новицкая Т.М., Кучин Н.Д. Практическая грамматика английского языка. – М., 1971, 1979 и более поздние издания.

4. Петрова А.В. Самоучитель английского языка. – М., 1985 и более поздние издания.

5. Полякова т.Ю., Синявская е.В. И др. Английский язык для инженеров. – м: Высш. Шк., 1998 и более поздние издания. Контрольная работа № 1

Прежде чем приступить к выполнению контрольного задания № 1, вам необходимо повторить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1. Имя существительное. Множественное число. Выражение падежных отношений в английском языке с помощью предлогов и окончания –s.

2. Имя прилагательное. Степени сравнения имен прилагательных.

3. Числительное.

4. Глагол. Спряжение глаголов to be и to have. Оборот there + to be. Формы Simple (Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залогах.

5. Порядок слов в утвердительных и вопросительных предложениях.

Вариант 1

Упр. 1. Формы Simple (Present, Past, Future) в действительном (Active) и страдательном (Passive) залогах.

(A) Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.

Model: The train departs at 7 pm. Поезд отправляется в 7 часов вечера.

departs – Present Simple Active (to depart)

1. Eurotunnel is a railway tunnel between England and France that runs under the English Channel.

2. The first passenger cars were lighted by candles. Later, candles were replaced by oil and gas lamps. Nowadays electricity is used for lighting and heating the passenger carriages.

3. Tomorrow, the movement of trains on this section of the line will be stopped because of the track repair.

4. Steel sleepers are used in desert and tropical regions because great variations in day and night temperatures don’t affect them.

5. The railway transport played a very important role in industrial development of Britain during the 19^th and early 20^th centuries.

(B) Перепишите предложения, поставив глагол в нужную видовременную форму, и переведите их.

1. Russia (to rank – Present Simple Active) second in the world, after the USA, in the length of the railway network. The total length of all railway lines in Russia (to be – Present Simple Active) equal to three times the length of the Equator.

2. The windows of the new coach (to equip – Future Simple Passive) with special heaters.

3. The first railways (to appear – Past Simple Active) in England and (to use – Past Simple Passive) to carry coal.

4. Various means of transport (to use – Present Simple Passive) for carrying passengers and freight over long distances.

5. The first Stephenson’s steam locomotive (to call – Past Simple Passive) the Rocket.

Упр. 2. Оборот there + to be

(A) Перепишите предложения и переведите их.

1. There were no signaling devices on the first railways as there was no need for them.

2. There will be a change in the schedule of this commuter train in summer.

3. In Metro, there are special pumps and fans that suck in the air from the street, purify it, and make it warm or cool on its way to the station.

(B) Перепишите предложения, поставив глагол to be в нужную форму, и переведите их.

1. There to be no curves and steep gradients on the Paris-Lyon high-speed route. (Present)

2. There to be locomotives at both ends of a heavy freight train. (Past)

3. There to be an escalator of only five steps at one of the Tokyo metro stations. (Present)

Упр. 3. Притяжательный падеж существительных

Перепишите предложения и переведите их.

1. At railway terminals, announcement boards display information about trains’ departures and arrivals.

2. The dispatcher's job is to control the movement of trains on the definite section of the track.

3. Bombardier's double-deck railway cars are used on suburban trains in Germany.

Упр. 4. Степени сравнения прилагательных

(A) Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Укажите степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. The first rails were made of cast iron but when traffic became heavier, it was found that cast iron was too brittle and wore too quickly.

2. The underground railway is the quickest, safest, the most reliable and comfortable means of city transport.

3. Diesel and electric locomotives are cleaner, more efficient and require less maintenance than steam locomotives.

(B) Перепишите предложения, употребив прилагательные в скобках в сравнительной или превосходной степени, и переведите их.

1. The Konkan Railway in India crosses 2,134 bridges and viaducts. This rail line has (tall) viaduct in Asia (its height is 64 m) and (long) railway tunnel in India (its length is 6.5 km).

