Часть 2

Упр. 1. Прочитайте предложения и переведите их. Определите видовременные формы сказуемых.

1. Recently there has been an increase in rail traffic due to the fact that many products are coming in from abroad.

2. The train left at exactly 3 o'clock. Just 5 minutes before I had been stuck in a traffic jam.

3. A new school for diesel train drivers has been recently opened in Derby, Britain. The trainees attending the course are railway workers who have already received some practical experience on different railways.

4. This railway line is being upgraded to carry heavier volumes of freight and passenger traffic.

5. China has the world’s sixth longest railroad system. By the mid-1970s, all of its major manufacturing centers and provincial capitals had been linked by railway network.

6. When we came to the station, the train had already arrived and the passengers were hurrying to occupy their seats in the carriages.

7. Double-deck buses were being operated in Moscow within several months but they were considered inconvenient especially during rush hours.

8. The Czech Railways is investing heavily to upgrade the Prague-Breslau railway.

9. In Japan, there are many narrow gauge lines in mountainous regions and tilting trains have been designed to run on these railways.

10. How fast was the train going when the accident occurred?

11. Steam was the main source of power until the mid-20th century, though electric power had been used from the early 20th century, especially in Europe.

12. Investigators were photographing the wreckage from all angles, and searching for a data recorder that had been aboard the freight train.

Упр. 2. Прочитайте предложения, поставив глагол в нужную форму, и переведите их.

1. The engineer (to said – Past Simple Active) that some changes (to make – Past Perfect Passive) in the original design of the carriage.

2. The problems of reconstructing the old marshalling yard (to discuss – Present Continuous Passive) now.

3. At the start of the 1990s, carbodies were mostly of steel, but use of aluminum (to increase – Past Continuous Active) not only for high-speed train cars.

4. The train (to approach – Present Continuous Active) Moscow; let's start packing.

5. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (to make – Present Perfect Active) a loan of $US120 million to the Russian Ministry of Railways for the railway rehabilitation project.

6. When the train (to run – Present Continuous Active), the train master (to communicate –Present Simple Active) with passengers over a public address system.

7. The overhead contact lines damaged in the yesterday’s storm (to repair / already – Present Perfect Passive).

8. Tomas Edison (to begin – Past Simple Passive) to work at the railway, when he (to sell – Past Continuous Active) newspapers and snack.

9. The primitive railways called wagonways (to use – Past Continuous Passive) in Germany as early as 1550.

10. The construction of the new underground line, which (to link – Future Simple Active) several districts, (to start – Present Perfect Active) recently.

Упр. 3. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление модальных глаголов must, can, may, need, should.

1. On this section of the line, the trains' speed should be limited to 40 mph.

2. Could you show me the nearest way to the station?

3. Trains must run according to the timetable.

4. You may take any of these instruments; I do not need them now.

5. Several locomotives must be used to draw such a long and heavy container train.

6. The inside body of the passenger car should be finished with materials that are easily washed.

7. We needn’t be in a hurry – we have a lot of time.

8. Additional carriages can be coupled to the train as needed.

9. Baggage must not be left unattended in the terminal building.

10. The car, which you could see at the exhibition, will be used on international routes.

11. A common carrier may remove a passenger from its service for the refusal to pay a fare.

Упр. 4. (A) Прочитайте следующие словосочетания и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные формы и функции причастия I (Participle I).

1. Having repaired the engine, the mechanic …;

a mechanic repairing engines;

(While) repairing the engine, the mechanic …;

A mechanic is repairing the engine now.

2. the workers constructing the railway;

Constructing the railway, the workers…;

Having constructed the railway, the workers …;

The workers will be constructing the high-speed railway.

3. (When) testing a new device, the engineers …;

Having tested a new device, the engineers…;

the engineers testing a new device;

The engineers are testing a new device now.

(B) Прочитайте предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на употребление Participle I в разных функциях.

1. Waiting for the train arrival, I looked through the magazines lying on the table.

2. Having received the telegram, she immediately left for Glasgow.

3. The Hikari is an electric multiple-unit train consisting of 16 cars designed to seat more than 1,000 passengers.

4. The leading role of the railway transport in Russia is explained by the specific territorial, climatic, and geographical conditions.

5. Having tested the new locomotive, the engineers recommended it for series production.

6. The trains operating on the underground lines are supplied with low voltage direct current.

7. Bombardier is the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in the world. This company started in Canada and has become multi-national, making everything from passenger cars to commuter aircraft in factories around the world.

8. The Trans-Siberian Railroad is the longest single rail system in Russia stretching from Moscow 9,198 km east to Vladivostok.

9. The trip on the "Rossiya" passenger train from Moscow to Nakhodka, including a compulsory overnight stay in Khabarovsk, takes about eight days.

10. Having left our suitcases in the Left-Luggage Room, we went to have a snack.

Упр. 5. Прочитайте предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II в разных функциях.

1. The Republic of South Africa has a well-developed rail system called Spoornet.

2. The 12.5 km Cascade Tunnel located about 100 km east of Seattle is one of the longest railroad tunnels in the US. Constructed in 1929, it replaced a shorter but winding tunnel a few miles to the north.

3. When upgraded, the track will be used for high-speed passenger traffic.

4. A train equipped with a tilting mechanism can pass the curve at a high speed.

5. The new seats with built up TV sets are installed in the new passenger carriages.

6. Before opened for traffic, the railway lines are carefully inspected and tested.

7. The sign of the London Underground is a red circle crossed with a blue stripe.

8. Two or more coupled locomotives are frequently used in freight trains.

9. Rail welded into long sections became the standard for most busy main lines.

10. When thoroughly tested, ballastless track will probably find wide application not only in tunnels.

11. The first Russian steam loco designed and built by the Cherepanovs stands now as a monument in front of the Historic Museum in Nizhni Tagil.

12. Henry Booth was the designer of the boiler used by Stephenson on the Rocket locomotive.

Упр. 6. ТЕСТ. Выберите нужное причастие (Participle I or Participle II)

1. An autorack is a specialized freight car ___ to transport unladen automobiles.

A. using B. used

2. The Paris-Lyon route ___ two large industrial areas is one of the most important railway lines in France.

A. connecting B. connected

3. Luggage racks ___ adjacent to the entrance vestibule are used for bulky luggage.

A. locating B. located

4. Almost all passenger trains in Europe have coaches ___ for passengers in wheelchairs.

A. equipping B. equipped

5. He jumped on the step of the ___ train.

A. moving B. moved

6. The cause of the accident was a ___ brake lever.

A. breaking B. broken

7. While ___ the new loco, the experts saw that there was something wrong with the engine.

A. testing B. tested

Упр. 7. Задайте разделительные вопросы.

1. In New York, most people go to work by subway.

2. Transport plays a very important part in the development of economy.

3. My boss has just returned from a business trip to India.

4. The train is leaving in a few minutes.

5. Each one of your suitcases will be checked when you go through the customs.

6. In the Samara Metro, trains run at 8 minutes headways.

7. Susan has bought a newspaper and a magazine to read on the train.

8. The service life of steel sleepers lasts from 35 to 60 years.

9. This distance can be covered by train in an hour.

10. Competition between different modes of transport is intensifying now.

11. At Richmond, a lot of passengers got off the train.

12. The mainline between Shanghai and Beijing was opened for traffic in 1903.