2. G. Westinghouse invented a system of air brakes that made travel by train much (safe).

3. (Convenient) and (fast) way of freight transportation by railways is the container.

Упр. 5. Перепишите предложения. Задайте общие вопросы и специальные вопросы к подчеркнутым словам.

1. The fast train for London departs from platform № 2.

2. Before the invention of steel, the railway cars were made of wood.

3. Steven Roberts designed the T-rail in 1830.

4. On this dangerous section of track, trains usually decrease their speed.

5. Train fares will go up by seven percent next week.

Упр. 6. (A) Прочитайте текст и устно переведите его. Выполните упражнения, данные после текста, письменно.

Kuibyshev Railway

The Kuibyshev Railway (KR) is among the country’s largest mainlines. It links European Russia with the economically vital regions of the Ural and Middle Asia. It runs across 3 republics and 7 regions.

The KR is one of the oldest railways in Russia. Its history dates back to the Morshansk-Syzran line put into operation in 1874. This line was 520 km long; it operated 42 steam locomotives, 47 Morse apparatus, 530 freight cars, 52 passenger carriages and 15 baggage cars.

In 1875, the decision was taken to span the Volga River by a bridge at Syzran, a town 400 km from Samara. Nikolay Belelyubskiy, an outstanding Russian scientist and bridge engineer was in charge of construction works. The special importance of the bridge was that this was the only rail link between Central Russia and Siberia. As bridge construction was a matter of national importance, it was personally supervised by Tsar Alexander II. 7 million gold rubles were spent to carry out the project. The inauguration of the bridge took place on August 30, 1880. The 1.5 km girder bridge had 13 spans 110 meters each. Until 1919, its official name was Alexander Bridge.

Nowadays, the KR as a branch of RZD Joint-Stock Company provides sustainable development¹ of the Volga-Urals economic region. It has 5 divisions: Samara, Ruzaevka, Penza, Ulyanovsk, Bashkiria. The operating length of the KR is 11.5 thousand km; 7.2 thousand km are main-line tracks. There are over 330 stations, including 6 marshalling yards. The railway operates 23 locomotive and car depots to maintain and repair rolling stock.

Freight traffic is a top priority for the KR. Among the most important goods transported are oil and oil products, chemicals, timber, cement, construction materials, automobiles, etc. Annually, over 60 mln tons of freight is carried by the KR. The introduction of advanced technologies into rail industry ensures safe and timely delivery of goods.

More than 30 mln people are transported by our railway every year. Passenger traffic is provided by long-distance trains, including named trains, as well as by local trains. Electrical multiple-unit trains are very popular among people living on the territory served by the KR. Every year, 25 million people travel by commuter trains.

Note: ¹sustainable development – устойчивое развитие

(B) Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих фраз.

1. инженер-мостостроитель

2. дело государственной важности

3. мост с балочным пролётным строением

4. акционерная компания Российские железные дороги

5. эксплуатационная длина железной дороги

6. для обслуживания и ремонта подвижного состава

7. внедрение передовых технологий

8. безопасная и своевременная доставка грузов

9. фирменные поезда

10. поезда местного сообщения

(С) Ответьте кратко на общие вопросы к тексту.

1. Does the KR run across 3 countries and 7 regions?

2. Is the KR the oldest railway in this country?

3. Was the length of the first section of the KR 520 miles?

4. Did steam locomotives draw trains in the 19^th century?

5. Were 7 million gold rubles spent to carry out the project of constructing the rail bridge?

6. Did the official opening of the bridge at Syzran take place on August 30, 1980?

7. Is the operating length of the KR 7.2 thousand km?

8. Does the introduction of advanced technologies into rail industry ensure safe and timely delivery of goods?

9. Are named trains used to carry freight such as oil and oil products, chemicals, timber, cement, construction materials, automobiles?

10. Do 25 million people travel by commuter trains annually?